Georgian: A Comprehensive Grammar

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Half Title
Series
Title
Copyright
Contents
Acknowledgements
Georgian language and alphabet
	Chapter 1 Place of the Georgian language among the South Caucasian languages
	Chapter 2 The Georgian alphabet
Phonology
	Chapter 3 Sound system of the Georgian language
		3.1 Classification of consonants
			3.1.1 Consonant triples
			3.1.2 Consonant pairs
			3.1.3 Single consonants
			3.1.4 Structure of consonant clusters
		3.2 Classification of vowels
			3.2.1 Backness
			3.2.2 Height
			3.2.3 Triangle of vowels
Morphology
	Chapter 4 Nouns
		4.1 Noun groups
			4.1.1 Animate and inanimate nouns
			4.1.2 Concrete and abstract nouns
			4.1.3 Proper and common nouns
			4.1.4 Collective nouns
			4.1.5 Noncount nouns
		4.2 Grammatical categories of nouns
			4.2.1 Case and number markers
			4.2.2 Function of cases
		4.3 Declension of nouns
			4.3.1 Declension of common nouns
				4.3.1.1 Declension of consonant-stem non-syncopating common nouns
				4.3.1.2 Declension of consonant-stem syncopating common nouns
				4.3.1.3 Consonant-stem common nouns with irregular syncopation patterns
				4.3.1.4 Declension of vowel-stem common nouns
				4.3.1.5 Declension of vowel-stem non-truncating common nouns
				4.3.1.6 Declension of vowel-stem truncating common nouns
				4.3.1.7 Vowel-stem common nouns with irregular declension patterns
				4.3.1.8 Declension of vowel-stem truncating common nouns with syncope
		4.4 Declension of proper names
			4.4.1 Declension of consonant-stem personal names
			4.4.2 Declension of consonant-stem geographic names
			4.4.3 Declension of vowel-stem given names
			4.4.4 Declension of vowel-stem family names
			4.4.5 Declension of given and family names together
			4.4.6 Vowel-stem geographic names
				4.4.6.1 Non-truncating geographic names
				4.4.6.2 Truncating geographic names
	Chapter 5 Adjectives
		5.1 Groups of adjectives
			5.1.1 Derivative adjectives
		5.2 Comparative and superlative adjectives
		5.3 Declension of adjectives
			5.3.1 Declension of adjectives without nouns
			5.3.2 Declension of adjectives preceding nouns
				5.3.2.1 Declension of vowel-stem adjectives preceding nouns
				5.3.2.2 Declension of consonant stem adjectives preceding nouns
	Chapter 6 Numerals
		6.1 Types of numerals
			6.1.1 Cardinal numerals
			6.1.2 Spelling of cardinal numerals
		6.2 Ordinal and fractional numerals
		6.3 Declension of numerals
			6.3.1 Declension of consonant-stem cardinal numerals
				6.3.1.1 Declension of consonant-stem cardinal numerals
				6.3.1.2 Declension of consonant-stem quantifiers
			6.3.2 Declension of vowel-stem numerals
				6.3.2.1 Declension of vowel-stem cardinal numerals
				6.3.2.2 Declension of vowel-stem quantifiers
				6.3.2.3 Declension of vowel stem ordinal numerals
			6.3.3 Declension of cardinal numerals extended by particles
			6.3.4 Declension of numerals followed by nouns
				6.3.4.1 Declension of vowel-stem numerals followed by nouns
				6.3.4.2 Declension of consonant-stem cardinal numerals followed by nouns
			6.3.5 Declension of numerals followed by numerals
	Chapter 7 Pronouns
		7.1 Personal pronouns and their declension
		7.2 Reflexive pronouns
		7.3 Possessive pronouns and their declension
			7.3.1 Declension of possessive pronouns with nouns
		7.4 Demonstrative pronouns
			7.4.1 Declension of demonstrative pronouns
			7.4.2 Declension of demonstrative pronouns preceding nouns
			7.4.3 Declension of demonstrative pronouns with added particles separately and with nouns
		7.5 Interrogative pronouns and their declension
			7.5.1 Declension of interrogative pronouns preceding nouns
		7.6 Possessive-interrogative pronouns and their declension
			7.6.1 Declension of possessive-interrogative pronouns preceding nouns
		7.7 Negative pronouns and their declension
		7.8 Definite pronouns and their declension
			7.8.1 Declension of definite pronouns preceding nouns
		7.9 Indefinite pronouns and their declension
			7.9.1 Declension of indefinite pronouns preceding nouns
		7.10 Reciprocal pronouns and their declension
		7.11 Relative pronouns and their declension
	Chapter 8 Compounds
		8.1 Semantics of compounds
		8.2 Structure of compounds
			8.2.1 Compounds with reduplicated stems
			8.2.2 Compounds with different stems
			8.2.3 Closed compounds
	Chapter 9 Verbs
		9.1 Person and number of the verb
			9.1.1 Persons and actants
			9.1.2 Subject and number markers
			9.1.3 Direct/indirect object and number markers
			9.1.4 Subject and object cases
			9.1.5 Inversion of subject and object markers
			9.1.6 Grammatical and actual verb persons
		9.2 Preverbs
			9.2.1 Structure of preverbs
			9.2.2 Functions of preverbs
		9.3 Voice and transitivity of verbs
			9.3.1 Active voice
			9.3.2 Passive voice
				9.3.2.1 Suffixal passive voice verbs
				9.3.2.2 Prefixal passive voice verbs
				9.3.2.3 Root passive voice verbs
			9.3.3 Medial verbs
				9.3.3.1 Medio-active verbs
				9.3.3.2 Medio-passive verbs
		9.4 Version
			9.4.1 Neutral and locative versions
			9.4.2 Subjective version
			9.4.3 Objective version
		9.5 Tense and its subcategories
			9.5.1 Mood
			9.5.2 Aspect
		9.6 Conjugation of verbs
			9.6.1 I series
				9.6.1.1 Present subseries
				9.6.1.2 Future subseries
			9.6.2 II series
				9.6.2.1 Aorist
				9.6.2.2 Optative
			9.6.3 III series
				9.6.3.1 Perfect
				9.6.3.2 Pluperfect
				9.6.3.3 Perfect subjunctive
		9.7 Irregular verbs
			9.7.1 Irregular verbs with changing stems in agreement with a plural subject
			9.7.2 Irregular verbs with changing stems in agreement with a plural direct object
			9.7.3 Honorific verbs of polite conversation
			9.7.4 Irregular verbs with changing stems by tense
			9.7.5 Irregular verbs with changing stems by aspect
		9.8 Verbal nouns
			9.8.1 Gerund and its derivation
			9.8.2 Participles
				9.8.2.1 Active voice participles
				9.8.2.2 Passive voice participles
				9.8.2.3 Medial voice participles
	Chapter 10 Adverbs
		10.1 Primary and derivative adverbs
		10.2 Semantic groups of adverbs
	Chapter 11 Postpositions
	Chapter 12 Conjunctions
		12.1 Coordinating conjunctions
			12.1.1 Correlative conjunctions
			12.1.2 Separating conjunctions
			12.1.3 Contrastive conjunctions
			12.1.4 Equating conjunctions
		12.2 Subordinating conjunctions
	Chapter 13 Particles
		13.1 Interrogative particles
		13.2 Limiting particles
		13.3 Negation particles
		13.4 Affirmative particles
		13.5 Reported speech particles
		13.6 Approximating particles
		13.7 Emphasizing particles
		13.8 Particles expressing wish or desire
		13.9 Selective particles
		13.10 Particles expressing possibility or supposition
		13.11 Imitative particles
		13.12 Indicative particles
		13.13 Particle denoting frequency of action
		13.14 Particle denoting not witnessed action
		13.15 Parts of speech functioning as particles
	Chapter 14 Interjections
Syntactic structures
	Chapter 15 Noun phrase
		15.1 Noun/subject
		15.2 Noun/direct and indirect objects
		15.3 Adjectives
			15.3.1 Attributive adjectives
			15.3.2 Genitive modifier
	Chapter 16 Verb phrase
		16.1 Predicate
			16.1.1 Simple predicate
			16.1.2 Compound predicate and its structure
		16.2 Adjunct object
		16.3 Predicative adjective
		16.4 Adverbial modifiers
	Chapter 17 Syntactic pairs
		17.1 Number of syntactic pairs in a sentence
		17.2 Types of word relations within syntactic pairs
			17.2.1 Coordination
			17.2.2 Subordination
		17.3 Increasing and decreasing basic parts of a sentence
			17.3.1 Increasing the number of actants in a sentence
				17.3.1.1 Increasing the number of actants with causative verbs
				17.3.1.2 Increasing the number of actants by changing version
				17.3.1.3 Increasing the number of actants with preverbs
			17.3.2 Decreasing the number of actants in a sentence
				17.3.2.1 Conversion
	Chapter 18 Modality of sentences
		18.1 Declarative sentence
		18.2 Interrogative sentence
		18.3 Imperative and exclamative sentences
		18.4 Interrogative-exclamative sentence
	Chapter 19 Structure of sentences
		19.1 Simple sentences
			19.1.1 Unextended and extended sentences
			19.1.2 Complete and incomplete sentences
			19.1.3 Sentences without or with omitted subjects
			19.1.4 Noun-sentence
		19.2 Sentence with coordinated parts
			19.2.1 Coordinated parts
				19.2.1.1 Joining coordinated parts
		19.3 Coordinated parts in syntactic pairs
			19.3.1 Compound predicates
			19.3.2 Compound subjects
			19.3.3 Coordinated direct objects
			19.3.4 Coordinated indirect objects
		19.4 Parenthetical words and phrases
			19.4.1 Appositive
			19.4.2 Free modifiers
			19.4.3 Asides
			19.4.4 Addressing formulas and expressions
	Chapter 20 Complex sentences
		20.1 Complex coordinate sentence
		20.2 Complex subordinate sentence
		20.3 Adverbial clause of condition
		20.4 Adverbial clause of concession
		20.5 Adverbial clause of result
		20.6 The compound-complex sentence
			20.6.1 Compound sentence with several subordinate clauses
			20.6.2 Mixed sentences
		20.7 Direct and indirect speech
Bibliography
Index