Genetic and genomic resources of grain legume improvement

Front Cover......Page 1
Genetic and Genomic\rResources of Grain Legume\rImprovement......Page 4
Copyright Page......Page 5
Contents......Page 6
Preface......Page 12
List of Contributors......Page 14
1 Introduction......Page 18
1.1 Common Bean......Page 19
1.2 Pea......Page 20
1.3 Chickpea......Page 21
1.4 Faba Bean......Page 22
1.6 Lentil......Page 23
1.8 Peanut......Page 24
1.9 Asian Vigna......Page 25
1.10 Grass Pea......Page 26
References......Page 27
2.1 Introduction......Page 28
2.2 Taxonomy, Origin, Distribution and Diversity of Cultivated Phaseolus vulgaris......Page 29
2.3 Introduction and Dissemination in Europe......Page 32
2.4 Status of Germplasm Resources Conservation (Ex-Situ, In-Situ, On-Farm)......Page 37
2.5 Germplasm Evaluation and Use......Page 38
2.6 A Glimpse at Crop Improvement......Page 40
2.7 Biochemical and Molecular Diversity......Page 42
2.8 The Germplasm Safeguarded Through the Attribution of Quality Marks......Page 45
2.9.1 Ganxet Bean......Page 47
2.9.3 Fagiolo del Purgatorio di Gradoli......Page 49
References......Page 51
3.2 Origin, Distribution, Diversity and Systematics......Page 58
3.2.1 Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Diversity......Page 60
3.2.2 Biosystematics and Taxonomy......Page 61
3.3.1 Conservation of Cultivated Gene Pool......Page 64
3.3.2 Conservation of the Wild Gene Pool......Page 70
3.3.3 Pea Mutant Collections......Page 71
3.4 Germplasm Characterization and Evaluation......Page 72
3.4.1.1 Abiotic Stress......Page 75
3.4.1.2 Biotic Stresses......Page 77
3.5.1 Pea Core Collections......Page 78
3.5.2 Genetic Resource Databases......Page 79
3.5.3 Bioinformatics of Germplasm Evaluation Data Sets......Page 80
3.6 Limitations in Germplasm Use......Page 81
3.7 Germplasm Enhancement Through Wide Crosses......Page 83
3.8 Pea Genomic Resources......Page 84
3.9 Conclusions......Page 86
References......Page 87
4.1 Introduction......Page 98
4.2 Origin, Distribution, Diversity and Taxonomy......Page 99
4.2.1 Gene Pool......Page 101
4.3 Erosion of Genetic Diversity from the Traditional Areas......Page 102
4.5 Germplasm Evaluation and Maintenance......Page 103
4.6.1 Status of Germplasm in Chickpea Improvement......Page 106
4.6.2.2 Mini-Core Collection......Page 107
4.6.2.3 Composite Collection and Reference Set......Page 108
Resistance to Insect Pests......Page 110
Drought......Page 111
Salinity......Page 112
Large Seed Size......Page 113
4.7 Limitations in Germplasm Use......Page 114
4.8 Germplasm Enhancement Through Wide Crosses......Page 115
4.9.1 Molecular Markers and Genotyping Platforms......Page 116
4.9.2 Genetic Maps and Trait Mapping......Page 118
4.9.3 Molecular Breeding......Page 119
4.10 Conclusions......Page 120
References......Page 121
5.1 Introduction......Page 130
5.2 Origin, Distribution, Diversity and Taxonomy......Page 131
5.2.1 Genetic Diversity in Faba Bean......Page 133
5.3 Erosion of Genetic Diversity from the Traditional Areas......Page 135
5.4 Status of Germplasm Resources Conservation......Page 136
5.6 Use of Genetic Diversity in Faba Bean Breeding......Page 137
5.6.1 Breeding for Abiotic Stresses......Page 138
5.6.2 Breeding for Biotic Stresses......Page 139
5.7 Germplasm Enhancement Through Wide Crosses......Page 142
5.8 Faba Bean Genomic Resources......Page 143
5.8.1 Current QTLs Available in Faba Bean......Page 144
References......Page 145
6.1 Introduction......Page 154
6.2 Origin, Distribution, Diversity and Taxonomy......Page 155
6.3 Erosion of Genetic Diversity from the Traditional Areas......Page 156
6.4 Status of Germplasm Resources Conservation......Page 157
6.5 Germplasm Evaluation and Maintenance......Page 158
6.6.2 Resistance to Virus Diseases......Page 159
6.6.5 Seed Coat Colour and Texture......Page 160
6.8 Germplasm Enhancement Through Wide Crosses......Page 161
6.9.1 Genetic Diversity......Page 162
6.9.2 Genetic Linkage Mapping......Page 163
6.9.3 Molecular Breeding......Page 164
6.9.4 Genetic Transformation......Page 165
References......Page 167
7.2 Origin, Distribution, Diversity and Taxonomy......Page 174
7.4.1 Ex Situ Conservation......Page 180
7.5 Germplasm Evaluation and Maintenance......Page 182
7.6 Use of Germplasm in Crop Improvement......Page 184
7.7 Limitations in Germplasm Use......Page 185
7.8 Germplasm Enhancement Through Wide Crosses......Page 186
7.9 Lentil Genomic Resources......Page 187
7.10 Conclusions......Page 188
References......Page 189
8.1 Introduction......Page 198
8.2 Origin, Distribution, Diversity and Taxonomy......Page 199
8.3 Erosion of Genetic Diversity from the Traditional Areas......Page 201
8.4 Status of Germplasm Resources Conservation......Page 202
8.5.1 Diversity in the Collection......Page 203
8.6 Germplasm Maintenance......Page 205
8.7.1.2 Resistance to Insects......Page 207
8.8 Limitations in Germplasm Use......Page 208
8.9 Germplasm Enhancement Through Wide Crosses......Page 209
8.10.2 Molecular Markers......Page 211
8.10.4 Linkage Maps and Trait Mapping......Page 213
8.11 Conclusions......Page 214
References......Page 215
9.1 Introduction......Page 220
9.2.1 Arachis Species......Page 221
9.2.2 Arachis hypogaea......Page 225
9.3 Genomic Affinities and Speciation......Page 228
9.5 Status of Germplasm Resources Conservation......Page 231
9.6.1.1 Arachis hypogaea......Page 233
9.6.2 Evaluation......Page 234
9.7 Use of Germplasm in Crop Improvement......Page 236
9.8 Limitations in Germplasm Use......Page 237
9.9 Germplasm Enhancement Through Wide Crosses......Page 238
9.10.2 Molecular Maps of Peanut......Page 240
9.10.5 Linking Agronomic Traits with Markers......Page 241
9.11.2 Peanut Transformation......Page 242
References......Page 243
10.1 Introduction......Page 254
10.2 Origin, Distribution and Diversity......Page 257
10.3.1 Exploration and Collection......Page 259
10.3.3 Germplasm Evaluation......Page 261
10.4 Germplasm Utilization......Page 265
10.5 Limitations in Germplasm Use......Page 271
10.6 Vigna Species Genomic Resources......Page 274
10.7 Conclusions......Page 277
References......Page 278
11.2 Origin, Distribution, Diversity and Taxonomy......Page 286
11.4 Phylogenetic Relationships and Genetic Diversity......Page 289
11.5 Erosion of Genetic Diversity from the Traditional Areas......Page 291
11.6 Status of Germplasm Resources Conservation......Page 292
11.7 Germplasm Evaluation......Page 294
11.8 Use of Germplasm in Crop Improvement......Page 299
11.10 Germplasm Enhancement Through Wide Crosses......Page 300
11.11 Grass Pea Genomic Resources......Page 301
References......Page 302
12.1 Introduction......Page 310
12.2 Origin, Distribution, Diversity and Taxonomy......Page 311
12.3 Erosion of Genetic Diversity from the Traditional Areas......Page 312
12.4 Status of Germplasm Resources Conservation......Page 313
12.5 Germplasm Evaluation and Maintenance......Page 314
12.6 Use of Germplasm in Crop Improvement......Page 316
12.7 Germplasm Enhancement Through Wide Crosses......Page 317
12.8 Horsegram Genomic Resources......Page 318
References......Page 319