Foundational Concepts and Models of Family Therapy: An Introduction for Online Learning

Cover
Endorsement
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Table of Contents
List of Contributors
Foreword
Acknowledgments
Introduction
	1 Introduction: Systems Theory in the Context of Family Therapy
		Part I – Foundational Concepts of Family Therapy
		Part II – Modern Or Classic Models of Family Therapy
		Part III – Postmodern Models of Family Therapy
Part I Foundational Concepts of Family Therapy
	2 Using Theory in the Practice of Marriage and Family Therapy
		Preparing to Learn About Theory
			Reflecting On Personal Assumptions About Therapy
			Intentionality in Therapy: Becoming Aware of the Choices We Make During the Helping Process
			What Is a Theory and What Is a Therapy Model?
			A Final Note About How Research and Theory Relate
		What Is (Psycho)therapy?
		What Is Therapy?
			What Does It Mean When We Talk About “Change”?
			Where Does Therapy Happen?
			What Do We Call the People Providing the Therapy?
			Besides Talking, What Do People Do in Therapy? What Actually Happens in Therapy?
			Documentation and Evaluation
			Anatomy of a Therapy Model – a Guide for Learning and Applying Theories of Therapy
		Terminology Note
		Assumptions That Are the Foundation of How MFTs Work With Clients (Key Theories That Cut Across Models)
		Systems Theory as a Set of Assumptions That Form the Basis for MFT Practice and That Are Essential to the Therapy Models That MFTs Use
		Social Constructionism as the Foundation to MFT Practice and MFT Models
			Key Social Constructionist Assumptions
		Summary
		References
	3 History of Family Therapy
		Introduction
		The Early Days
		Transition From Modern Models to Postmodern Models
			Postmodern Models
		New Horizons
		References
	4 Building Blocks to Conceptualizing Family: A Family System’s Perspective
		Background of Systemic Thinking
		Biological and Mechanical Systems
		Historical Backdrop of Systemic Theory
		Systemic Concepts
		Summary
		References
	5 Postmodernism and Social Constructionism: Foundational Concepts
		Introduction
		Social Construction
			Social Constructionist Philosophers
			Assumptions of Social Construction
			Major Concepts of Social Construction
		Modernism
		Postmodernism
			Postmodern Assumptions
		Limitations and Arguments
		Embrace and Challenge
		References
	6 The Core Process of Therapy: Planning Therapy Guided By Theory
		Core Therapy Process 1 – Joining
		Core Therapy Process 2 – Assessment: a Practical and Philosophical Look at How We Learn With Our Clients in Therapy
			Terminology Associated With Assessment in Therapy
			How Systems Theory and Social Constructionism Inform Assessment
			Using a Therapy Model During Assessment
		Core Therapy Process 3 – Goal Setting
		Core Therapy Process 4 – Intervention
			Example of Intervention Planning Using the Structural Family Therapy Model
			Example of Intervention Planning Using the Experiential Therapy Model
			Example of Intervention Planning Using the Solution-Focused Therapy Model
		Core Therapy Process 5 – Documentation and Evaluation
			Why Do Therapists Write (Formal) Treatment Plans?
			Developing the Treatment Plan Helps the Client Identify Their Goals and Become Invested in the Therapy Process
			A Treatment Plan Guides the Therapist: Having a Clear Plan for the Therapy Process Is Necessary for Competent Therapy
			A Treatment Plan Conveys to Third Parties (E.g., Insurance Companies, Medicaid, Child Protective Services, the Legal System) What Will Happen in Therapy
			The Components of a Written Treatment Plan
			Terminology Note: Goals Versus Objectives
			Formatting Written Treatment Plans
			All Treatment Plans Should Address Who, What, When, Where, Why and How
			Options for Treatment Plan Formats
		Sample Treatment Plan Listing Tasks, Goals and Interventions
		Sample Treatment Plan Organized Around Problem Statements
			Theory and Me: What Does It Mean to “Choose a Model”?
			Therapist Self-Knowledge and Selection of Therapy Model
			Reflecting On the Limits of Theory
		References
	7 Clinical Practice: Preparing for Day 1
		The Employment System
			Employee Handbooks and Policy Manuals
			Ethics Code and State Laws
		The Work Process
			General Workflow
		Documentation Tools
			Systemic Treatment Planning – Step By Step
			Treatment Planning Forms
			The Facts
			Drawing the Picture
			The Variables
			Formal Assessments and Diagnosis
			Your Collaborators
		Here Comes the Hard Part
			Now What?
		References
Part II Modern Or Classic Models of Family Therapy
	8 Milan Systemic Family Therapy
		Introduction
		History and Philosophical Underpinnings
		Systemic Foundation
		Problem Formation
		Main Concepts and Interventions
			Hypothesizing
			Graphic 1: Hypothesis Testing
			Reflecting Teams
			Circularity and Circular Causality
			Circular Questioning
			Paradox and Counterparadox
			Invariant Prescription
			Neutrality
			Multipartiality
			Curiosity
			Positive Connotation
		Use With a Diversity of Clients
		Research Support
		Criticism and Ethical Considerations
			Ethical Response
		Summary
		References
	9 Structural Family Therapy
		Introduction
		Founder
		Systemic Foundation
		Philosophical Underpinnings
		Conceptualization of Issues
			How Change Occurs
			Role of the Client
			Role of the Therapist
		Interventions
			Termination of Therapy
		Key Legal and Ethical Considerations
		Use With a Diversity of Clients
		Research Support
		Self-of-the-therapist Considerations/reflections Specific to the Approach
		References
	10 Strategic Family Therapy
		Introduction
		History of Strategic Family Therapies
			Mental Research Institute
		Systemic Foundations
			Homeostasis
			Circular Causality
			Complementarity
			First- and Second-Order Change
		MRI Brief Family Therapy: Conceptualization and Assessment of Problems
			Assessing Communication
			Problem Formation
		MRI Brief Family Therapy: Problem Resolution Strategies
			Therapeutic Double-Binds
		Haley and Madanes: Conceptualization and Assessment of Presenting Problems
			Family Structure and Power
		Haley and Madanes: Problem Resolution Strategies
			Role of the Therapist
			Stages of Treatment
			Directives
		Reframe . Prescribe . Restrain
		Developmental Considerations
		Considerations for Ethical and Culturally Sensitive Practice
			Clients Provide Informed Consent to Treatment and Abuse of the Therapeutic Relationship (AAMFT, 2015)
			Client Autonomy in Decision Making (AAMFT, 2015)
			Benefit of the Therapeutic Relationship (AAMFT, 2015)
			Non-discrimination (AAMFT, 2015)
		Adaptation Example
		Research Support
		Brief Strategic Family Therapy
		Summary
		References
	11 Experiential Family Therapy
		Introduction
		Founders
		Theoretical and Philosophical Underpinnings
			Systemic Foundation
				Wholism, Interdependence of Subsystems and Circular Causality
				Homeostasis
			First- Vs. Second-Order Change
				Second- Vs. First-Order Change
				Context and Chronology
			Humanism
		Main Assumptions and Conceptualization of Issues
			How Change Occurs
			Roles of the Therapist and Client
			Co-therapy
		Interventions
			Use of Self
			Reflection
			Validation
			Family Sculpting
			Conjoint Family Drawing
			Role-playing
			Termination of Therapy
		Key Legal and Ethical Considerations
		Use With a Diversity of Clients
		Research Support
		References
	12 Bowen Family Systems Theory
		Introduction
		Founders
		Systemic Foundation
		Philosophical Underpinnings
		Main Concepts
			Differentiation of Self
			Nuclear Family Emotional Process
			Triangles
			Sibling Position
			Multigenerational Transmission Process
			Family Projection Process
			Emotional Cutoff
			Societal Emotional Process
		Case Example
		Conceptualization of Issues
			How Change Occurs
			Role of the Therapist
			Role of the Client
		Interventions
		Research Support
		Key Legal and Ethical Considerations
		Self-of-the-therapist
		Use With a Diversity of Clients
		References
	13 Emotionally-Focused Family Therapy
		Introduction
		History
		Philosophical Underpinnings
			Attachment Theory and Emotional Development
				Secure Attachment
				Anxious-ambivalent/resistant Attachment
			Emotion
				Primary Vs. Secondary Emotions
			Systems Theory
			Experiential Therapy
		Interventions
			Therapeutic Alliance
			Empathy and Acceptance
			Methods for Accessing and Reprocessing Emotions
			Reflection
			Validation
			Evocative Responding
			Heightening
			Empathic Conjecture
			Self-disclosure
		Methods for Restructuring Interactions
			Tracking and Reframing
			Enactments
		Techniques for Implementing Interventions: RISSSC
			Three Stages and Nine Steps
			De-escalation
			Changing Interactional Positions
			Integration and Consolidation
		Emotionally-Focused Family Therapy (EFFT)
			Evidence-base
			Special Topic: Infidelity
			Special Topic: Trauma
		Ethical and Diversity Considerations
			Gender
			Cultural Variance in Emotional Expression
			Contraindications
			Domestic Violence
			Ambiguous Commitment
		Summary
		References
	14 Gottman Method Couple’s Therapy
		Introduction
		Founders
		Systemic Foundation
			Circular Causality
			Wholism
			Context
		Main Concepts and Philosophical Underpinnings
		Basic Assumptions and Conceptualization of Issues
			How Change Occurs
			Role of the Client
			Role of the Therapist
		Interventions
			Love Maps
			Addressing the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse
			Soften Startup
			Gottman-Rapoport Exercise
			Dreams-within-conflict
			Negotiating Marital Power
		Termination of Therapy
		Key Legal and Ethical Considerations
		Use With a Diversity of Clients
		Self-of-the-therapist Reflection Questions
		Research Support
		References
	15 Contextual Therapy
		Introduction
		Founders
		Brief History of the Model
		Philosophical Underpinnings
		Systemic Foundation
			Open System
			Rules
			Homeostasis
			The Whole Is Greater Than the Sum of Its Parts
		Assessment, Treatment and Interventions
		Bringing Theory Into Practice
			Role(s) of a Therapist
			Self of the Therapist
		Ethical Considerations
		Cultural/diversity Considerations
		Research Support
		Summary
		References
	16 Cognitive Behavioral Family Therapy
		Founders
		Systemic Foundation
		Main Concepts and Philosophical Underpinnings
			Behaviorism
			Cognitive Theory
			Social Exchange Theory
		Basic Assumptions and Conceptualization of Issues
			Selective Attention
			Attributions
			Expectancies
			Assumptions
			Standards
			Arbitrary Inference
			Selective Abstractions
			Overgeneralization
			Magnification and Minimization
			Personalization
			Dichotomous Thinking
			Labeling and Mislabeling
			Tunnel Vision
			Biased Explanations
			Mind Reading
		How Change Occurs
			Affect
			Behavior
			Cognition
		Role of the Client
		Role of the Therapist
		Interventions
			Behavioral Interventions
				Behavior Exchange and Quid Pro Quo
				Contingency Contracts
				Communication and Problem-Solving Training
				Point Charts and Token Economies
				Role-play
				Role Reversal
				Shaping
				Time-out
				Cognitive Interventions and Psychoeducation
				Challenging Cognitive Distortions
			Case Study
				Example Intervention Approach
			Termination of Therapy
		Key Legal and Ethical Considerations
		Use With a Diversity of Clients
		Social Justice Considerations
		Self-of-the-therapist Reflection Questions
		Research Support
		References
	17 Psychoanalytic Family Therapy
		Introduction
		Key Players
		Main Concepts of Psychoanalytic Family Therapy
			Transference and Countertransference
			Conditions for Thinking/emotional Containment
			Object Relations Theory
			Including Children in Therapy
			Special Topic: Mentalization and Family Violence
			How Change Occurs
			Role of the Therapist
		Interventions
		Research Support
		Cultural and Ethical Considerations
		References
	18 Postmodernism and Social Constructionism in Family Therapy
		Introduction
		Postmodernism and Mental Health
			Considering Language
			Defining Family Constructs
		Postmodern Therapy Constructs and Applications
			Second-order Cybernetics
			Deconstruction
			Collaboration
			Not-knowing
			Client as Expert
			Mapping the Influence of the Problem
			Conversation
			Dominant Narratives
			Externalization
			Locating Strengths
		Addressing Social Justice
		Postmodern Models in MFT
			Solution-Focused Brief Therapy
			Narrative Family Therapy
			Collaborative Language Systems
		The Role of Research and Science
		Summary
		References
	19 Solution-Focused Brief Therapy
		Introduction
		Philosophical Underpinnings
		Main Concepts
		Systemic Foundation
		Role of the Client and Therapist
		How Change Happens
		Assessment
		Interventions
		Termination of Therapy
		Ethical Considerations
			Informed Consent
			Client Autonomy
			Non-discrimination
		Research Support
		Summary
		References
	20 Narrative Family Therapy
		Introduction
		History of the Model
		Philosophical Underpinnings
		Founders
		Main Concepts and Assumptions
		Techniques and Interventions
			Listening
			Mapping the Influence of the Problem
			Witnessing Structure
			Not-knowing
			Recognizing Cultural Influence
		Externalization
			Unique Outcomes
			Letters
			Reflecting Teams
		Research Support
		Cultural Humility and Narrative Therapy
		Summary
		References
	21 Collaborative Language Systems Therapy
		Introduction
		Founders
		Main Concepts of CLS
		Philosophical Underpinnings and Conceptualization of Issues
			How Change Occurs
			Role of the Client and Role of the Therapist
		Interventions
		Use With Diverse Clients
		Research Support
		Strengths and Limitations
		References
Glossary
Bibliography
Index