Geodynamics of the Western Pacific-Indonesian Region

Title Page\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0......Page 3
Copyright\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0......Page 4
Contents\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0......Page 5
Foreword\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0......Page 8
Preface\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0......Page 10
Introduction......Page 14
Modern Seismicity 1964-1975......Page 15
Kinematics of Major Plates......Page 18
Great Earthquakes in the Western Pacific Region......Page 20
Focal Mechanisms and Regional Tectonics......Page 27
Conclusions......Page 44
References......Page 45
Introduction......Page 50
Present heights of the former shorelines in and around the Pacific......Page 51
Discussion and conclusion......Page 55
References......Page 57
Mass Anomaly at the West Pacific Margin......Page 60
Interpretation of the Mass Anomalies......Page 63
Causative Agency......Page 67
Conclusions......Page 68
References......Page 70
I. The Shatsky-Mid-Pacific Basin Morphology......Page 72
The Sediment Cover......Page 74
Depth-Versus Age Correlation......Page 75
II The Central Pacific Morphology and Crustal Age......Page 77
Depth Versus Age Correlation......Page 78
Discussion......Page 80
References......Page 81
Maximum Trench Depth-Age of Subducting Plate Relationship......Page 84
Trench Depth-Age of Subducting Plate Relationship for Individual Trenches......Page 88
Trench-Basin Depth Differential......Page 91
Discussion......Page 92
Conclusion......Page 95
References......Page 96
Introduction......Page 100
Models of Entrapment......Page 102
Arctic Basin......Page 103
Bering Sea......Page 104
Okhotsk Sea......Page 106
West Philippine Basin......Page 107
References......Page 111
Introduction......Page 114
Ocean bottom seismometers used for these experiments......Page 115
Experiment in the Marianas Sea......Page 117
Experiment in the area to the east of the Ogasawara Bonin Islands......Page 122
Experiment in the Northwestern Pacific in 1977......Page 124
Conclusions......Page 128
References......Page 129
Introduction......Page 130
Results......Page 131
Acknowledgement......Page 133
References......Page 134
Regional Setting......Page 136
Lithologic Descriptions......Page 137
Correlation of Laboratory and Refraction Data......Page 138
Summary......Page 143
References......Page 144
Summary of Geochronological Studies of Submarine Rocks from the Western Pacific Ocean......Page 146
References......Page 151
Introduction......Page 152
Phenocryst Assemblages and H20 Contents in Magmas......Page 153
Phenocryst assemblages of circum-Pacific arc volcanic rocks......Page 156
Petrogenetic considerations......Page 159
Summary......Page 160
References......Page 161
Introduction......Page 168
Regional Geology......Page 169
Petrographic Descriptions......Page 171
Geochemistry......Page 175
Discussion......Page 178
References......Page 179
Introduction......Page 182
Analytical Methods......Page 185
Petrologic Character of Volcanic Rocks of thePalau-Kyushu and West Mariana Ridges......Page 186
Conclusions......Page 193
References......Page 194
Introduction\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0......Page 198
Kuril Trench\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0......Page 200
Sakhalin- Hokkaido\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0......Page 203
Sea of Okhotsk\r......Page 204
Seismicity and Recent Plate Tectonics\r......Page 211
History of Plate and Micorplate Motions Within the Sea of Okhotsk During Neogene-quaternary Time\r......Page 221
History of Plate Motions Within the Sea Of Okhotsk Region During the Late Cretaceous and Early Tertiary\r......Page 223
References\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0......Page 227
Seismofocal Zones......Page 232
Anomalies of Seismic Wave Velocities......Page 234
Focal Mechanisms......Page 236
Asthenospheric Layers......Page 237
A Model of Upper Mantle Processes......Page 239
The Possible Role of the Focal Zone in the Formation and Evolution of Structures in the Transitional Zone......Page 242
References......Page 243
Distribution of Heat Flow inthe Region......Page 246
Temperature Distribution Within the Earth\'s Crust and Upper Mantle......Page 248
Comparison of Temperature Distribution With Other Geophysical Data......Page 250
Discussion......Page 251
Hypothetical Model of the Formation of Partial Melting Zones in the Upper Mantle......Page 252
References......Page 254
Introduction......Page 258
Bathymetry......Page 261
Geophysical fields......Page 263
Tectonics......Page 264
Geological Development......Page 290
References......Page 292
Introduction\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0......Page 296
Subsidence of the Kyushu-Palau Ridge and its Synchronism With Opening of the Shikoku Basin and The Parece Vela Basin \r......Page 297
Subsidence and Northward Drift of Daito Ridge,amami Plateau and Benham Rise Accompanied By Opening of the West Philippine Basin\r......Page 299
Cenozoic Volcanism and Tectonism of the Southwestern Japan in Harmony With Subduction at Nankai Trough\r......Page 302
A Model of the Subduction Cycle\r......Page 305
Cenozoic Activity of the Northeastern Japan and Cycle of Subduction\r......Page 306
References\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0......Page 307
Introduction......Page 312
Geologic Terranes in Japan......Page 314
Oblique Subduction, Strike-Slip Tectonics and the Evolution of Japan......Page 318
Conclusion......Page 319
References......Page 321
General Features of Northeast Japan......Page 326
Results......Page 329
Discussion......Page 332
References......Page 337
2. Setouchi Volcanic Belt......Page 340
3. Origin of Sanukitoids......Page 343
4. Setouchi Volcanic Belt and Shikoku Inter-arc Basin......Page 347
References......Page 348
Compilation of Geophysical data......Page 352
Cross-Sectional Views of the Japanese Islands\r......Page 353
Discussion and Conclusion......Page 361
References......Page 363
Velocity Analysis......Page 364
Discussions and conclusions......Page 370
References......Page 378
Introduction......Page 380
Possible Thermal Effect......Page 383
Appendix......Page 386
References......Page 387
Introduction......Page 388
Synthesis of the Pacific-Type Orogeny......Page 390
Tectonic Evolution of Taiwan in the Ryukyu-Taiwan-Luzon Arc System......Page 393
References......Page 394
Regular Tectonic Development During Precenozoic\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0......Page 396
Complication by Northward Drift of the Australian Continent\r......Page 397
Complication by the Westward Drift of the Pacific Plate\r......Page 403
Concluding Remarks\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0......Page 406
References\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0......Page 407
Introduction......Page 410
Continuity of the Volcanic Line......Page 412
The Weber Basin......Page 414
The Australian Margin......Page 415
Magnetic Soundings and Volcanic Offsets......Page 416
Sumba and the Start of the Arc\r......Page 417
Buru and the End of the Arc......Page 418
References......Page 419
Earthquake Stress Directions 1929-1973......Page 422
Lawu Earthquake Swarm......Page 425
Lahad Datu Earthquake 1976, East Sabah......Page 428
Camplong Earthquake of 1975, Western Timor......Page 429
References......Page 430
Geometry for homogeneous strain......Page 432
References......Page 463