Gender Politics in Turkey and Russia From State Feminism to Authoritarian Rule

Cover\nContents\nList of Abbreviations\nPreface\nAcknowledgements\nIntroduction\nGender, State, Legitimacy\nMethodology\nStructure of the Book\nPart 1 Discourses on Gender in Early Modernization, Transition and Authoritarian Eras in USSR/Russia and Turkey\n	1 Gender Climate in the Soviet and Republican Periods\n		Tracing the Woman Question in the Russian/Soviet and Ottoman-Turkish Contexts\n		Early Legal Changes in the USSR and Early Republican Turkey\n		The Image of Soviet and Republican Woman\n		Political Activism of Soviet and Republican Women: The Zhenotdel and the Turkish Women’s Union\n	2 Transition to Democracy, Market Economy and Gender (In)Equality?\n		The Legacy of the Late Soviet Era\n		The Retreat of the Socialist State in Early Post-Soviet Russia\n		Post-Soviet Notions of Femininity and Masculinity\n		Legal Framework and Gender Equality Mechanism\n		Women’s Civic Activism and Feminism\n		The Experience of Women of Russia\n		The Emergence of a Feminist Movement in Turkey\n		The Early Legal Amendments\n		The Establishment of a National Gender Equality Mechanism\n		The Islamist Movement and the European Union\n	3 Rising Authoritarianism in Russia and Turkey\n		The Characteristics of the Political Regime under the Rule of Putin and Erdoğan\n		The Conceptualization of Democracy: Sovereign Democracy versus Conservative Democracy\n		The Changing Course of Relations with the West\n		Social Dissent: The Bolotnaya Protests and Pussy Riot, and the Gezi Movement\n	4 The Rise of Sexism in Political Discourse\n		Gender as a Marker of National Authenticity, Identity and Unity\n		Promotion of Family at the Intersection of Patriarchy, Tradition and Religion\n		Institutional Shifts\n		Political Masculinity\nPart 2 Gender Climate Under Authoritarian Politics in Russia and Turkey\n	5 Vulnerability of Russian and Turkish Women in the Labour Market\n		The State Approach to Women’s Employment in Russia and Turkey\n		Extended Maternity Leave Schemes in Russia and Turkey\n		Gender-Segregated Labour Market in Russia and Turkey\n		Care Work Policies in Russia and Turkey\n	6 Pro-Natalism and the Rediscovery of Motherhood\n		The Conceptualization of Motherhood by the Russian and Turkish States\n		Abortion Policy in Russia and Turkey\n		Maternity Capital in Russia\n	7 Combatting Domestic Violence in Russia and Turkey\n	Concluding Remarks\n		Gender Climate in the Soviet and early Republican Periods\n		Neo-Traditional/Conservative Gender Climate in Russia and Turkey\n	Appendix A\n	Appendix B\n	Appendix C\n	Notes\n	Bibliography\nIndex