Globalization, Human Rights and Populism: Reimagining People, Power and Places

Preface
	The Crisis of Globalization: New Populism and the Resurgence of Economic Nationalism
	References
Acknowledgements
Contents
Contributors
Part I: The Introduction
	The Struggle Between Humanity and the Culture of Narcissism and Post Truth
		Introduction
		The Humanitarians
		Valuing Humanity
		Contemporary Inhumanity
		Narcissism and Post Truth on Steroids
		The Impact
		January 30, 2022
		Discussion
		References
Part II: Globalization (Denationalization) or Glocalization? Putting Populism in Its Place
	Angels and Devils? A Burkean Analysis of the Four Most Powerful Men
		Introduction
		Burke´s Methods
		Burke´s Critique of Hitler
			God Terms
			Devil Terms
			The Common Enemy
			Unifying Element
			The Dialectic
			Truth Is Irrelevant
			Misrepresentation
			One´s Inadequacies
			Group Identity
			Self-Esteem
			Leadership
			Burke´s Conclusion
		Chaos and Stability
		Trump on January 6
			God Terms and Stability
			Devil Terms and Chaos
		Biden´s Inaugural Speech
			God Terms and Stability
		Putin on Ukraine
		Jinping on the 100th Anniversary of the Communist Party
		The Similarities Among the 4
		The Implications of the Rhetoric of Conflict
		Political Discourse Changes
		A Masculine Rhetorical Style
		Populism
		Truth
		Conclusions: The Rhetoric of Conflict
		References
	Populist Leaders: The New Prince
		Introduction
		The Actual Reality of Populism All over the World
		Transnational Populism as a Threat
		Religion and Transnational Populism: An Explosive Cocktail
		Populist Leadership: The Cult of the Leader
		The Capital Sins of Populist Leaders
		Financing Scandals Involving Populist Leaders and Parties
		Conclusion
		References
	Colonialism, Wars, and Oppression: Organized Violence in a Global Era
		Introduction
		Colonialism and Warfare
			Warfare´s Origins
			Failures to Unite Europe by Conquest
		From Pecuniary to Invasive Colonialism
			Making Peace in Europe
			Invasion and Devastation in Asia and Africa
			Resumption and Crescendo of European Warfare
		Decline and Disorganization of Warfare
			Restoration of Peace in Europe
			Sporadic Violence in Africa
				South Africa as a Special Case: Extreme Xenophobia and Toxic Afronegativity?
			Small War in West Asia
		Renewed War North of West Asia
			``Europe´´ Begins Where ``Asia´´ Ends
			Small War
			Causes of War
			Connection to Colonialism
		References
	Multiple Faces of China: Defending Against Chinese ``Silk Road´´ Encirclement
		Introduction
		Materials and Methods: Chinese Silk Road Hypocrisy
		Discussion
			Sino-Russian Fracture?
		Results: Pandemic and Pollution
		Conclusion
		Implications for Action
		Recommendations
		References
	Strategic Ethical Approach to Curb the Wave of Global Corruption: Foundational Reflections for Cosmopolitan Responsibility in ...
		Introduction
		Why the Need to Combat Corruption Is So Important in Order to Promote Human Rights and Peacekeeping in Just Institutions
		Vision of Ethical Foundation of Strategy of Governance of International Organizations
		Conclusion
		References
	Understanding the Changing Demographic Bases of White Opinion on Race, 1940s-2018
		Introduction
		Principles/Methods
		Implementation and Affirmative Action
		Reasons for Inequality
		Discussion
		Conclusion
		References
	Political Philosophy Against Populism: Democratic Theory of Justice as Justification of Human Rights and Citizenship in Politi...
		Introduction
		John Rawls: Justice as Fairness
			Justification of Principles of Justice
			Justice as a Result of a Political Process
			Critical Points in Rawls´ Theory of Justice
		Jürgen Habermas: Discourse Principle and Justice
			Critical Hermeneutics and Democracy
			Intersubjectivity and Communicative Rationality
			Communicative Rationality in Modern Society
			A Discourse Theory on the Law and the Modern Rule of Law
			Objections to Jürgen Habermas
		Conclusion
		References
	The End? Punishment, Populism, and the Threat to Democratic Order
		Introduction
		The Origins of the Populist Renaissance
			The Decline of Deference
			The Decline of Trust in Politicians and Existing Democratic Processes
			The Rise of Global Insecurities and Anxieties
			The Influence of the Mass Media
			The Symbolic Importance of Crime Victims
		The Rise of Populist Politics
			The 2008 Global Fiscal Crisis
			Anxieties About Immigration
			The Power of Social Media
		The Revolt Against Uncertainty
		The Arrival of COVID-19
		References
	Collateral Damage: The Politics and Ethics of Drone Strikes
		Introduction
		Encountering the Other through Sight and Sound
		The Reception of the Other
			Communicative Silence in Which the Reception of the Other Becomes Possible
			Interior Alterity as the Origin of the Call of Conscience
			From Feeling to Knowing to Feeling
		The Cost of Refusal
		Conclusion: Turning-Away as a Turning-Towards
		References
Part III: Globalizing Capital and People
	Global Management Competency: Toward a More Nuanced Holistic-Domain Taxonomy for the Twenty-first Century
		Introduction
		External Ecology of Organizational Scope
		Embedding Nature and Culture into the External Domain Ecology
		Macrosystem Inherent Environment
		Exosystem Infrastructure Environment
		Mesosystem Intermediate Environment
		Microsystem Internal Environment
		Conclusion: Natural Ecology for Organizational Ontology
		References
	When Political Skill Matters in a Global Organization: The Effects of Networking Ability and the Value of Voice in an Organiza...
		Introduction
		Theoretical Foundations and Hypothesis Development
			Voice Behavior
			Political Skill and Its Dimensions
			Climate for Initiative, Positive Voice, and Networking Ability
			Constructive Voice, Apparent Sincerity, and Counterproductivity
			Supportive Voice, Apparent Sincerity, and Counterproductivity
			Moderated Mediation Hypotheses
		Methods
			Participants and Procedure
			Measures
		Results
		Discussion
			Contributions to Theory and Research
			Strengths and Limitations
			Directions for Future Research
			Practical Implications and Conclusion
		References
	Losing Sleep: Examining Struggles for Value and Counterproductive Work Behaviors in an Era of Globalization
		Introduction
		HRM and Employee Turnover
		Engagement, Emotion Management, and Trust
		Hope and Soul
		Time at Work
		Aggression, Stress, Mental Health, and Resilience
		Boredom, Affect, and Job Satisfaction
		Workplace Bullying
		Mobbing
		Abusive Supervision: Bossing
		Motives and Objectives of Bossing
		Formation and Causes of Bossing
		Typical Features and Methods of Bossing
		Consequences of Bossing
			Consequences of Bossing for the Victim
			Consequences of Bossing for the Organization
		Protection against Bossing
		Conclusion
		References
	Bloodstains on a ``Code of Honor´´: The Murderous Marginalization of Women in the Islamic World
		Introduction
		Sources of Islamic Law
		Honor Killings in the Modern World
		Moral Imperatives and Reasoned Responses
		Limitations of International Human Rights Law
		Primacy of the Internet
		The Mainstream Media
		Hotlines and Shelters
		The Clergy
		Conclusion
	Globalization in Action: Industry 4.0 Development Model for Turkey
		Methods
		Results
		Triggering Factors
			Historical Roots of Industrialization
			Trends in Technology
			Changes in Corporate Traditions
			Changes in Customer Needs
			New Business Challenges
		Digital Transformation (Omni-Wheel) Dimension
			Preparation, Analysis, and Planning
			Organizational Trauma
			Digital Infrastructure and Digital Culture
			Integrated Stakeholders
			Employee Engagement
			Customer Experience
			New Business Models and Innovation
			Leadership
		Expected Outputs
			Social Outputs
			Business Outputs
		Industry 5.0
		Discussion
		References
	Speech on Postmodern Campus: How American Postmodern Education is Eroding Free Speech Values-(the Heckler´s Veto)
		Introduction
			``The Heckler´s Veto´´ and the Lanham Trademark Act
			``Safe Spaces´´ and ``Trigger Warnings´´
		Conclusion
Part IV: A World Made New: The Ideology of Human Rights
	Making College Education a Right, Not a Privilege: America´s First Lady, Dr. Biden´s Quest to Make College Free
		Introduction
		America´s College Promise
		Presidential Campaigns and Tuition-Free Higher Education
		Dr. Jill Biden: Advocate for Access and Affordability for All
		Challenges and Barriers to Free Higher Education
		The Status of US Higher Education in 2022
		College Promise for All
		Conclusion
		References
	Rumble in the Democratic Republic of Congo: President Felix Tshisekedi Is Taking Control (Power, Complicity, and Protest)
		Introduction
		The Political Break-Up in Discourse Theory
		From Marriage of Reason to Divorce: The FCC-CACH Coalition
		From Continuity to Break-Up: A Discursive Analysis
			The Electoral Issue: The 2023 Elections, a Sensitive Subject
			``Zero Dark Zero´´
		Conclusions
		References
	Is Confucian Peace a Solution to the Intercultural Conflict?
		Introduction
		Literature Review
			Conflict and Conflict Resolution
				Functional Perspective: Conflict as a Destructive Disturbance
				Conflict Perspective: Conflict as a Constructive Challenge
			Conflict Management Strategies
			Research Questions
		Context: Development of Confucian in the Spring and Autumn Period
		Three Classics of Confucianism
			The Analects ()
				Harmony as the Moral Goodness
				Conflict Resolution: Cultivating Self-Virtue and Equalizing Self and Others
			Mengzi ()
				Conflict as the Driving Force of Social Improvement
				Conflict Resolution: Dominating Approach for the Collective Benefit
			Record of Rite ()
				Harmony as the Key to Social Prosperity
				Conflict Management of Imbalance Power: Self-Restriction with Rite and the Hierarchy
				Conflict Management with the Hierarchical Benevolence
			Zhong Yong (): Compromise and ``Forced´´ Integration
		Conclusion and Implications
		Appendix
		References
	Social Dominance Orientation, Right-Wing Authoritarianism, and Perception of Sensational News Headlines Regarding Outgroup Mem...
		Introduction
			Ideological Beliefs
			Right-Wing Authoritarianism (RWA)
			Social Dominance Orientation (SDO)
			Dual Process Model of Motivation
			RWA, SDO, and Outgroup Information
			RWA, SDO, and Fake News Perception
			Headline Perception
			False Headlines and Misinformation
			Participants and Procedure
			Stimuli
			Measures
			Results
			Discussion
		Appendix 1: SDO and RWA Short Version
		Appendix 2: Headlines for the Experimental Groups
		Appendix 3: Scale for Topical Issues
		References
	Is the United States Currently Living in a Pre-Trump 2 or Pre-Trumpian Time Period?
		Introduction
		President Biden´s Initial Actions to Offset Some of President Trump´s Worst Policies That Promoted Racism, Xenophobia, Hate Cr...
		President Biden´s Potential Success Is Directly Related to the Passing of Two Infrastructure Bills
		Escalated Political Violence, the Destruction of Democracy in the United States, and the Urgency of Carving Out Voting Rights ...
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
	Trouble in Mind: On Becoming a Black Girl Under Oppressive Social Control, Crime, and Slave Status
		Introduction
		Review of Literature
			Girlhood
			Black Girlhood
			Historical Realities of Black Girls
			Black Girlhood as a Product of Undervalued Black Womanhood
			Contemporary Realities of Black Girls
			Black Feminist Theory
			Black Feminist Thought
			JonBenét Ramsey
			Aiyana Mo´Nay Stanley-Jones and Jazmine Barnes
		Discussion
		Conclusion
		References
	``Racism Is at the Core´´: Skin-Color Prejudice and the Struggle for Equality in the United Kingdom and the United States
		Introduction
		Racism in the United States and the United Kingdom
		Critical Race Theory
		Police Brutality Is an Extension of White Supremacy
		Indictments of Police Officers in the United States
		Non-indictments of Police Officers in the United States
		Indictments of Police Officers in the United Kingdom
		Non-indictments of Police Officers in the United Kingdom
		Discussion
		Ending Racism
		References
	The Moon, the Ghetto, and Clusters of Intelligence: Comparison And Evaluation of Models of Learning Styles And Approaches - Gl...
		Introduction
			Approach to Learning
			Description of LPQ
		Method
			Participants
			Procedure
			Analysis of Responses
		Results
		Discussion
		References
	Racial Difference Matters: Impression Management in Political Debates
		Introduction
		Theoretical Undepinning
			Language Intensity
			Expectancy Violation Theory
			Dependent Measures
				Source Credibility
				Conversational Appropriateness
		Method
			Procedures
			Stimulus Materials
			Dependent Measures
				Source Credibility
				Conversational Appropriateness
			Data Collection Procedures
		Results
		Discussion
			Limitations and Directions for Future Research
			Implications for Praxis
		Conclusion
		References
	Trump, Race, and Demagogy
		Introduction
		Trump´s Racism: A Brief Chronology
		Trump´s History of Racism Prior to His Presidency
		The Societal Functions of Racism
		The Southern Border as Ideology
		Conclusion
		References
Part V: Globalization and Leadership
	Confronting COVID: Crisis Leadership, Turbulence and Governance: Does the Coronavirus Pandemic Exhibit Deliberate Deception or...
		Introduction
		Overriding Issues
		Nebulous Origin of the Pathogen
		Crisis in Medical and Political Leadership?
		Theories of Lobbying
		Theories of Geographic Realism
		Lobbying: Traditional and Post-modern
		Conclusion
		References
	TREAT Leadership Framework: A Knowledge-Based Theory of the Global Firm
		Introduction
		Step 1: Model Development and Item Generation
			Task Orientation (T)
			Relation Orientation (R)
			Empowering (E)
			Authenticity (A)
			Team Building (T)
		Step 2: Tests of Factor Structure
			Exploratory Factor Analysis
			Confirmatory Factor Analysis
		Step 3: Nomological Validity
			Sample and Measures
			Results
		Discussion
			Limitations
		Conclusion
		Appendix: The Interview Schedule
			Interview Questions
			Demographic Details
		References
	Global Leadership as a Driver of Entrepreneurship: A Cultural Group Market Perspective
		Introduction
		Theoretical Perspective
			Leadership Styles
			A Topology of Leadership Styles
		Entrepreneurial Leadership
		Followership and Enterprise Development
		Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Perspective
		Entrepreneurial Followership
			Leadership Behaviors Effect On The Firm
		Innovative Behavior
			Innovation Patterns Within a Firm
		Cultural Contexts
		Method
		Results
		Conclusion
		References
	Situational Leadership Theory: An Extension and a Test of Global Organizational Prescriptions
		Introduction
			Introduction
		Stages of Organizational Growth
		Formal Organizational Structure
		Organizational Culture
		Conclusions
		References
Part VI: Race and Globalization
	Misunderstanding Reinvigorates Racism: The Case of Critical Race Theory in the Public Sphere
		Introduction
		Background and Current Trends
			Critical Race Theory Defined
			Critical Race Theory in the Public Sphere
			Critical Race Theory in National Politics
		Critical Race Theory, Education, and State Policy
			Critical Race Theory and American Public Education
			State Legislation and Public Schools
		Case Study
			The Example of Texas
			The Example of North Carolina
			The Example of Florida
		Conclusion
			Critical Race Theory and New Racism in America
		References
	Puerto Rico: Reading ``Race´´ Through Culture and the Arts
		Introduction
		Some Initial Remarks
			Spanish Colonization and Slavery
		Hispanophilia, the Mulata, and National Yearning
		Revenge of the Mulatas: Patriarchy´s Myths Exposed
		Whitening and Racial Perceptions
			Mulattoes and Blacks Disappear
			Cortijo, Salsa, and Afroboricua Pride: Mulattoes Own the Streets
		Black and Proud: In Your Face (And Nose)
		Redefining Blackness and Reggaetón
		Conclusion
		Bibliography
	Pioneers and Settlers: The Impact of Stereotype Threat and Interventions for Marginalized Group Members
		Introduction
		Negative Ramifications of Stereotype Threat
		Disengagement and Turnover Intentions
		Tokenism and Pioneerism
		Settlers
		Perceptions of Efficacy
		Reducing Threat
		Racial and Ethnic Identity
		Stereotype Threat Interventions
		Organizational Diversity Climate
		Organizational Interventions and Implications for Work
		References
Part VII: Self-Efficacy, Workplace Well-Being and Sustainability Practices
	United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and Global Supplier Development: Insights from the Global Garment Industry
		Introduction
		SDGs, Global Value Chains, and Supplier Upgrading
		Global Buyers as Agents of SDG Change?
		SDGs, Global Value Chains, and Institutional Pressure
		Supplier Development in the Supply Chain and Operations Management
		Conclusions and Implications for Future SDG Research
		References
	Trait Psychopathy, Job Performance, and Career Success: A Multisource Approach
		Introduction
		Fearless Dominance, Self-Centered Impulsivity, and Job Performance
		Fearless Dominance and Career Success
		Methods
			Participants and Procedures
			Measures
			Statistical Analyses
		Results
		Discussion
			Contributions
			Implications
			Limitations
		Conclusion
		References
	A Journey to Culture of Prevention: Let´s Start with the (Dis)Belief in Prevention
		Introduction
		Prevention in the School Organization
		Public Approach to Prevention
		Exploration of the Disbelief in Prevention Notion
			Participants
			Study Tools
			Procedure
				Teacher Groups
				Student Groups
				Both in the Teachers´ and the Students´ Groups
			Analysis of the Findings
			Identification of Key Themes
			Search for an Agreement
		Results
			A. Shared Considerations
				Prolonged Exposure
				Social Acceptance
				Adult Role Model
				Significant Other
			B. Specific Considerations
				Social Customs and Traditions
				Religious Norms
				Fear of Stigma
				Privacy
		Implications: What the Study Findings Teach Us
		Summing Up
		References
	Sustainable Identities and Human Resource Development: A Theory of Reality Construction
		Introduction
		Social Construction of Reality
			A Theory of Reality Construction
		Identity as Living Storytelling
		Living Storytelling and Human Resource Development
		Conclusion
		References
	When a Thousand Flowers Bloom: The Human Side of Leadership from the Gestalt Perspective
		Introduction
			Strategic Journey to the Future
			Gestalt Strategic Implementation
				Who Implements Strategic Knowledge Management?
			Entrepreneurial Culture
		Joseph: Strategic Planner and Scenario Gestalt Analyst
			Reimagining Joseph as a Gestalt Group Process Leader
			Succinct and Clear
			Preparation
			Lessons from Joseph Administration (Gestalt Group Process Perspective)
		Discussion
		References
	``Traduttore, Traditore´´ One More Time: Happy Well-Being Index
		Introduction
			The Concept of Social Development
		Review of Some Socio-economic Composite Indicators - Existing Sustainable Well-being Indexes
			Human Development Index (HDI)
			Weighted Index of Social Progress (WISP)
			Quality of Life Index (QOL)
			Prescott-Allen´s Indices of the Well-Being of Nations
			Conference Board of Canada´s Quality of Life Scorecard
			Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI)
			Fordham Index of Social Health (ISH)
			Fraser Institute Index of Living Standards
			Ontario Social Development Quality of Life Index
			Physical Quality of Life Index (PQLI)
			Composite Basic Needs Indices
			Quality of Life Rankings
			Dasgupta and Weale´s New QOL
			Index of Economic Well-Being (IEWB)
			The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU)
			The Decent Work Indicators
			Social Indicators
			The European Union´s Indicator of Social Inclusion
			Nordic Level of Living Studies
			Happy Planet Index (HPI)
			The Happy Well-Being Index Scoreboard (HWI)
				Composite Indicator or Index
		Literature Review
			Criteria for Choosing Indicators for HWI
				Reflections on the Structure of the HWI Framework
				The Happy Well-Being Index (HWI)
			Social Indicators or Index
			Trust
				Sub-domains
			Social Networks
			Sub-domains
			Identity
			Defining the Dimensions of HWI
			How to Use the Framework
			The Methodology
		Discussion and Conclusion
		References
Part VIII: United Nations and Capital Development in Globalization
	Beyond Human Resource Capital Development: Is Sustainable Production the Next Approach?
		Introduction
		What Is the Evolutionary of Human Resource Capital?
			History of Human Resource Development
		Is the Concept of Human Resource Capital Really Matters?
		What Has Theory Got to Do with Human Resource Capital
		Fombrun Model of Human Resource Management
		Is the Quality of Human Resource Capital a Matter of Fact?
		Why Is HRC Important to Business Organization
		Strategic Human Resource Capital What Is the Road Ahead?
		Is Strategic Human Resource Management Attainable?
		How Can Organization Benefit from Human Resource Capital?
		How Can the Challenges of Human Resource Capital Be identified?
		Ways to Solve Human Resource Capital Problem
		Areas of Specialization in Human Resource Capital Management
		Does a Dollar Count? Economic Value of Human Resource Capital
		Job Continuity and Bargaining Power of Human Resource Capital
		Human Resource Capital Management and Sustainability Performance What Is the Concern?
		``Who Is the Answer to Human Resource?´´
		Divisions Within Human Resource Department
		Differences Between Human Resources and Human Capital
		Summary
		References
	United Nations Peacekeeping: Enabling Conflict Resolution and the Role of Mediation
		Introduction
		Obstacles to Mediation
		Peacekeeping Diplomacy and Mediation
		The United Nations as Mediation Facilitator
		Conclusions
		References
Part IX: Economic Globalization: Cultural Values and Acquisition Integration Issues
	The Influence of Cultural Values on Household Debt: A Study in 39 Countries
		Introduction
		Literature Review and Theoretical Framework
			Culture and Economic Performance
			Determinants of Household Debt
			The Relationships Between Cultural Dimensions and Household Debt
				In-Group Collectivism
				Performance Orientation
				Future Orientation
				Uncertainty Avoidance
				Power Distance
				Humane Orientation
				Assertiveness
				Institutional Collectivism
				Gender Egalitarianism
		Methods
			Data and Sampling
			Time Periods
			Measures
				Dependent Variable: Household Debt
				Independent Variables: Cultural Dimensions
				Control Variables
					Financial Development Index
					Legal Rights Index
					Legal Origin
					GDP Per Capita
					Unemployment Rate
			Statistical Procedures
			Robustness Tests
		Results
		Discussion
			Theoretical Implications
			Practical Implications
		Conclusions
		Appendix
		References
	The Global Economic Crisis: Historical Roots, Lessons Learned, and Implications for Geopolitical Stability
		Introduction
		The 1929 Crash and Great Depression
		The Global Economic Crisis, 2007-2016
		Lessons from 1929 Applied in 2008
		Post-War Economic Crises and Influences in the Twenty-First Century
		After Bretton Woods: 1974-2016
		Currency Wars from 2007 to 2016
		Impact on Geopolitical Stability
		The Crisis Is Not Over? Historical Parallels
		Economic Inequality and the Impact on Marginalized Populations
		Economic Crisis and the Path to Recovery
		Responses to the 2019-2021 Crisis
		Conclusion
		Bibliography
	High Potentials´ Impression Management by Modesty in Job Interviews
		High Potentials´ Impression Management by Modesty in Job Interviews
			Impact of Impression Management in the Job Interview
			Impression Management and Likeability Evaluations
			Competence-Related Applicant Information
			Interviewer Accountability
		Method
			Participants and Procedure
			Design
			Independent Variables
			Dependent Variables
			Control Variables
		Results
		Discussion
			Theoretical Implications
			Practical Implications
			Strengths and Limitations
			Directions for Future Research
		Conclusion
		References
	De-globalization or Re-globalization? Some Historical Assessments on the Role of Economic Elites Across Time
		Introduction
		Commercial and Early Industrial Capitalism (1600-1865)
			The Case of Holland
			The Case of England/Britain
			The Case of Germany
		Industrial Capitalism, Elites and Nationalism (1866-1945)
			The Period (1866-1918)
				Britain
				Germany
			The Period (1919-1945)
				Britain (1919-1945)
				Germany (1919-1945)
				The French, US and Japanese Elites (1870-1945)
		The Cold War Elites (1945-1991)
		The Post-Cold War Elites (1990-2022) and the Current Challenges
		Bibliography
			1. Archival Sources
			2. Books, Journal Articles and Working Papers
			3. Internet Sources
	Exploring the Impact of Context on Acquisition Integration Issues and Outcomes: Toward a Global Perspective
		Introduction
		Theoretical Model and Hypotheses Development
			Physical Distance
			Within-Country Diversity
			Legal System
			Integration Issues as Mediators of Acquisition Performance
		Methods
			Dependent Variables
			Mediating Variables
			Institutional Environment
		Results
		Discussion
			Research Implications
			Managerial Implications
			Limitations and Future Research
		Conclusions
		References