Exploitation of Outfield Resources: Joint Research at the University Museums of Norway

Foreword 4
Wild reindeer exploitation
The hunting history – part of important know-how in the wild reindeer management / Per Jordhøy & Runar Hole 9
New traces of wild reindeer hunting in the alpine areas in Northern Norway / Ingrid Sommerseth 19
Medieval reindeer trapping at the Hardangervidda mountain plateau / Svein Indrelid 29
Use of pitfall traps in wild reindeer hunting in the mountains of South West Norway: The location, construction method and use of the hunting sites / Sveinung Bang-Andersen 37
Trapping pits for reindeer – a discussion on construction and dating / Jostein Bergstøl 49
Chronological patterns among archaeological finds from snow patches in Central Norway 1914–2011 / Martin Callanan 55
DNA from ancient reindeer antler as marker for transport routes and movement of craftspeople, raw material and products in medieval Scandinavia / Knut H. Røed & Gitte Hansen 69
The medieval reindeer population (Rangifer tarandus) from the high mountain plateau Hardangervidda, Southern Norway: work in progress / Liselotte M. Takken Beijersbergen 75
Iron extraction
The bloomery in Mid-Norway: A retrospective glance and foresight / Lars F. Stenvik 85
How did the natives of North Norway secure the supply of iron in the Iron Age? / Roger Jørgensen 99
Late Iron Age (ca. AD 6/700–1000) – a white spot in the iron extraction history? / Bernt Rundberget 107
Soapstone extraction
Soapstone in Northern Norway: Research status, production evidence and quarry survey results / Stephen Wickler 117
Possibilities for a society analysis by means of soapstone – examples from Helgeland, Northern Norway / Birgitta Berglund 129
The medieval quarries at Sparbu: A Central Norwegian "little sister" of the Purbeck quarry landscape in England / Per Storemyr 141
From collection to quarry – Lyse Abbey’s role as soapstone supplier in the Middle Ages / Alf Tore Hommedal 155
Provenancing soapstone – experiences from different geochemical methods / Øystein J. Jansen 167
Perspectives on the characterization of ancient soapstone quarries / Tom Heldal 175
Landscape exploitation and transformation
Resource exploitation and settlement in mountain areas in Southern Norway during the Early Iron Age – an altered perception of landscape and landscape use? / Kathrine Stene 191
The outfields as a precondition for farming in the early historical period / Jan Anders Timberlid 203
Market places in "Mountain-land" – a research project on communication and exchange of commodities in the Viking Age and the Middle Ages / Kjetil Loftsgarden 215
Contextualizing cup marks: An approach for a better dating and understanding of their meaning and function / Trond Klungseth Lødøen 223
Osteological assemblages from rock shelters as source data for subsistence from Bronze Age to the Middle Ages in Western Norway / Anne Karin Hufthammer 231
Open landscapes and the use of outfield resources through time – methodological aspects and potential of pollen analysis / Kari Loe Hjelle 241
Authors 254