General Histology of the Mammal: An Atlas for Students of Medicine and Biology

Front Matter....Pages I-XVI
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Origin of Tissues....Pages 2-3
Some Basic Terms: Differentiation, Tissue, Histology, Histophysiology, Closed and Wide-Meshed Cell Unions....Pages 4-5
Four Tissue Groups....Pages 6-7
Growth, Regeneration, Hyperplasia, Hypertrophy, Atrophy, Involution, Degeneration, and Necrosis....Pages 8-9
Metaplasia....Pages 10-11
Transplantation, Implantation, and Explantation....Pages 12-13
Front Matter....Pages 15-15
Classification of Surface Epithelia. Modified from B UCHER 1980....Pages 16-17
Localization of Various Surface Epithelia....Pages 18-19
Surface Epithelia. Simple Squamous Epithelium. Example: Vascular Endothelial Cells from a Small Vein of the Rat....Pages 20-21
Surface Epithelia. Simple Squamous Epithelium. Example: Endothelium of the Rat Cornea....Pages 22-23
Surface Epithelia. Simple Cuboidal Epithelium. Example: Distal Tubule of the Nephron....Pages 24-25
Surface Epithelia. Simple Cuboidal Epithelium from the Rat Choroid Plexus....Pages 26-27
Surface Epithelia. Simple Cuboidal Epithelium. Example: Pigment Epithelium of Human and Mouse Retina....Pages 28-29
Surface Epithelia. Simple Columnar Epithelium from the Rat Jejunum....Pages 30-31
Surface Epithelia. Simple Columnar Epithelium. Example: Collecting Tubule of the Rat Kidney....Pages 32-33
Surface Epithelia. Simple Columnar Epithelium with Cilia from the Human Oviduct....Pages 34-35
Surface Epithelia. Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium from the Human Ductus Epididymidis....Pages 36-37
Surface Epithelia. Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium with Cilia (Ciliated Epithelium) from the Rat Trachea....Pages 38-39
Surface Epithelia. Transitional Epithelium from the Empty Bladder of a Monkey....Pages 40-41
Surface Epithelia. Transitional Epithelium of an Empty and a Filled Rat Bladder....Pages 42-43
Front Matter....Pages 15-15
Surface Epithelia. Stratified Columnar Epithelium from the Rat Urethra....Pages 44-45
Surface Epithelia. Nonkeratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium. Example: Epithelium of Rat Cornea....Pages 46-47
Surface Epithelia. Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium or Epidermis of Human Hairy Skin....Pages 48-49
Surface Epithelia. Epidermis. Germinal Layer with a Melanocyte. Same Preparation as in Plate 23....Pages 50-51
Secretory Surface Epithelia. Example: Amniotic Epithelium of a Human Fetus....Pages 52-53
Vascularized Secretory Surface Epithelium. Sole Example: Epithelium of Stria Vascularis of Inner Ear....Pages 54-55
Atypical Epithelia. Examples: Enamel Organ of the Mouse and Thymus of a Human Adolescent....Pages 56-57
Atypical Epithelia: Enamel Organ. Continuation of Plate 27....Pages 58-59
Atypical Epithelia: Thymus. Continuation of Plate 27....Pages 60-61
Surface Epithelia. Atypical Epithelia. Change in Form of Epithelial Cells. Lens Fibers of the Rat....Pages 62-63
Functions of Surface Epithelia....Pages 64-65
Glandular Epithelia. Development of Exocrine and Endocrine Glands (Modified from F REEMAN and B RACEGIRDLE 1969)....Pages 66-67
Glandular Epithelia. Classification of Exocrine Glands....Pages 68-69
Glandular Epithelia. Form of Exocrine Glands....Pages 70-71
Glandular Epithelia. Unicellular Glands. Example: Goblet Cells from the Simple Columnar Epithelium of the Rat Small Intestine....Pages 72-73
Glandular Epithelia. Endoepithelial Gland of Human Nasal Mucosa....Pages 74-75
Glandular Epithelia. Terminal Portion of a Simple Tubular Heterocrine Gland from the Rat Stomach....Pages 76-77
Glandular Epithelia. Acinus of a Tubuloacinar Serous Gland. Example: Rat Pancreas....Pages 78-79
Glandular Epithelia. Seromucous Tubuloalveolar Terminal Portion of a Mixed Salivary Gland. Example: Human Submandibular Gland....Pages 80-81
Glandular Epithelia. Terminal Portion of an Apocrine Alveolar Gland. Example: Lactating Rat Mammary Gland....Pages 82-83
Front Matter....Pages 15-15
Glandular Epithelia. Sebaceous Sac of a Holocrine Pluristratified Alveolar Gland. Example: Human Sebaceous Gland....Pages 84-85
Glandular Epithelia. Scheme of a Compound Tubuloacinar Gland....Pages 86-87
Glandular Epithelia. Endocrine Glands. Examples: Pancreatic Islets and Thyroid Gland....Pages 88-89
Glandular Epithelia. Endocrine Glands. Pancreatic Islets. Continuation of Plate 43....Pages 90-91
Glandular Epithelium. Endocrine Glands. Thyroid Gland of the Rat. Continuation of Plate 43....Pages 92-93
Glandular Epithelia. Kinetics of Thyroid Epithelium. Continuation of Plate 45....Pages 94-95
Regeneration and Transplantation of Epithelial Tissue....Pages 96-97
Origin of Connective and Supporting Tissues....Pages 100-101
Classification of Connective and Supporting Tissues....Pages 102-103
Mesenchyme or Embryonic Connective Tissue from the Dorsal Mesogastrium of a 14-Day-Old Mouse Fetus....Pages 104-105
Mesenchymal Cell. Same Preparation as in Plate 50....Pages 106-107
Gelatinous or Mucous Connective Tissue. Example: Umbilical Cord of a Human Neonate....Pages 108-109
Reticular Connective Tissue. Human Lymph Node....Pages 110-111
Reticular Connective Tissue. Continuation of Plate 53....Pages 112-113
Reticular Connective Tissue. Continuation of Plate 54....Pages 114-115
White Adipose Tissue. Human Epiploic Appendices of the Large Intestine....Pages 116-117
White Adipose Tissue. Continuation of Plate 56....Pages 118-119
White Adipose Tissue Cell. Continuation of Plate 57....Pages 120-121
Brown Adipose Tissue. Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue of the Rat....Pages 122-123
Brown Adipose Tissue of the Rat. Continuation of Plate 59....Pages 124-125
Brown Adipose Tissue Cell. Continuation of Plate 60....Pages 126-127
Loose Connective Tissue....Pages 128-129
Loose Connective Tissue. Three-Dimensional Presentation....Pages 130-131
Loose Connective Tissue. Fixed Cells: Fibroblast and Fibrocyte....Pages 132-133
Loose Connective Tissue. Formed and Amorphous Components of the Intercellular Substance....Pages 134-135
Loose Connective Tissue. Wandering Cells: Histiocyte....Pages 136-137
Loose Connective Tissue. Wandering Cells: Macrophage in Tissue Culture....Pages 138-139
Reticulohistiocytic or Reticuloendothelial System....Pages 140-141
Loose Connective Tissue. Wandering Cells: Mast Cell or Mastocyte....Pages 142-143
Loose Connective Tissue. Wandering Cells: Lymphocytes....Pages 144-145
Loose Connective Tissue. Wandering Cells: Monocyte....Pages 146-147
Loose Connective Tissue. Wandering Cells: Plasma Cell....Pages 148-149
Loose Connective Tissue. Wandering Cells: Eosinophilic Granulocyte....Pages 150-151
Loose Connective Tissue. Special Form: Pigment Connective Tissue....Pages 152-153
Loose Connective Tissue. Special Form: Pigment Connective Tissue. Melanocyte of the Human Iris....Pages 154-155
Loose Connective Tissue. Special Form: “Cellular” Connective Tissue of the Ovary....Pages 156-157
Loose Connective Tissue. Special Form: Retiform Connective Tissue of the Human Omentum Majus....Pages 158-159
Irregular Dense Connective Tissue. Section from an Articular Capsule....Pages 160-161
Regular Dense Connective Tissue. Tendon....Pages 162-163
Regular Dense Connective Tissue. Tendon Cell....Pages 164-165
Regular Dense Connective Tissue. Aponeurosis. Example: Stroma of the Cornea....Pages 166-167
Elastic Connective Tissue or Elastic Ligaments....Pages 168-169
Cartilaginous Tissue. Histogenesis of Hyaline Cartilage....Pages 170-171
Cartilaginous Tissue. Hyaline Cartilage of the Trachea....Pages 172-173
Cartilaginous Tissue. Hyaline Cartilage. Continuation of Plate 84....Pages 174-175
Cartilaginous Tissue. Elastic Cartilage....Pages 176-177
Cartilaginous Tissue. Elastic Cartilage....Pages 178-179
Cartilaginous Tissue. Chondrocyte of Hyaline or Elastic Cartilage....Pages 180-181
Cartilaginous Tissue. Fibrous Cartilage or Fibrocartilage....Pages 182-183
Notochordal Tissue. Fetus of the Mouse....Pages 184-185
Bony Tissue. Direct or Intramembranous Bone Formation....Pages 186-187
Bony Tissue. Direct or Intramembranous Bone Formation. Continuation of Plate 91....Pages 188-189
Bony Tissue. Direct or Intramembranous Bone Formation. Continuation of Plate 92....Pages 190-191
Bony Tissue. Direct or Intramembranous Bone Formation. Osteoblasts. Continuation of Plate 93....Pages 192-193
Bony Tissue. Indirect or Chondral Bone Formation....Pages 194-195
Bony Tissue. Indirect or Chondral Bone Formation. Continuation of Plate 95.....Pages 196-197
Bony Tissue. Indirect or Chondral Bone Formation. Continuation of Plate 96....Pages 198-199
Bony Tissue. Indirect or Chondral Bone Formation. Continuation of Plate 97.....Pages 200-201
Bony Tissue. Indirect or Chondral Bone Formation. Continuation of Plate 98....Pages 202-203
Bony Tissue. Indirect or Chondral Bone Formation. Continuation of Plate 99....Pages 204-205
Bony Tissue. Indirect or Chondral Bone Formation. Epiphyseal Ossification Centers and Epiphyseal Plate. Continuation of Plate 99....Pages 206-207
Bony Tissue. Indirect or Chondral Bone Formation. Endochondral or Cartilage Bone. Continuation of Plate 101....Pages 208-209
Bony Tissue. Indirect or Chondral Bone Formation. End of Longitudinal Growth and Articular Cartilage....Pages 210-211
Bony Tissue. Diametric Growth. Continuation of Plate 103....Pages 212-213
Bony Tissue. Secondary Bone Formation....Pages 214-215
Bony Tissue. Structure....Pages 216-217
Bony Tissue. Osteons or Haversian Systems of Lamellae....Pages 218-219
Bony Tissue. Structure of Mature Bone....Pages 220-221
Bony Tissue. Central Part of an Osteon....Pages 222-223
Bony Tissue. Osteocyte....Pages 224-225
Bony Tissue. Osteoclast....Pages 226-227
Bony Tissue. Regeneration....Pages 228-229
Dentin and Odontoblasts. Cementum....Pages 230-231
Possibilities of Transplanting Connective and Supporting Tissues....Pages 232-233
Graft Rejection. Role of Free Connective Tissue Cells....Pages 234-235
Three Types of Muscular Tissue....Pages 238-239
Occurrence of Smooth Musculature....Pages 240-241
Smooth Musculature. Smooth Muscle Cells from the Tunica Muscularis of the Rat Small Intestine. Light-Microscopic Appearance....Pages 242-243
Smooth Musculature. Smooth Muscle Cells....Pages 244-245
Smooth Musculature. Smooth Muscle Cells....Pages 246-247
Smooth Musculature. Contraction of Smooth Muscle Cells....Pages 248-249
Smooth Musculature. Hypothetical Model of the Contraction Mechanism (After P ANNER and H ONIG 1967)....Pages 250-251
Myoepithelial Cells from a Human Sweat Gland....Pages 252-253
Histogenesis of Skeletal Musculature....Pages 255-256
Skeletal Musculature....Pages 256-257
Skeletal Musculature. Structure of a Muscle Fascicle....Pages 258-259
Skeletal Musculature. White Muscle Fiber and Satellite Cell....Pages 260-261
Skeletal Musculature. Red Muscle Fiber....Pages 262-263
Skeletal Musculature. Three-Dimensional View of the Internal Structure of a Muscle Fiber....Pages 264-265
Skeletal Musculature. Scheme of a Relaxed and a Contracted Striated Myofibril....Pages 266-267
Partly Hypothetical Representation of the Interaction Between Actin and Myosin Myofilaments in Relaxed and Contracted Myofibrils (Modified after H AM 1974 and M OREL and P INSET -H ÄRSTRÖM 1975)....Pages 268-269
Skeletal Musculature. Myotendinal Junction....Pages 270-271
Skeletal Musculature....Pages 272-273
Cardiac Musculature. Light-Microscopic Appearance....Pages 274-275
Cardiac Musculature....Pages 276-277
Cardiac Musculature. Electron-Microscopic View of Transverse and Longitudinal Sections Through a Cardiac Muscle Cell....Pages 278-279
Cardiac Musculature....Pages 280-281
Cardiac Musculature. Three-Dimensional View of the Internal Structure of a Cardiac Muscle Fiber....Pages 282-283
Cardiac Musculature....Pages 284-285
Cardiac Musculature. Impulse-Conducting System....Pages 286-287
Cardiac Musculature....Pages 288-289
Cardiac Musculature. Three-Dimensional View of a Cell of the Impulse-Conducting System....Pages 290-291
Front Matter....Pages 293-293
Histogenesis of Nervous Tissue....Pages 294-295
Cells Originating from the Neural Tube and Neural Crest....Pages 296-297
General Distribution of Nervous Tissue....Pages 298-299
Simplified Scheme of the Relationship Between Neurons and Glia Cells in the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems (Modified from R HODIN 1974)....Pages 300-301
Glia of the Central Nervous System. Ependymal Cells....Pages 302-303
Glia of the Central Nervous System....Pages 304-305
Glia of the Central Nervous System....Pages 306-307
Glia of the Central Nervous System. Protoplasmic Astrocyte....Pages 308-309
Glia of the Central Nervous System. Fibrous Astrocyte....Pages 310-311
Glia of the Central Nervous System. Velate Astrocyte (Reconstructed from electron micrographs of C HAN -P ALAY and P ALAY 1972)....Pages 312-313
Glia of the Central Nervous System....Pages 314-315
Glia of the Central Nervous System....Pages 316-317
Glia of the Central Nervous System. Oligodendrocytes....Pages 318-319
Glia of the Central Nervous System. Microglia (Modified from H AGER 1968)....Pages 320-321
Form of Nerve Cells Under the Light Microscope....Pages 322-323
Various Types of Nerve Cell....Pages 324-325
Arrangement of Nerve Cells....Pages 326-327
Nerve Cell and Neuropil....Pages 328-329
Front Matter....Pages 293-293
Nerve Cell. Neurofibrils....Pages 330-331
Neurosecretory or Neuroendocrine Nerve Cells....Pages 332-333
Neurosecretory Nerve Cell. Simplified General Scheme of the Mode of Action of Polypeptide Hormones....Pages 334-335
Nerve Fibers....Pages 336-337
Nerve Fiber. Node of Ranvier....Pages 338-339
Nerve Fiber. Schmidt-Lanterman Incisures....Pages 340-341
Regeneration of Nerve Fibers (Modified from W ILLIS and W ILLIS 1972)....Pages 342-343
Synapses. Classification....Pages 344-345
Simplified Classification of Interneuronal Synapses (Modified from A NDRES 1975)....Pages 346-347
Structural Elements of the Peripheral Nervous System....Pages 348-349
Spinal Ganglion. Light-Microscopic Appearance....Pages 350-351
Spinal Ganglion. Pseudounipolar Spinal Ganglion Cell....Pages 352-353
Bipolar Nerve Cell from Corti’s Ganglion....Pages 354-355
Peripheral or Spinal Nerve. General View....Pages 356-357
Structure of a Spinal Nerve....Pages 358-359
Structure of the Perineurium. Transverse Section....Pages 360-361
Nerve Fascicle with Perineurium. Three-Dimensional View....Pages 362-363
Endings of Efferent Nerve Fibers. Motor End Plate....Pages 364-365
Motor End Plate. Three-Dimensional View....Pages 366-367
Endings of Autonomic Nerves in the Smooth Musculature....Pages 368-369
Front Matter....Pages 293-293
Endings of Afferent Nerve Fibers. Neuromuscular Spindle....Pages 370-371
Endings of Afferent Nerve Fibers. Neuromuscular Spindle. Three-Dimensional View....Pages 372-373
Endings of Afferent Nerve Fibers. Intrafusal Muscle Fibers....Pages 374-375
Endings of Afferent Nerve Fibers. Golgi Tendon Organ or Neurotendinal Spindle....Pages 376-377
Endings of Afferent Nerve Fibers in Epithelial and Connective Tissues....Pages 378-379
Endings of Afferent Nerve Fibers Around the Hair Follicle (Modified from A NDRES and D ÜHRING 1973; H ALATA 1975; M UNGER 1971)....Pages 380-381
Endings of Afferent Nerve Fibers. Meissner’s Corpuscle (Modified from A NDRES and D ÜHRING 1973)....Pages 382-383
Endings of Afferent Nerve Fibers. Vater-Pacini Corpuscle....Pages 384-385
Sympathetic Trunk. Light-Microscopic Appearance of Autonomic Ganglion and Its Nerve Cells....Pages 386-387
Sympathetic Trunk. Multipolar Autonomic Nerve Cell....Pages 388-389
Back Matter....Pages 391-404