Global Mental Health and Neuroethics

Cover
Global Mental Health and Neuroethics
Copyright
Contributors
Foreword
1
Introduction
Section A: Conceptual issues
2
Moving beyond scientism and skepticism
	Introduction
	Global mental health and neuroethics
	What is psychiatric disorder?
	What causes mental illness?
	Interventions for mental disorders and well-being
	Conclusion
	References
3
Finding a word for it: An ordinary language philosophical perspective on the role of values-based practice as a partner to ...
	Values-based practice and ordinary language philosophy
		A forced choice exercise
		An overview of values-based practice
		Roots of values-based practice in ordinary language philosophy
	Values-based practice in bodily health
		Mrs. Jones’ Knee
	Values-based practice in mental health
		Simon the seer
		Values in Simon’s story
		Values in psychiatric diagnosis
		Third interpretation: Visible values  =   diverse values
	Fact-plus-value: A conceptual framework for global mental health and neuroethics
		A fact-plus-value medical model
		Challenges of reconciliation
		Challenges of demarcation
	Values-based practice: A practical resource for global mental health and neuroethics
		Challenges of social inclusion and empowerment
		Challenges arising from the social determinants of disease
		Challenges of neuroethics exemplified in individual and global enhancement
	Conclusions
	Acknowledgment
	References
	Further reading
4
Welfarist psychiatry goes global
	Introduction
	Welfarist psychiatry
	Welfarist responses to global mental health challenges
		Inadequacy of the Western psychiatric model
		Neo-colonialism
		Avoiding prejudicial and harmful forms of psychiatry globally
	Conclusion
	Acknowledgments
	References
5
The ethics of flourishing or failing: Social, economic and environmental determinants of global mental health in an uncerta ...
	Introduction
	Social determinants of mental health
		Education, occupation and mental illness
	Future threats and the changing global context
		Climate breakdown, mental health, and the idea of planetary health
			Inequality
			Gender, climate breakdown, and mental health
			Automation and job losses
			Agriculture and suicide
			Water scarcity
			Conflict and displacement
			Habitat encroachment and infectious disease epidemics
	The great leveling or the possibility of equality
	References
Section B: Global neuroethics
6
The ethics of neurogenetics research in Africa: Considerations and guidelines
	Introduction
	Features of the African research context that impact on research ethics
	Ethical challenges in conducting genetics research in resource-poor settings
	Valid informed consent
	Reciprocity obligations
	Fairness in international collaboration
	Frameworks to guide researchers
	Discussion
	References
7
Cosmetic psychopharmacology in a global context
	Introduction
	Cosmetic psychopharmacology
	Global mental health
	Relevant ethical considerations of CP
	A relational account of moral value and its implications for justice
	The implications of a relational account for conceptions of mental health and its care
	The ethical status of CP and implications for the three levels of claim rights
	Conclusion
	Acknowledgment
	References
8
Some ethics of deep brain stimulation
	Introduction
	Clinical uses of DBS
		DBS and PD
		DBS and OCD
		DBS and TRD
		The future of DBS
	DBS and threats to identity
	Surveys of judgments of identity change
		The essential moral self
		Direction of change
	Some ethics of DBS
		Two modest proposals
		Cases of DBS
		Closed-loop DBS
		Culture and context
		More questions
	References
	Further reading
9
Global mental health and the treatment gap: A human rights and neuroethics concern
	Introduction
	Barriers in and between countries: Resources and attitudes
	Mental health care as a need and a human right…and a cognitive process?
		Concepts, concepts and concepts, but whose perceptions?
		Perception of priority plays a causal role in the global mental health treatment gap
	Education: The bridge in the gap?
	Conclusion
	Acknowledgments
	References
	Further reading
10
Poverty and mental health in post-war countries: The case of Uganda and Sierra Leone
	Introduction
	Mental health in the African continent
		Uganda
			Socio-political context
			The burden of mental health
			Unique challenges
			Organization of mental health services
		Sierra Leone
			Socio-political context
			The burden of mental health
			Systemic challenges to improve access
	Neuroethics and the challenge of global mental health
		Setting a global agenda
		The contribution of neuroethics
	Concluding remarks
	Acknowledgment
	References
	Further reading
Section C: Disorders/developmental stages
11
Interactive role-playing and health-related quality of life assessment in children with neurocognitive sequelae: A global ...
	Introduction
	At the nexus of tumor research, care and survivorship
	Instrumentalizing and globalizing HRQoL research
		Proxy-reporting in HRQoL research
	Expanding the game-research nexus through role-playing in HRQoL
		Rights to the game
		Theory of the game
		Rules of the game
	Limitations
	Conclusion
	References
12
Neuroethics and cannabis use globally: Impact on adolescent cognition and wellbeing
	Introduction
	Cannabis use disorder and free will
	Prevalence and legalization of cannabis
	Neuroethics of medical cannabis
	Influences on the developing brain
	Effects on cognition
	Effects on academic performance
	Risk factor for psychiatric disorders
	Reasons for use and socioeconomic status (SES)
	Burden of disease
	Conclusion
	Acknowledgments
	References
	Further reading
13
Disease, wellness, and addiction: A global perspective
	Introduction
	Competing approaches to prioritizing global mental health
		Priorities for the treatment of addiction
	Substance use across the globe
		Tobacco
		Alcohol
		Illicit drugs
	Comparing NIMH and the Lancet’s approach to reducing the burden of SUDs
		Tobacco
		Alcohol and illicit drugs
		An evidence-based approach to global treatment of SUDs
	Is there a role for neuroethics in setting funding priorities?
	Conclusion
	References
	Further reading
14
Disease and wellness across the lifespan: A global perspective on the mental health burden of dementia
	Introduction
	Conversations with Jake and Barbara
	Conversations with Dan and Jane
	The problem
	Mental health issues associated with dementia
	Stigma and dementia
	The way forward
	References
	Further reading
15
Addressing disability in global mental health and neuroethics: Challenges and hopes
	Introduction
	Models of disability
		Psychosocial disability and mental impairment
	Challenges to global mental health and neuroethics
		Challenges to global mental health
		Challenges to neuroethics
	Opportunities for addressing disability in global mental health and neuroethics: A proposal
		Opportunities for global mental health
		Opportunities for neuroethics
		A proposal for an integrated model of disability through reflective equilibrium
	Conclusion
	Acknowledgments
	References
Section D: Conclusion
16
Ethical issues in global mental health
	Introduction
	Toward an overview of the major ethical issues in global mental health
		Ethical issues relevant to global collaboration in mental health
			Global mental health as cultural and ethical imperialism
			Power disparities in research collaborations
			Ethical implications of choosing global mental health as a career
			Oversight by RECs in different countries
		Ethical issues related to global mental health research
		Ethical issues associated with global mental health care
			Ethical issues associated with providing care in severely resource-strained contexts
			Ethical implications of stigmatizing causal ascriptions and clashing explanatory models of mental disorder
	Toward a more comprehensive paradigm for global mental health ethics
	Conclusion
	References
Index
	A
	B
	C
	D
	E
	F
	G
	H
	I
	J
	K
	L
	M
	N
	O
	P
	R
	S
	T
	U
	V
	W
	Y
Back Cover