General Pathology Student Guide: With AMBOSS Shortcuts

Preface
Acknowledgement
Editors
Authors
Senior Reviewer
What does a pathologist do?
Contents
Review of Histology
Inflammatory Pathology
	1.1 Lobar Pneumonia
	1.2 Acute Appendicitis
		Hematoxylin - Eosin
		Macroscopy:
		Microscopy:
		Definition:
		Etiology/Pathogenesis:
		Clinical Info/Symptoms:
		Diagnostics:
		Therapy:
		Radiology:
	1.3 Acute and Chronic Cholecystitis
		Macroscopy:
		Microscopy:
		Definition/Etiology/Pathogenesis:
		Clinical Info/Symptoms:
		Diagnostics:
		Therapy:
		Radiology:
	1.4 Chronic Gastric Ulcer
		Macroscopy:
		Microscopy:
		Definition:
		Etiology/Pathogenesis:
		Clinical Info/Symptoms:
		Diagnostics:
		Therapy:
		Radiology:
	1.5 Meningitis
		Macroscopy:
		Microscopy:
		Definition:
		Etiology/Pathogenesis:
		Clinical Info/Symptoms:
		Diagnostics:
		Therapy:
		Radiology:
	1.6 Gout (Foreign Body-induced Inflammation)
		Macroscopy:
		Microscopy:
		Definition:
		Etiology/Pathogenesis:
		Clinical Info/Symptoms:
		Diagnostics:
		Therapy:
		Radiology:
Infectious Diseases
	Infectious Diseases 2
	Overview of Gram-positive and negative Bacteria
	Some Gram-positive organisms can be further identified by appearance and enzyme activity:
	Gram-negative organisms may be differentiated based on their Gram stain morphology:
	Of note, bacteria frequently colonize the human body (e.g. skin, colon, vagina) without causing any diseases.However, when the normal barrier of host defense (intact skin, mucous membrane, immune system) fail, aninfection may occur. This table lists some common organisms and the infection/diseases they may cause.
	2.1 Bacterial Myocarditis (Sepsis)
		Hematoxylin - Eosin
		Macroscopy:
		Microscopy:
		Definition:
		Etiology/Pathogenesis:
		Clinical Info/Symptoms:
		Diagnostics:
		Therapy:
		Radiology:
	2.2 Esophageal Candidiasis
		GMS (silver stain)
		Macroscopy:
		Microscopy:
		Definition:
		Etiology/Pathogenesis:
		Clinical Info/Symptoms:
		Diagnostics:
		Therapy:
	2.3 Fungal Pneumonia (Aspergillosis)
		Hematoxylin and Eosin
		Macroscopy:
		Microscopy:
		Microscopy:
		Definition:
		Etiology/Pathogenesis:
		Clinical Info/
		Symptoms:
		Diagnostics:
		Diagnostics:
		Therapy:
		Radiology:
		General:
		Immunocompromised with invasive aspergillosis (Has three different entities):
		Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) (immunocompetent):
		Aspergillosis involving the heart:
	2.4 Pneumocystis Pneumonia
		Periodic acid-silver methenamine (PASM) counterstained with H&E
		Macroscopy:
		Microscopy:
		Definition:
		Etiology/Pathogenesis:
		Clinical Info/Symptoms:
		Diagnostics:
		Therapy:
		Radiology:
	2.5 Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Pneumonia
Cellular Adaptation: Hypertrophy, Hyperplasia, Atrophy
	3.1 Myocardial Hypertrophy
	3.2 Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
	3.3 Thyroid Goiter (Hyperplasia)
	3.4 Hydronephrosis (Atrophy)
	3.5 Pulmonary Emphysema
Cell Death: Necrosis, Apoptosis
	4.1 Coagulation Necrosis (Kidney Infarction)
	4.2 Liquefactive Necrosis (Encephalomalacia)
	4.3 Caseous Necrosis (Tuberculosis)
	4.4 Fat Necrosis (Acute Pancreatitis)
	4.5 Gangrenous Necrosis (Wet Gangrene, Peripheral Arterial Disease)
Circulatory Diseases and Disorders
	5.1 Arterial Thromboembolism (White/Precipitation Thrombus)
	5.2 Venous Thromboembolism (Red/Coagulation Thrombus)
	5.3 Hyaline Microthrombi
	5.4 Pulmonary Embolism
Vascular Pathology and Myocardial Infarction
	6.1 Atherosclerosis (Aorta)
	6.2 Atherosclerosis (Coronary Artery Disease)
	6.3 Cystic Medial Degeneration/Necrosis
	6.4 Myocardial Infarction
Immunopathology
	7.1 Bronchial Asthma
	7.2 Rheumatic Myocarditis
	7.3 Lymphocytic Thyroiditis (Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis)
	7.4 Graves\' Disease
	7.5 Temporal/Giant Cell Arteritis
	7.6 Vascular Rejection Of Kidney Transplant
Pathologic Regeneration
	8.1 Leukoplakia
	8.2 Carcinoma in-situ and Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Esophagus
	8.3 Barrett’s Esophagus
	8.4 Barrett’s Esophagus Cancer (Adenocarcinoma)
	8.5 Chronic Gastritis with Intestinal Metaplasia and Dysplasia
	8.6 Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Grade 2-3
Epithelial Tumors
	9.1 Papilloma (Oral)
	9.2 Non-invasive Papillary Urothelial Carcinoma, lowand high-grade
	9.3 Tubulovillous Adenoma of the Rectum with Low-grade Dysplasia
	9.4 Basal Cell Carcinoma (Nodular Type)
	9.5 Prostate Cancer
Non-Epithelial Tumors
	10.1 Lipoma
	10.2 Cavernous Hemangioma (Liver)
	10.3 Leiomyoma (Uterine)
	10.4 Leiomyosarcoma
	10.5 Melanocytic Nevus (Compound Type)
Appendix
	List of Abbreviations
	References