Foundations of Education (Student Text) , Tenth Edition

Front Cover......Page 1
Title Page......Page 3
Copyright......Page 4
Contents......Page 6
Preface......Page 13
PART ONE: Understanding the Teaching Profession......Page 23
CHAPTER 1 Motivation, Preparation, and Conditions for the Entering Teacher......Page 24
Choosing a Career in Teaching......Page 25
Supply/Demand and Salaries......Page 28
Preparing Teachers......Page 32
Prospective Teachers: Abilities and Testing......Page 38
Job Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction......Page 40
Reforming Schools by Improving Teacher Qualifications and Functioning......Page 42
Outlook for Teaching......Page 49
CHAPTER 2 The Teaching Profession......Page 52
Is Teaching a Profession?......Page 53
Trends Toward Professionalism......Page 58
Teacher Organizations......Page 65
PART TWO: Historical and Philosophical Foundations......Page 75
CHAPTER 3 World Roots of American Education......Page 76
Education in Preliterate Societies......Page 77
Education in Ancient Chinese Civilization......Page 78
Education in Ancient Egypt......Page 84
The Hebraic Tradition in Education......Page 85
Education in Ancient Greek and Roman Civilizations......Page 87
Islam, Arabic Learning, and Education......Page 97
Medieval Culture and Education......Page 99
Renaissance Classical Humanism......Page 101
The Religious Reformation and Education......Page 106
The Enlightenment’s Influence on Education......Page 109
CHAPTER 4 Pioneers of Modern Teaching......Page 114
Comenius: The Search for a New Method......Page 115
Rousseau: Educating the Natural Person......Page 117
Pestalozzi: Educator of the Senses and Emotions......Page 122
Herbart: Systematizing Teaching......Page 124
Froebel: The Kindergarten Movement......Page 125
Spencer: Social Darwinist and Utilitarian Educator......Page 127
Dewey: Learning Through Experience......Page 128
Addams: Socialized Education......Page 131
Montessori: The Prepared Environment......Page 133
Piaget: Developmental Growth......Page 135
Freire: Liberation Pedagogy......Page 138
Thinking About Pioneers in Education as Historical Mentors......Page 140
CHAPTER 5 Historical Development of American Education......Page 144
The Colonial Period......Page 145
The Early National Period......Page 150
The Movement Toward Public Schooling......Page 154
The Development of American Secondary Schools......Page 159
The American College and University......Page 163
Education in a Culturally Diverse Society......Page 164
Historical Trends......Page 174
CHAPTER 6 Philosophical Roots of Education......Page 181
Special Terminology......Page 183
Idealism......Page 186
Realism......Page 188
Pragmatism......Page 191
Existentialism......Page 195
Postmodernism......Page 198
Educational Theories......Page 202
Essentialism......Page 203
Perennialism......Page 205
Progressivism......Page 209
Critical Theory......Page 213
Constructing Your Personal Philosophy of Education......Page 217
PART THREE: Political, Economic, and Legal Foundations......Page 221
CHAPTER 7 Governing and Administering Public Education......Page 222
Local Responsibilities and Activities......Page 223
Intermediate Units......Page 236
State Responsibilities and Activities......Page 237
The Federal Role in Education......Page 240
Nonpublic Schools......Page 242
CHAPTER 8 Financing Public Education......Page 247
Tax Sources of School Revenues......Page 248
Local Financing for Public Schools......Page 249
State Financing of Public Schools......Page 252
Federal Education Funding......Page 258
School Finance Trends......Page 261
CHAPTER 9 Legal Aspects of Education......Page 270
The Court System......Page 271
Teachers’ Rights and Responsibilities......Page 273
Students’ Rights and Responsibilities......Page 286
Religion and the Schools......Page 300
PART FOUR: Social Foundations......Page 311
CHAPTER 10 Culture, Socialization, and Education......Page 312
Agents of Socialization......Page 313
Gender Roles and Sex Differences......Page 332
Adolescent and Youth Problems......Page 336
CHAPTER 11 Social Class, Race, and School Achievement......Page 343
Social Class and Success in School......Page 344
Race, Ethnicity, and School Success......Page 348
Reasons for Low Achievement Among Low-Status Students......Page 354
Do Schools Equalize Opportunity?......Page 367
CHAPTER 12 Providing Equal Educational Opportunity......Page 375
Desegregation......Page 376
Compensatory Education......Page 384
Multicultural Education......Page 392
Education for Students with Disabilities......Page 402
PART FIVE: Curricular Foundations......Page 415
CHAPTER 13 The Purposes of Education......Page 416
Establishing Goals and Objectives......Page 417
Historical Perspective......Page 422
The Call for Excellence......Page 426
Swings of the Pendulum......Page 432
CHAPTER 14 Curriculum and Instruction......Page 435
Curriculum Organization......Page 436
Issues in Curriculum Development......Page 449
Instructional Approaches......Page 451
Emerging Curriculum Trends: An Agenda for the Future......Page 460
PART SIX: Effective Education: International and American Perspectives......Page 467
CHAPTER 15 International Education......Page 468
Commonalities in Educational Systems......Page 469
Differences in Educational Systems and Outcomes......Page 472
Exemplary Reforms: A Selection......Page 483
Conclusion: U.S. Schools in an International Context......Page 490
CHAPTER 16 School Effectiveness and Reform in the United States......Page 493
Imperatives to Improve the Schools......Page 494
Characteristics of Effective Classrooms and Schools......Page 495
Effective Schools Research......Page 499
Characteristics of Successful School Reforms......Page 502
Improvement Approaches Across Grade Levels......Page 504
Reform Programs to Improve Whole Schools......Page 508
Related Efforts and Aspects Involving Educational Effectiveness......Page 509
School Choice......Page 519
Systemic Restructuring and Standards-Based Reform......Page 524
Conclusion: The Challenge for Education......Page 527
Glossary......Page 531
Subject Index......Page 539