Functional Neuroanatomy of the Nitric Oxide System (Handbook of Chemical Neuroanatomy)

Front Cover......Page 1
Functional Neuroanatomy of the Nitric Oxide System......Page 4
Copyright Page......Page 5
List of Contributors......Page 6
Preface......Page 10
Contents......Page 12
1. Introduction and historical perspectives......Page 19
2. NO synthase isoforms......Page 21
3. Protein structure of NO synthase isoforms......Page 24
4. Neuronal NO synthase......Page 28
5. References......Page 29
1. Introduction......Page 37
2. Localization of nitric oxide synthase in the brain......Page 39
3. Arginine metabolism in the brain......Page 56
6. References......Page 57
1. Introduction......Page 69
2. Methods to localize nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthases in brain tissue......Page 70
3. Results......Page 72
4. Discussion......Page 105
5. Abbreviations......Page 112
6. References......Page 119
2. Localization of nitric oxide synthase in the retina......Page 129
3. Development of NOS in the retina and central visual targets......Page 140
4. Biochemistry and molecular biology of NOS in the retina......Page 143
5. Function of NO in specific retinal cell types......Page 146
6. Release of NO in the retina......Page 150
8. The cGMP signal transduction pathway in retina and its modulation by NO......Page 151
9. Future areas of investigation......Page 156
10. Abbreviations......Page 157
11. Acknowledgements......Page 14
12. References......Page 158
2. NOS in the hypothalamus......Page 165
3. Co-localization......Page 167
4. Regulation......Page 169
5. Functional consideration......Page 175
6. Conclusions......Page 184
8. References......Page 185
2. Methods......Page 195
3. Results and discussion......Page 198
4. Abbreviations......Page 225
6. References......Page 226
1. Introduction......Page 233
2. NO in autonomic ganglia......Page 235
3. Role of NO in the neural control of the vasculature and the heart......Page 242
4. Role of NO in the neural control of the gastrointestinal tract......Page 250
5. Role of NO in the neural control of the trachea and lower airways......Page 258
6. Role of NO in the neural control of salivary glands and other secretory tissues......Page 260
7. Role of NO in the innervation of the adrenal medulla......Page 263
8. Overview of peripheral autonomic NO neurones......Page 266
10. References......Page 267
1. The urinary tract......Page 285
2. The genital tract......Page 300
4. References......Page 319
1. Introduction......Page 333
2. Injury-induced expression of NOS......Page 334
3. Co-expression of NOS with other injury-relevant components......Page 344
4. Age-related expression of NOS in injured neurons......Page 346
5. Species-related expression of NOS in injured neurons......Page 347
6. Ultrastructure of injury-induced NOS-positive neurons......Page 348
7. Regulation of NOS expression in injured neurons......Page 352
8. Mechanisms of NOS expression in injured neurons......Page 356
9. Potential roles of NOS expression in neuronal degeneration and regeneration......Page 359
11. Acknowledgements......Page 364
12. References......Page 365
1. Introduction......Page 373
2. Soluble guanylyl cyclase......Page 374
3. Phosphodiesterase activity and the termination of the NO–cGMP signal......Page 375
4. cGMP immunocytochemistry......Page 376
5. Immunocytochemical localization of NOS and NO-mediated cGMP synthesis......Page 377
6. Localization of cGMP in the cerebellum......Page 402
7. NO–cGMP signaling in other vertebrates......Page 407
8. NO–cGMP signaling in the rat brain during development......Page 408
9. Colocalization of cGMP with neurotransmitter systems in the rat brain......Page 413
11. Acknowledgements......Page 423
12. References......Page 424
1. Introduction......Page 435
2. Components of the NO signaling pathway in invertebrates......Page 436
3. Developmental roles of NO/cGMP signaling for invertebrates......Page 437
4. The role of NO in feeding behavior......Page 446
5. The role of NO in regulating rhythmic motor networks......Page 447
6. NO and nociception......Page 453
7. NO as a potential blood-borne neurohormone......Page 454
9. References......Page 456
Subject Index......Page 461