Fluid mechanics : fundamentals and applications

Front Matter
	About the Authors
	Brief Contents
	Contents
	Preface
	Online Resources for Instructors
Chapter 1 Introduction and Basic Concepts
	1-1 Introduction
	1-2 A Brief History of Fluid Mechanics
	1-3 The No-Slip Condition
	1-4 Classification of Fluid Flows
	1-5 System and Control Volume
	1-6 Importance of Dimensions and Units
	1-7 Modeling in Engineering
	1-8 Problem-Solving Technique
	1-9 Engineering Software Packages
	1-10 Accuracy, Precision, and Significant Digits
	Summary
	References and Suggested Reading
	Problems
Chapter 2 Properties of Fluids
	2-1 Introduction
	2-2 Density and Specific Gravity
	2-3 Vapor Pressure and Cavitation
	2-4 Energy and Specific Heats
	2-5 Compressibility and Speed of Sound
	2-6 Viscosity
	2-7 Surface Tension and Capillary Effect
	Summary
	References and Suggested Reading
	Problems
Chapter 3 Pressure and Fluid Statics
	3-1 Pressure
	3-2 Pressure Measurement Devices
	3-3 Introduction to Fluid Statics
	3-4 Hydrostatic Forces on Submerged Plane Surfaces
	3-5 Hydrostatic Forces on Submerged Curved Surfaces
	3-6 Buoyancy and Stability
	3-7 Fluids in Rigid-Body Motion
	Summary
	References and Suggested Reading
	Problems
Chapter 4 Fluid Kinematics
	4-1 Lagrangian and Eulerian Descriptions
	4-2 Flow Patterns and Flow Visualization
	4-3 Plots of Fluid Flow Data
	4-4 Other Kinematic Descriptions
	4-5 Vorticity and Rotationality
	4-6 The Reynolds Transport Theorem
	Summary
	References and Suggested Reading
	Problems
Chapter 5 Bernoulli and Energy Equations
	5-1 Introduction
	5-2 Conservation of Mass
	5-3 Mechanical Energy and Efficiency
	5-4 The Bernoulli Equation
	5-5 General Energy Equation
	5-6 Energy Analysis of Steady Flows
	Summary
	References and Suggested Reading
	Problems
Chapter 6 Momentum Analysis of Flow Systems
	6-1 Newton's Laws
	6-2 Choosing a Control Volume
	6-3 Forces Acting on a Control Volume
	6-4 The Linear Momentum Equation
	6-5 Review of Rotational Motion and Angular Momentum
	6-6 The Angular Momentum Equation
	Summary
	References and Suggested Reading
	Problems
Chapter 7 Dimensional Analysis and Modeling
	7-1 Dimension and Units
	7-2 Dimensional Homogeneity
	7-3 Dimensional Analysis and Similarity
	7-4 The Method of Repeating Variables and the Buckingham Pi Theorem
	7-5 Experimental Testing, Modeling, and Incomplete Similarity
	Summary
	References and Suggested Reading
	Problems
Chapter 8 Internal Flow
	8-1 Introduction
	8-2 Laminar and Turbulent Flows
	8-3 The Entrance Region
	8-4 Laminar Flow in Pipes
	8-5 Turbulent Flow in Pipes
	8-6 Minor Losses
	8-7 Piping Networks and Pump Selection
	8-8 Flow Rate and Velocity Measurement
	Summary
	References and Suggested Reading
	Problems
Chapter 9 Differential Analysis of Fluid Flow
	9-1 Introduction
	9-2 Conservation of Mass - The Continuity Equation
	9-3 The Stream Function
	9-4 The Differential Linear Momentum Equation - Cauchy's Equation
	9-5 The Navier-Stokes Equation
	9-6 Differential Analysis of Fluid Flow Problems
	Summary
	References and Suggested Reading
	Problems
Chapter 10 Approximate Solutions of the Navier-Stokes Equation
	10-1 Introduction
	10-2 Nondimensionalized Equations of Motion
	10-3 The Creeping Flow Approximation
	10-4 Approximation for Inviscid Regions of Flow
	10-5 The Irrotational Flow Approximation
	10-6 The Boundary Layer Approximation
	Summary
	References and Suggested Reading
Chapter 11 External Flow: Drag and Lift
	11-1 Introduction
	11-2 Drag and Lift
	11-3 Friction and Pressure Drag
	11-4 Drag Coefficients of Common Geometries
	11-5 Parallel Flow Over Flat Plates
	11-6 Flow Over Cylinders and Spheres
	11-7 Lift
	Summary
	References and Suggested Reading
	Problems
Chapter 12 Compressible Flow
	12-1 Stagnation Properties
	12-2 One-Dimensional Isentropic Flow
	12-3 Isentropic Flow Through Nozzles
	12-4 Shock Waves and Expansion Waves
	12-5 Duct Flow with Heat Transfer and Negligible Friction (Rayleigh Flow)
	12-6 Adiabatic Duct Flow with Friction (Fanno Flow)
	Summary
	References and Suggested Reading
	Problems
Chapter 13 Open-Channel Flow
	13-1 Classification of Open-Channel Flows
	13-2 Froude Number and Wave Speed
	13-3 Specific Energy
	13-4 Conservation of Mass and Energy Equations
	13-5 Uniform Flow in Channels
	13-6 Best Hydraulic Cross Sections
	13-7 Gradually Varied Flow
	13-8 Rapidly Varied Flow and the Hydraulic Jump
	13-9 Flow Control and Measurement
	Summary
	References and Suggested Reading
	Problems
Chaper 14 Turbomachinery
	14-1 Classifications and Terminology
	14-2 Pumps
	14-3 Pump Scaling Laws
	14-4 Turbines
	14-5 Turbine Scaling Laws
	Summary
	References and Suggested Reading
	Problems
Chapter 15 Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics
	15-1 Introduction and Fundamentals
	15-2 Laminar CFD Calculations
	15-3 Turbulent CFD Calculations
	15-4 CFD with Heat Transfer
	15-5 Compressible Flow CFD Calculations
	15-6 Open-Channel Flow CFD Calculations
	Summary
	References and Suggested Reading
	Problems
Appendix: Property Tables and Charts
	Table A-1 Molar mass, gas constant, and ideal-gas specific heats of some substances
	Table A–2 Boiling and freezing point properties
	Table A–3 Properties of saturated water
	Table A–4 Properties of saturated refrigerant-134a
	Table A–5 Properties of saturated ammonia
	Table A–6 Properties of saturated propane
	Table A–7 Properties of liquids
	Table A–8 Properties of liquid metals
	Table A–9 Properties of air at 1 atm pressure
	Table A–10 Properties of gases at 1 atm pressure
	Table A–11 Properties of the atmosphere at high altitude
	Figure A–12 The Moody chart for the friction factor for fully developed flow in circular pipes
	Table A–13 One-dimensional isentropic compressible flow functions for an ideal gas with k = 1.4
	Table A–14 One-dimensional normal shock functions for an ideal gas with k = 1.4
	Table A–15 Rayleigh flow functions for an ideal gas with k = 1.4
	Table A–16 Fanno flow functions for an ideal gas with k = 1.4
Glossary
Index
Conversion Factors
Nomenclature