Frozen Shoulder - Present and Future

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
List of contributors
Preface
Part 1: What is a frozen shoulder?
	Chapter 1. Living with a frozen shoulder
		Abstract
		Subjective experience of living with a frozen shoulder
		Factors influencing patient experience
		Importance of understanding the patient perspective
		Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 2. The pathophysiology of frozen shoulder
		Abstract
		Pathoanatomy
		Pathophysiological mechanisms in frozen shoulder
		References
	Chapter 3. Risk factors for frozen shoulder
		Abstract
		Introduction
		Molecular biology and genetics of primary shoulder stiffness
		Metabolic and clinical conditions related to primary shoulder stiffness
		Hormones and endocrine disorders
		Medical interventions
		Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 4. Terminology, definition, and prognosis of a frozen shoulder
		Abstract
		Introduction
		Terminology
		Conclusion
		References
Part 2: Diagnosis
	Chapter 5. Epidemiology of frozen shoulder
		Abstract
		Epidemiology
		References
	Chapter 6. Clinical assessment of a frozen shoulder
		Abstract
		Introduction
		Clinical features of frozen shoulder
		Tissue irritability
		Questionnaires
		Summary
		References
	Chapter 7. Differential diagnosis
		Abstract
		Differential diagnosis
		Cervical spine-associated processes
		Glenohumeral joint osteoarthritis
		Locked posterior dislocation
		Rotator cuff-related shoulder pain
		Calcific tendinitis
		Tumor
		Tuberculosis
		Parkinson disease
		Shoulder injury related to vaccine administration
		Fear-avoidant and nociplastic dominant conditions
		Summary
		References
	Chapter 8. Imaging in frozen shoulder
		Abstract
		Introduction
		Diagnostic ultrasound of the frozen shoulder
		Indirect ultrasound signs of a frozen shoulder
		Magnetic resonance imaging in adhesive capsulitis
		Conclusion
		References
Part 3: Management of frozen shoulder
	Chapter 9. Pharmacotherapeutic options
		Abstract
		Introduction
		Oral analgesic treatments
		Corticosteroids
		Collagenase clostridium histolyticum
		The future
		Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 10. Physiotherapeutic management
		Abstract
		Introduction
		Tissue irritability as a factor to guide treatment
		Physical therapy interventions
		General physical activity
		Passive shoulder mobilizations
		Active shoulder exercises
		Other physical therapy applications
		Contemporary approaches that potentially may help in the management of frozen shoulder
		Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 11. Surgical indications, options, and techniques
		Abstract
		Introduction
		Pathoanatomic changes relative to surgical treatment
		Surgical indications
		Options and surgical techniques
		Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 12. Other treatment options
		Abstract
		Introduction
		Botox
		Collagenase clostridium histolyticum
		Suprascapular nerve blockage
		Calcitonin
		Hydrodilatation
		Considerations and future perspectives
		References
	Chapter 13. Postoperative physiotherapy management: rehabilitation following release procedures
		Abstract
		Rehabilitation following release procedures
		Timescales to commence rehabilitation
		Content of postprocedure rehabilitation programs
		Duration and frequency of treatment
		Level of contact/supervision
		Early exercises
		References
Part 4: Future perspectives
	Chapter 14. The role of the nervous system in patients with frozen shoulder
		Abstract
		Situation of the somatosensory system and the autonomic nervous system within the nervous system
		Autonomic–somatosensory interactions
		Nervous system involvement in patients with frozen shoulder
		The effect of treatment modalities targeting the somatosensory and autonomic nervous system in patients with frozen shoulder
		Future implications
		References
	Chapter 15. All frozen shoulders are not created equally
		Abstract
		Introduction
		History
		Current classification
		Is it freezing, frozen, or thawing?
		One size fits all treatment approach
		Laying the foundation
		Treatment implications
		Moving forward
		References
	Chapter 16. Telerehabilitation in patients with frozen shoulder
		Abstract
		Introduction
		Telerehabilitation and frozen shoulder
		Clinical presentation-based approach
		Patient education
		How to apply telerehabilitation in frozen shoulder?
		Future perspectives
		Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 17. The role of sleep in people with frozen shoulder
		Abstract
		Introduction
		Mechanisms underlying the association between disturbed sleep and shoulder pain
		Translation into clinical practice
		Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 18. The use of virtual reality in people with frozen shoulder
		Abstract
		Introduction
		Virtual reality and rehabilitation of upper limb and shoulder conditions
		Immersive virtual reality in physiotherapy clinical practice
		Physiotherapist perspectives on virtual reality for managing shoulder pain—a focus group study
		Conclusion
		Acknowledgment
		References
	Chapter 19. Frozen shoulder and its relation to Parkinson disease
		Abstract
		Introduction
		Epidemiology of frozen shoulder in PD: is it an intrinsic or extrinsic pathway?
		Parkinson in relation to frozen shoulder: intrinsic factors to consider
		The posture-shoulder closed loop hypothesis and the akinesia hypothesis
		Frozen shoulder and PD: a common systematic cause?
		Frozen shoulder as a presentation symptom in PD
		Further research
		Conclusion
		References
Part 5: Case presentations
	Chapter 20. Case presentation 1: General practitioner
		Abstract
		Introduction
		Patient information
		Discussion
		References
	Chapter 21. Case presentation 2: Moving to the beat: a case study using a metronome as a symptom modifier to treat frozen shoulder
		Abstract
		Background
		Case description
		Discussion
		Conclusions
		Statement on ethical approval, funding, and conflicts of interest
		References
	Chapter 22. Case presentation 3: A yogic answer to a frozen shoulder question—a case presentation from clinical physiotherapy
		Abstract
		Case introduction
		How it all began—the patient's story
		Main problem from the patient’s point of view
		Clinical reasoning for the planning of the physical examination
		First physiotherapy session—exploration, education, reflection, instruction
		Second physiotherapy session—mobilizations, exercises, yoga
		Exercise therapy
		Yoga
		Reflection and conclusion
		References
	Chapter 23. Case presentation 4: Physiotherapy perspective
		Abstract
		A clinical case of frozen shoulder
		Subjective (or history)
		Course of 12 months
		Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 24. Case presentation 5: Role of orthopaedic surgery
		Abstract
		Introduction
		Case presentation
		Arthroscopic capsular release
		Summary
		Reference
	Chapter 25. Case presentation 6: Orthopedic surgery
		Abstract
		Background
		Physical examination
		References
Appendix A. A patient’s perspective
	Abstract
	Keywords
	When did the pain and problems start and what was that like, what were your thoughts and feelings?
	How did the problem progress/evolve over time?
	What did you do about it/who did you see/what advice/treatment did you get?
	How was the condition/treatment explained to you?
	What was the outcome from treatment?
	Do you have any advice for future patients and healthcare professionals?
Index