Geometric Tolerancing Standard to Machine Design: A Design-for-Fit Approach

Preface
Contents
Chapter 1: Dimensions and Tolerances
	1.1 Overview
	1.2 Evolution of Tolerancing
	1.3 Geometric Versus Dimensional Tolerances
	1.4 Features and Tolerances
	1.5 Importance of Clear Geometry Communication Practices
	1.6 Functional Feature Vocabulary
	1.7 Preferred Practices in Dimensioning
	1.8 How to Successfully Dimension a Part
	1.9 Figures of Accuracy for Dimensions
	Exercise Problems
	Reference
Chapter 2: Tolerance Design for Unconstrained Fits Between Two Parts Part I: Fit Formulas
	2.1 Overview
	2.2 Unconstrained Fits Versus Constrained Fits
	2.3 Fit Assurance Between Two Features in an Unconstrained Fit
	2.4 How to Learn to Use Geometric Tolerances Most Efficiently
	2.5 Meaning of +/− Tolerances Applied to Features of Size
	2.6 Format of Geometric Tolerances
	2.7 General Meaning of Geometric Tolerances
	2.8 Fit and Play Formulas
	2.9 Important Points About How to Solve Tolerancing Problems
	2.10 Default Form Control Implied by Limits of Size
	2.11 Use of Zero Geometric Tolerance at MMC
	2.12 Fit Formula When Using Zero Geometric Tolerancing at MMC
	2.13 Unconstrained Interference Fits
	2.14 Geometric Tolerances Introduced in This Chapter
	2.15 The Design for Fit Tolerance Synthesis Program (DFFTSP): An Introduction
	Exercise Problems
Chapter 3: Tolerance Design for Unconstrained Fits Between Two Parts Part II: Precision Fits
	3.1 Overview
	3.2 An Overview of the Limits and Fits Standard (ANSI B4.2)
	3.3 Preferred Sizes
	3.4 Offset Letters (Fundamental Deviation Indicator Letters)
	3.5 International Tolerance Grades
	3.6 Preferred Fits
		Five Classes of Named Preferred Fits for Clearance Fits
			H11/c11 Loose Running Fit
			H9/d9 Free Running Fit
			H8/f7 Close Running Fit
			H7/g6 Sliding Fit
			H7/h6 Locational Clearance Fit
		Two Classes of Named Preferred Fits for Transition Fits
			H7/k6 Locational Transition Fit I
			H7/n6 Locational Transition Fit II
		Three Classes of Named Preferred Fits for Interference Fits
			H7/p6 Locational Interference Fit
			H7/s6 Medium Drive Fit
			H7/u6 Force Fit
	3.7 Dependency of Offsets and Tolerance Grades on Basic Size
	3.8 Tolerance Design Examples in Precision Fit Applications
	3.9 DFFTSP: Unconstrained Fits
	Exercise Problems
Chapter 4: Tolerance Design for Orientation-Constrained Fits Between Two Parts
	4.1 Overview
	4.2 The Fit Boundary and the Theoretical Gage
	4.3 The Meaning of Perpendicularity
	4.4 A Word on Inspection
	4.5 MMC Boundary as a Fit Boundary
	4.6 Datum Feature Flatness
	4.7 Meaning of Surface Flatness Tolerance Statement
	4.8 Is It Necessary to Specify Form Control Like Axis Straightness?
	4.9 Geometric Tolerances Introduced in This Chapter
	4.10 DFFTSP: Design for Orientation-Constrained Fits
	Exercise Problems
Chapter 5: Tolerance Design for Location-Constrained Fits Between Two Parts
	5.1 Overview
	5.2 The Fit Boundary and the Theoretical Gage
	5.3 Datum Priority
	5.4 Datum Frame Precision
	5.5 Meaning of the Position Tolerance
	5.6 Fit of Feature Patterns
	5.7 Simultaneous Fit of Different Features
		An Important Guideline
	5.8 Additional Alignment Fit Features
	5.9 Geometric Tolerances Introduced in This Chapter
	5.10 DFFTSP: Location-Constrained Fits
	Exercise Problems
Chapter 6: Assemblies with Threaded Fasteners
	6.1 Overview
	6.2 Fits Using Threaded Studs or Screws
	6.3 Fits Using Full-Length Threaded Studs
	6.4 Fits Using Threaded Press-Fit Studs
	6.5 Assembly with Cap Screws and Threaded Holes
	6.6 Assembly of Two Plates with Loose Bolts and Nuts
	6.7 Fastener Applications – I
	6.8 Fastener Applications – II
	6.9 Fastener Applications – III
	6.10 Fastener Applications – IV
	6.11 Fastener Applications – V
	6.12 Geometric Tolerances Introduced in This Chapter
	6.13 DFFTSP: Fasteners
	Exercise Problems
Chapter 7: Tolerance of Profile and Default Tolerances
	7.1 Overview
	7.2 Default Tolerancing Methods
	7.3 Profile Tolerances
	7.4 Profile Tolerances in Place of ± Tolerances
	7.5 Orienting or Locating with Respect to an Axis or Center Plane
	7.6 A Simple Example
	7.7 Datum Targets
	7.8 Default Tolerancing and Small Features
	7.9 Default Tolerances for Fillets and Rounds
	7.10 Geometric Tolerances Introduced in this Chapter
	Exercise Problems
Chapter 8: Tolerance Design and Analysis of Multipart Fits
	8.1 Overview
	8.2 Example 1: A Two-Part Fit
	8.3 Vector-Based Analysis Procedure
	8.4 Example 2: A Simple Three-Part Problem
	8.5 Problem Types
	8.6 Example 3: A Simple Four-Part Assembly
	8.7 Example 4: A Four-Part Fit
	8.8 Example 5: Retaining Ring Fit on a Gearbox Shaft
	8.9 Example 6: Thermal Expansion Gap of a Gearbox Shaft
	8.10 Example 7: An Assembly with Two-Part Fits
	8.11 Example 8: Fit Formula for a Floating Fastener Assembly
	8.12 Example 9: A Two-Dimensional Tolerance Analysis
	8.13 Example 10: An Assembly with Multiple Loose Fits
	8.14 Example 11: Another Multipart Fit with Multiple Loose Fits
	8.15 Example 12: An Assembly with a Press-Fit Insert
	Exercise Problems
Chapter 9: A Description of Other Geometric Tolerance Statements
	9.1 Tolerances of Size
	9.2 Tolerances of Form
	9.3 Flatness
	9.4 Straightness
	9.5 Circularity
	9.6 Cylindricity
	9.7 Tolerances of Orientation
	9.8 Parallelism
	9.9 Perpendicularity
	9.10 Angularity
	9.11 Tolerances of Location
	9.12 Position Tolerance
	9.13 Meaning of Ⓜ Modifier Applied to Datum Features
	9.14 Composite Position Tolerances
	9.15 Composite Position Tolerance: Multiple Segments
	9.16 Composite Position Tolerance: Single Segment
	9.17 Runout Tolerances
	9.18 Total Runout
	9.19 Composite Profile Tolerances
	9.20 The Meaning of the Ⓛ Modifier for Subject Features
	Exercise Problems
Index