Failure of Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Composites

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
List of Illustration
Preface
Editor Biographies
Contributors
Chapter 1: Natural Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Composites: Newer Materials for Weight-Sensitive Applications
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 Natural Fibres and Their Origin
	1.3 The Structure of Natural Fibres
	1.4 Properties of Natural Fibres
	1.5 Use of Natural Fibres in Composites
	1.6 Natural Fibre Composites for Packaging Materials
	1.7 Short Areca and Maize Fibre-Reinforced Composites
	1.8 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 2: Ageing and Its Influence on Mechanical Properties of Banana/Sisal Hybrid Composites: An Experimental and Analytical Approach
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Materials and Methods
	2.3 Testing Standards
	2.4 Water Absorption Behaviour
	2.5 Reinforcement Models
		2.5.1 Parallel and Series Model
		2.5.2 Hirsch’s Model
	2.6 Results and Discussion
		2.6.1 Fundamental Water Absorption Mechanism
		2.6.2 Tensile Properties of Composites
		2.6.3 Flexural Properties of Composites
		2.6.4 Impact Properties of Composites
	2.7 Conclusions
	References
Chapter 3: Interfacial Adhesion Improvement of Polymer Composites Using Graphene Fillers
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Graphene: Applicability Spectrum
		3.2.1 Graphene: Improved Mechanical Strength
		3.2.2 Graphene: Improved Thermal Stability
		3.2.3 Graphene: Next-Gen Materials
		3.2.4 Graphene: Improved Fracture Strength
	3.3 Challenges
	3.4 Conclusions
	References
Chapter 4: Failure Models of Composite Structures under Impact Loading
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Damages in Composite Material
	4.3 Classification of Impacts
		4.3.1 High-Velocity Impacts
		4.3.2 Low-Velocity Impacts
	4.4 Prediction of Impact Effects on Composite Materials
		4.4.1 Prediction of Impact Effects
		4.4.2 Impact Responses
	4.5 Modes of Failure
		4.5.1 Matrix Damage
		4.5.2 Delamination
		4.5.3 Fibre Failure
		4.5.4 Penetration
	4.6 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 5: Challenges of Adhesively Bonded Joints and Their Advantages over Mechanical Fastening
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Significance of Multi Material Joints
	5.3 Mechanical Joining Methods
		5.3.1 Nuts and Bolts
		5.3.2 Screws
		5.3.3 Rivets
		5.3.4 Moulded-In Threads
	5.4 Adhesive Bonded Joints
		5.4.1 Adhesive
		5.4.2 Adhesion
		5.4.3 Adherend
		5.4.4 Adhesive Types
		5.4.5 Advantages of Adhesive Joining
		5.4.6 Adhesive Disadvantages
	5.5 Types of Adhesive Bonded Joints
		5.5.1 Co-Curing
		5.5.2 Co-Bonding
		5.5.3 Secondary Bonding
	5.6 Bonded Joint Design and Importance of Process Parameters
	5.7 Surface Treatment
		5.7.1 Basic Surface Treatments
		5.7.2 Fundamental Surface Treatment
		5.7.3 Special Surface Treatment
		5.7.4 Quality Assessment of Surface Preparation using Water Break Test
		5.7.5 Adherend Geometry
		5.7.6 Adhesive Thickness
		5.7.7 Overlap Length
		5.7.8 Fabrication of Adhesively Bonded Joints
		5.7.9 The Steps Involved in Bonded Joint Fabrication ( Jensen et al. 2016 ; Ebnesajjad 2009):
	5.8 Mechanical Characterization of Bonded Joints
		5.8.1 Lap Shear Tests
		5.8.2 The Essential Factors to Be Considered in the Lap Joint Efficiency Test ( Budhea et al. 2017 ; Broughton 2012):
		5.8.3 Fatigue Tests
		5.8.4 Creep Tests
		5.8.5 Post-Failure Analysis
		5.8.6 Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
		5.8.7 Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMTA)
		5.8.8 Computational Simulation Studies Related to Adhesives
		5.8.9 Non-Destructive Test and Evaluation (NDT&E)
	5.9 Environmental Durability of Adhesively Bonded Joints
		5.9.1 Effect of Temperature
		5.9.2 Effect of Hydrothermal Ageing
		5.9.3 Effect of Hygrothermal Ageing
	5.10 Novelty and Advancements in Polymeric Materials
		5.10.1 Nanoreinforced Adhesive
		5.10.2 Interpenetrating Polymeric Network (IPN)
		5.10.3 Adhesive Tapes
	5.11 Complex Geometries Where Adhesive Can Be Applicable Compared to Traditional Joints
	5.12 Advantages of Adhesively Bonded Structural Joints over Mechanical Fastening
	5.13 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
Chapter 6: Damage Identification of Natural Fibre Composites Using Modal Parameters
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Materials and Methods
		6.2.1 Hemp Fibre ( Cannabis sativa)
		6.2.2 Specimen Preparation
		6.2.3 Low-velocity Impact (LVI)
		6.2.4 Modal Analysis
		6.2.5 Modal Assurance Criterion
	6.3 Results and Discussion
		6.3.1 Modal Parameter Identification
		6.3.2 Modal Assurance Criterion
	6.4 Conclusion
	Funding
	Acknowledgements
	References
Chapter 7: An Overview of Adhesive Bonded Composite Joint Failure: Critical Comparison of Co-Curing, Co-Bonding and Secondary Bonding
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 Adhesive Bonded Joints in Composite Materials
	7.3 Adhesive Bonding of Composites
	7.4 Variables Influencing the Reinforced Joints
		7.4.1 Effect of Surface Preparation in Reinforced Joints
		7.4.2 Effect of Potential Failure Initiation Modes
		7.4.3 Joint Configuration Effects
	7.5 Displaying Methods of Composites Failure
		7.5.1 Failure Criterion Method
		7.5.2 Continuum Damage Mechanics Method
		7.5.3 Plasticity Method
		7.5.4 Delamination Modelling
	7.6 Environmental Parameters Influencing Efficiency of Bonded Joints
		7.6.1 Moisture in Pre-Bond
		7.6.2 Moisture in Post-Bond
		7.6.3 Temperature
		7.6.4 Combined Effect of Temperature and Moisture
	7.7 Conclusions
	References
Chapter 8: Vibro-Acoustic Behaviour of a Damaged Honeycomb Core
	8.1 Some Studies on Damaged Honeycomb Cores
	8.2 A Vibro-acoustic Method for Damaged Cores
	8.3 Results for Core’s Vibro-acoustic Responses
		8.3.1 Experimental Work on Damaged Cores
		8.3.2 Numerical Simulation for Damaged Cores
	8.4 A Brief Conclusion for the Damaged Cores
	8.5 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 9: Synthesis of Green Hybrid Composite Films for Packaging Applications: Comparative Study with Conventional Materials
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 Material and Methods
		9.2.1 Materials
		9.2.2 Pretreatment of NBH
		9.2.3 Preparation of Films
	9.3 Measurements
		9.3.1 Scanning Electron Microscopy
		9.3.2 Water Absorption
		9.3.3 Mechanical Properties
		9.3.4 Light Transmittance
		9.3.5 Natural Soil Burial
	9.4 Results
		9.4.1 Mechanical Properties
		9.4.2 Water Uptake
		9.4.3 Optical Properties
		9.4.4 Soil Burial Test
		9.4.5 SEM
		9.4.6 Comparative Study of Hybrid Films
	9.5 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 10: Damage to Polymer Matrix in Transport Applications
	10.1 Introduction
	10.2 Use of Polymer Composite Materials in Transportation Applications
	10.3 Damage in Polymer Matrix Composites
	10.4 Damage Mechanisms in PMCs
		10.4.1 Interfacial Debonding
		10.4.2 Matrix Micro Cracking/Intra-laminar Cracking
		10.4.3 Interfacial Sliding
		10.4.4 Delamination/Interlaminar Cracking
		10.4.5 Manufacturing Defects
		10.4.6 Conclusion
	10.5 Failure Mechanisms of Polymer Matrix Composites in Transport Applications
		10.5.1 Aerospace Applications
		10.5.2 Marine Applications
		10.5.3 Automotive Applications
	10.6 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 11: A Review of Natural Fibre Composites for Orthopaedic Plate Applications
	11.1 Introduction
	11.2 Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Composites
	11.3 Natural Fibre Polymer Composites
	11.4 Hybrid Composites
	11.5 Summary
	References
Chapter 12: Failure of Polymer Matrix in Space Applications
	12.1 Introduction
	12.2 Mechanical Failures
		12.2.1 Natural-Fibre PMC
		12.2.2 Glass-Fibre/Carbon-Fibre PMC
	12.3 Wear Failure
	12.4 Summary
	References
Index