FinTech and Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Development: The Role of Smart Technologies in Achieving Development Goals (Sustainable Development Goals Series)

Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
List of Figures
Part I Introduction and Background
1 FinTech and Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Development: The Role of Smart Technologies in Achieving Development Goals
	Introduction
	The General Outline of the Book
	Chapter Summary
	References
2 Exploring the Evolution of Artificial Intelligence and the Fourth Industrial Revolution an Overview
	Introduction
	The First Industrial Revolution
	The Second Industrial Revolution
	The Third Industrial Revolution
	The Fourth Industrial Revolution
	Technologies Driving the Fourth Industrial Revolution
	Artificial Intelligence
	A Brief History and Definition of AI
	Deep Learning and Machine Learning
		Deep Learning
			Machine Learning (ML)
	Chapter Summary
	References
3 Financial Technology (FinTech) an Introduction
	Introduction
	Historical Evolution of Payment System
		Barter Trade
		Coins
		Paper Money and Banknotes
		Bills of Exchange and Cheques
		Cards
		Digital Payments
		Real-Time Gross Settlement (RTGS)
	What Is FinTech?
	Elements of FinTech
	Building Block Technologies for FinTech
	General FinTech Domains
		Digital Payments/Electronic Payment
		Digital Capital Raising
		Digital Lending
		Digital Savings
		Wealth Management and Investment
		Insurance
		Digital Currency—Cryptocurrencies and Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC)
		Digital Asset and Consensus Services
	Open Application Programming Interfaces (API)
		Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT)
		QR Codes
		Biometric Payments
	History of FinTech
		FinTech 1.0 (1886–1967)
		FinTech 2.0 (1967–2008)
		FinTech 3.0 (2008–2014)
		FinTech 3.5 (2014–2017)
			The Focus of FinTech 3.5 Is on Internationalization
		FinTech 4.0 (2018–today)
		FinTech Today
	Chapter Summary
	References
4 A Historical Perspective on Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals
	Introduction
	History Behind Sustainable Development
	The Emergence of the Concept
	Sustainable Development Goals
	Nations and Selected SDGs Targets
	Reduce Child Mortality
	Universal and Equitable Access to Modern Energy Services—Electricity Access
	Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking and Heating
	Improved Water Access in 2020
	Access to Sanitation
	Chapter Summary
	References
Part II Advancing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGS) with FinTech and Artificial Intelligence
5 FinTech and Artificial Intelligence in Addressing Poverty, Towards Sustainable Development
	Introduction
	Definition of Important Terms
	Poverty
	FinTech
	Artificial Intelligence (AI)
	Poverty in the World
	FinTech and Poverty Alleviation
	FinTech and Access to Credit by the Poor and Vulnerable
	Improvement in the Availability of Information
	Social Networks Expansion
	Promotion of Entrepreneurial Activities
	AI Reducing Poverty and Boosting Shared Prosperity: Identifying the Development Opportunities of AI
	AI Productivity and Poverty Reduction
	AI and Access to Essential Services by the Poor and Vulnerable
	AI Identifying and Targeting Poverty
	AI Improving Access to Education
	AI and Digital Financial Inclusion and Agriculture
	Chapter Summary
	References
6 The Role of FinTech and AI in Agriculture, Towards Eradicating Hunger and Ensuring Food Security
	Introduction
	FinTech and Artificial Intelligence on Food Security, Important Literature
	FinTech
	Artificial Intelligence
	Food Security
	FinTech and Food Security and Hunger
	Financial Inclusion and Food Security
	FinTech and Efficiency in Agricultural Supply Chains
	FinTech and Insurance for Smallholder Farmers
	Food Distribution and Transparency in Food Assistance Programmes
	AI Food Security and Hunger
	Crop Forecasting
	Crop Yield Prediction
	Food Safety and Traceability
	Food Waste Reduction
	Artificial Intelligence and Satellite Imagery
	Real-Time Data for Better Agricultural Decisions
	Precision Agriculture
	Chapter Summary
	References
7 Financial Technology, Artificial Intelligence, and the Health Sector, Lessons We Are Learning on Good Health and Well-Being
	Introduction
	FinTech and Healthcare
	FinTech and Healthcare Literature
	FinTech in the Healthcare Sector
	Artificial Intelligence in the Health Sector
	The Role of AI and Machine Learning in Overcoming Health Challenges
	Accelerating Complications of COVID-19 Research and Treatment
	AI, Forecasting, and Customer Communications Scaling
	Identification, Control, and Monitoring
	AI and How to Understand Spread, therapies, and cures for Diseases
	Fourth Industrial and Sustainable Development Goals and AI Lessons
	Conclusion and Policy Recommendation
	References
8 Financial Technology, Digital Transformation, and Quality Education in the Fourth Industrial Revolution
	Introduction
	The Fourth Industrial Revolution and Education
	Industry 4.0, Education and Digital Transformation
	Industry 4.0 in Education
	Digital Transformation in Education
	Key Areas of Digital Transformation in Education
	The Main Focuses of Digital Transformation in Education Are Shown in Fig. 8.3
	Financial Technology, Digital Transformation, and Quality Education in the Fourth Industrial Revolution
	FinTech and Student Loan-Based Ed FinTech
	FinTech and Education Management
	FinTech and Online Learning
	Personalized Learning
	Career Advancement
	Chapter Summary
	References
9 Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Making Transport, Safer, Cleaner, More Reliable, and Efficient in Emerging Markets
	Introduction
	AI Models in the Transport Sector
	Artificial Immune System
	Fuzzy Logic Model
	Ant Colony Optimizer
	Bee Colony Optimization
	A Window of Opportunity for the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Transportation
	The Application of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Making Transport, Safer, Cleaner, More Reliable, and Efficient in Emerging Markets
	Utilizing AI for Planning, Designing, and Controlling the Structures of Transportation Networks
	The Detection of Incidents
	System for the Management of Hazards and Emergencies
	AI and Autonomous Vehicles
	Smart Parking Management
	Limitations Risks and Challenges of AI and ML in Making Transport Safe and Reliable
	Summary
	References
10 FinTech and Climate-Related Challenges in the Fourth Industrial Revolution
	Introduction
	The Fourth Industrial Revolution
	Financial Inclusion
	Financial Technology (FinTech)
	What Is Climate Change?
	Empirical Literature on the Role of Financial Inclusion
	The Role of FinTech for Financial Inclusion in Addressing Climate-Related Challenges in the Fourth Industrial Revolution
	Financial Services as a Strategy for Resilience Building
	Channels Through Which Financial Inclusion Can Help to Address Climate-Related Challenges
	The Poor’s Ability to Save Can Help Them Overcome the Problems Posed by Climate Change
	Climate Change and Credit Access
	Insurance as a Tool for Dealing with Climate Change Issues
	Financial Services as a Means of Increasing Clean Accessibility and Adoption of Clean Technology
	Conclusion/Recommendations
	References
11 Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in the Power Sector
	Introduction
	Machine Learning (ML)
	AI Towards a Smart Power Sector
	The General Access to Electricity
	The Role of AI and ML for Energy Production and Consumption
	Predictive Maintenance of Turbines and Optimize Energy Consumption
	Management of the Grid and the Ability to Accurately Predict Energy Prices
	AI and ML to Correctly Determine Energy Demand and Energy Efficiency in Homes
	Recommendations for Emerging Markets to Maximize AI and ML in Energy
	Looking to the Future
	Conclusion and Recommendations
	References
12 Block Chain for Digital Financial Inclusion Towards Reduced Inequalities
	Introduction
	What Is Block Chain Technology?
	Digital Financial Inclusion
	Industry 4.0
	Sustainable Development
	Empirical Literature Review
	Results and Discussion
	Strategies for Broadening Access to Financial Services Using Blockchain
	Utilize the Potential of Blockchain Technology in Financial Transactions
	Blockchain Technology as a Tool for Boosting Financial Savings
	The Application of Blockchain Technology to the Provision of Credit
	Utilization of Block Chain Technology in the Process of Providing Insurance
	Blockchain Technology, Digital Financial Inclusion, Towards Sustainable Development
	Conclusion and Recommendation
	References
13 The Power of Smart Technologies for Global Partnership for Development
	Introduction
	Sustainable Development Goals
	Sustainable Development Goal 17
	Technology and Partnership for Goals
	Inclusive by Design Online
	Smart Technologies and Their Contribution Towards Global Partnership for Development
		The Fourth Industrial Revolution
		Artificial Intelligence (AI)
		Machine Learning
		Internet of Things
		Block Chain Technology
		Augmented Reality (AR)
		Advanced Robotics
	Chapter Summary
	References
14 FinTech and Financial Inclusion: Application of AI to the Problem of Financial Exclusion What Are the Challenges
	Introduction
	Innovation in Artificial Intelligence for the Financial Sector
	Applications of Artificial Intelligence in the Financial Market, Including Case Studies
	The Implications That Artificial Intelligence Will Have on Financial Inclusion
	A Discussion of the Difficulties of Implementing Artificial Intelligence (AI) Solutions for Excluding People’s Financial Inclusion
	Data Protection and Online Attacks as Obstacles on the Path of Consumer Protection
	Problems Arise from the Lessening of Competition and the Irresponsible Deployment of Artificial Intelligence
	The Problem of Providing Fuel for the Digital Divide, Exclusion, and Displacements
	Conclusion and Policy Recommendation
	References
15 FinTech for Sustainable Development in Emerging Markets with Case Studies
	Introduction
	FinTech Literature in General
	Financial Technology Scope in Emerging Markets
	The FinTech Disruption
	Use of Alternative Data
	Peer-to-Peer Transactions
	Emergence of Non-traditional Players
	Technology Companies
	Mobile Network Operators
	Cash Networks
	E-Retailers
	FinTech in India
	Paytm Case Study
	FinTech in China
	Lufax FinTech in China
	The Benefits of FinTech for Sustainable Development in Emerging Markets
	Increased Access to Financial Services and Financial Inclusion
	Enhanced Financial Security
	Increased Efficiency and Reduction in Costs
	Boosting the Economy
	Chapter Summary
	References
16 Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for Sustainable Development Case Studies in Emerging Markets
	Introduction
	General Investment in Artificial Intelligence
	AI Sectorial Investment Analysis
	Artificial Intelligence in Energy
	Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
	Artificial Intelligence in Education
	Artificial Intelligence in Manufacturing
	AI in Financial Services
	Artificial Intelligence in Transport
	The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture
	Case Studies
	Anti-Theft Technology in Brazil
	FarmDrive
	Branch Mobile Application
	Aadhar Housing Finance Ltd
	Aavas Financiers Ltd.
	Chapter Summary
	References
17 Open AI in Education, the Responsible and Ethical Use of ChatGPT Towards Lifelong Learning
	Introduction
	A Brief History of OpenAI and ChatGTP
	ChatGPT the Meaning
	Empirical Literature Review
	Use of ChatGPT for Education: Challenges
	Use of ChatGPT for Education: Opportunities
	Responsible and Ethical Use of ChatGPT in Education
	Respect for Privacy
	Fairness and Non-Discrimination
	ChatGpt is not a Substitute for Human Teachers
	ChatGPT is not Capable of Comprehending the Surrounding Context
	Responsible AI, It’s Important to Educate Students About AI and Its Limitations
	Transparency in the Use of ChatGPT
	Accuracy of Information
	Conclusion and Policy Recommendations
	References
Part III Conclusion and Policy Recommendations
18 Conclusion on FinTech and Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Development: The Role of Smart Technologies in Achieving Development Goals
	Introduction
	The General Outline of the Book
	Key Recommendations for FinTech and Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Development
	Summary of the Policy Recommendations for FinTech and Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Development
	Conclusion
	References
Index