Exploring the Blue Bioeconomy: Marine Bioresources and Sustainable Applications

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Author
Chapter 1: Major Sectors of Blue Bioeconomy
	1.1. What is Biotechnology?
	1.2. Blue Bioeconomy on the World Scale
	1.3. Important Sectors and Industries Associated with Marine Bioresources in the Blue Bioeconomy
		1.3.1. Fishing Industry
		1.3.2. Biomedical Industry
		1.3.3. Marine and Coastal Tourism
		1.3.4. Marine Renewable Energy
		1.3.5. Marine Bioprospecting
		1.3.6. Marine Mining and Mineral Resources
		1.3.7. Marine Waste Management
	1.4. Future Directions
	References
Chapter 2: Seaweeds
	2.1. General Facts about Seaweeds
	2.2. Botanical Facts about Seaweeds
	2.3. Reproduction in Seaweeds
		2.3.1. Asexual Reproduction
		2.3.2. Sexual Reproduction
	2.4. Classification of Seaweeds
	2.5. Composition of Seaweeds
	2.6. Bioactive Compounds Reported from Edible Seaweeds
		2.6.1. Seaweed Polysaccharides
		2.6.2. Seaweed Phlorotannin
		2.6.3. Carotenoids
		2.6.4. Sterols
	2.7. Limitations Related to the Bioactive Compounds Isolated from Seaweeds
		2.7.1. Presence of Heavy Metals
		2.7.2. Validation of Bioactive Properties
		2.7.3. The Toxic Nature of Solvents and High Cost
		2.7.4. Structural Characterization of Purified Compounds
		2.7.5. Improving the Yield and Characteristics of the Seaweed-Based Product
	2.8. Future Directions
	References
Chapter 3: Marine Bacteria and Cyanobacteria
	3.1. Introduction to Marine Microorganisms
	3.2. Major Types of Marine Microorganisms
		3.2.1. Marine Bacteria
	3.3. Marine Cyanobacteria
	3.4. Future Prospectives
	References
Chapter 4: Marine Fungi
	4.1. General Facts about Fungi
	4.2. Classifications, Origin, and Habitats of Marine Fungi
	4.3. Application of Marine Fungi
		4.3.1. Enzymes Isolated from Marine Fungi
		4.3.2. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Degradation Properties of Marine Fungi
		4.3.3. Heavy Metals Bioabsorption Properties of Marine Fungi
		4.3.4. Surface-active Proteins (Hydrophobins) of Marine Fungi
	4.4. Future Directions
	References
Chapter 5: Marine Microalgae
	5.1. Introduction
	5.2. Cultivation of Microalgae
		5.2.1. Open Systems
		5.2.2. Closed Systems
	5.3. Microalgae Harvesting Techniques
		5.3.1. Harvesting Techniques of Microalgae
	5.4. Applications of Marine Microalgae
		5.4.1. Applications of Microalgae in the Food Industry
		5.4.2. Agricultural Applications
		5.4.3. Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics Applications of Microalgae
		5.4.4. Wastewater Treatment Applications of Microalgae
		5.4.5. Biofuel Production
	5.5. Future Directions
	References
Chapter 6: Marine Nematodes
	6.1. Biodiversity and Taxonomy of Marine Nematodes
	6.2. Applications of Marine Nematodes
		6.2.1. Marine Nematodes in Aquaculture and Fisheries Management
		6.2.2. Marine Nematodes as Ecosystem Architects and Emerging Pathogens
		6.2.3. Effects of Nematodes in the Seafood Industry and Aquaculture
		6.2.4. Marine Nematodes in Environmental Monitoring and Bioindication
		6.2.5. Contribution of Marine Nematodes to Nutrient Cycling in Marine Ecosystems
		6.2.6. Biotechnological Potential of Marine Nematodes
		6.2.7. Bioremediation Potential of Marine Nematodes in Polluted Environments
	6.3. Future Directions
	References
Chapter 7: Applications of Marine Bioresources
	7.1. Introduction
	7.2. Applications of Marine Plant Resources in New Plant Fertilizer Products
		7.2.1. Biostimulation Properties Reported from Marine Plant Fertilizers
		7.2.2. Alleviation of Soil Salinity Stress
		7.2.3. Aquaponics and Hydroponics Applications
		7.2.4. Stimulate Root Growth and Nutrient Uptake
		7.2.5. Biodegradable Mulching Materials
		7.2.6. Disease Resistance and Plant Immunity
	7.3. Roles of Bioactive Marine Compounds in the Functional Food Industry
		7.3.1. Antioxidant Properties Reported from Marine Organisms
	7.4. Medicinal Value of Marine Bioresources
		7.4.1. Antibiotics
		7.4.2. Antiviral Properties of Marine Organisms
		7.4.3. Anticancer Compounds
		7.4.4. Anti-Inflammatory Agents
		7.4.5. Cardiovascular Medications
	7.5. Cosmeceuticals from Marine Organisms
	7.6. Applications of Gelatin Separated from Marine Fish By-Products
		7.6.1. General Extraction Protocol of Fish Gelatin
		7.6.2. Food Industry Applications of Gelatin
		7.6.3. Other Potential Applications of Fish Gelatin
	7.7. Future Directions
	References
Chapter 8: Circular Economy Principles Related to the Blue Bioeconomy
	8.1. Marine Waste Management and Recycling
		8.1.1. Plastic as Marine Contaminant
		8.1.2. Marine Plastic Management Strategies
	8.2. Upcycling of Marine Resources and By-Products
		8.2.1. Principles of Upcycling
		8.2.2. Applications of Upcycling across Industries
		8.2.3. Environmental Stewardship and Waste Reduction with Upcycling Principles
		8.2.4. Community Engagement and Education
		8.2.5. Challenges Associated with Upcycling and Future Outlook
	8.3. Sustainability and Marine Biotechnology
		8.3.1. Major Sectors can Benefit from Marine Biotechnology
	8.4. Establishing Circular Supply Chains for Sustainable Marine Resource Management
		8.4.1. What is Circular Supply Chain?
		8.4.2. Key Components of Circular Supply Chains in Marine Resource Management
		8.4.3. Benefits of Circular Supply Chains in Marine Resource Management
	8.5. Future Directions
	References
Index