Fracture mechanics

Fracture Mechanics 3......Page 2
Copyright......Page 3
Table of Contents......Page 4
Preface......Page 8
Glossary......Page 16
1.1. Introduction to statistical process control......Page 29
1.2. Classical tolerancing and quality control......Page 32
1.2.1. ISO norms in quality control......Page 33
1.2.2. QS9000 approach......Page 34
1.2.3. Capabilities of CNOMO E41.36.110.N control means......Page 36
1.2.4. Some capability indicators according to ISO/TS 16949, ISO 8258 and Ford......Page 38
1.2.5. Metrological audits......Page 39
1.3. The Pareto law ? ABC method......Page 42
1.3.1. Practical application......Page 45
1.4.1. Areas on which lot inspection operates......Page 46
1.4.3. c card to control the number of defects......Page 48
1.4.4. Average lot quality after control......Page 51
1.4.5. Choosing a sample plan......Page 60
1.4.6. Wald plan case study......Page 62
1.4.7. Average long-term controlled quantity......Page 65
1.4.8. Case study of a simple sampling plan......Page 70
1.4.9. Poisson distribution of cumulative probabilities......Page 71
1.5. Theoretical basics of control by measurement......Page 74
1.5.1. Choosing a simple sampling plan......Page 75
1.5.2. Choosing a simple or double sampling plan......Page 76
1.6. Analysis of process capability......Page 77
1.6.1. Capability indices for a normally distributed variable: X 밀Ⰰ 쌀......Page 79
1.6.2. Machine capability Cm and Cmk......Page 83
1.7. Capability for a non-normal distribution......Page 84
1.8. Control by measurement charts......Page 85
1.8.1. Size of the samples to be taken and the frequency of control......Page 88
1.8.2. Factor for control of X mean and range R......Page 91
1.9.1. Machine adaptation with respect to production tolerances......Page 92
1.9.2. Proportion of faulty units......Page 93
1.10. Control charts......Page 96
1.10.1. Control by measurements charts for the mean X and the range R......Page 97
1.10.2. Calculating control limits and case study......Page 98
1.10.3. Study of X /R control charts ? quality control lab......Page 100
1.10.4. Graphical representation of the rejections due to non-conformity to TI......Page 106
1.10.5. Performance case study: Capabilities......Page 108
1.10.6. Calculating machine capability indices: Cm and Cmk......Page 112
1.12. Bibliography......Page 113
2.1. The tools of quality, as per W. Deming......Page 115
2.3. Total productive maintenance method......Page 116
2.4. The LMMEM “5M? process method......Page 121
2.5. Estimations of times in mechanical productions machining......Page 122
2.5.1. Optimizing times and costs in mechanical production......Page 126
2.6. Stock management and supply methods......Page 139
2.6.1. Hypothesis of a general method to improve stock management......Page 141
2.7. Short summary of control charts......Page 144
2.7.1. The various control charts......Page 145
2.7.2. Measurement control charts ? stability control charts Shewhart......Page 146
2.7.3. Estimating μ0 and σ0......Page 147
2.7.4. Efficiency ? chart of the average......Page 148
2.7.5. Control chart by attributes ? determining the limits......Page 149
2.8. CUSUM charts......Page 151
2.8.1. EWM charts......Page 152
2.8.2. Shewhart charts for the average X , the range R and the standard deviation s......Page 154
2.8.3. Control charts for the average X and the range R......Page 155
2.9. Individual control charts......Page 158
2.9.1. Average lengths or CUSUM-Run......Page 160
2.10. EWMA statistics ? comparison between Shewhart graph control and the EWMA chart control techniques......Page 161
2.10.1. Poisson normal distribution approximation......Page 166
2.10.2. Decision limits of the X/ R control chart through the SPC method......Page 169
2.11.1. So-called “Henry Line? or probability diagram test......Page 172
2.13. Bibliography......Page 177
3.1.1. Simple binomial distribution......Page 180
3.1.2. Calculation results......Page 181
3.2. Calculating the efficiency curves of simple/double control......Page 183
3.2.1. Calculation results......Page 184
3.3.1. Calculation results......Page 186
3.4.1. Calculating the acceptance and refusal curves in progressive control......Page 187
3.4.2. Calculation results......Page 188
3.4.3. Graph......Page 189
3.4.5. Determining the efficiency curve and the acceptance limits......Page 190
3.4.6. Acceptance: known standard deviation, sigma = 0.01......Page 191
3.4.7. Measurement acceptance test when sigma* SD is known......Page 192
3.4.8. Choosing a plan......Page 193
3.4.9. Plot Excel......Page 194
3.5.1. R&R EV Repeatability and AR reproducibility......Page 195
3.5.2. R&R study......Page 196
3.6. X/S control chart study \0愀瘀攀爀愀最攀 愀渀搀 猀琀愀渀搀愀爀搀 搀攀瘀椀愀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 쌀 ......Page 200
3.7.2. Definition drawing or clear picture......Page 205
3.7.3. Table of the measurements taken using a digital micrometer directly read the value from Caliper......Page 206
3.7.4. Table of calculation results Excel and MathCAD......Page 207
3.8.1. Uncertainties guide to the expression of uncertainties in measurements GUM......Page 208
3.9. Case study: uncertainties......Page 211
3.9.1. Uncertainty study as per GUM......Page 212
3.10. Conclusion......Page 227
3.11. Bibliography......Page 228
Appendix......Page 230
Index......Page 283