Evolutionary and Ecological Approaches to the Study of Personality (Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B)

Contents......Page 3
Introduction......Page 5
Recent advances on the theoretical front......Page 6
Alternative viewpoints on behaviour......Page 8
Developmental sources of behavioural consistency......Page 9
Personality expression and the social context......Page 10
REFERENCES......Page 11
Patterns of individual variation requiring explanation......Page 15
Models based on differences in state......Page 16
Models investigating the feedback between state and behaviour......Page 17
Feedback between energy reserves and foraging behaviour under predation risk......Page 20
Models that are not based on state differences......Page 21
Signalling, communication and adaptive personality differences......Page 22
Why variation in plasticity?......Page 23
REFERENCES......Page 24
State-dependent behaviour......Page 27
Differences in inherently stable states......Page 28
Differences in labile states......Page 29
No relevant state differences......Page 30
Externally induced differences in states......Page 31
Spatio-temporal variation in the environment......Page 32
Non-equilibrium dynamics......Page 33
REFERENCES......Page 34
Introduction......Page 37
Selection on behaviour  and metabolic rate......Page 38
Discussion......Page 40
REFERENCES......Page 41
Introduction......Page 44
Adaptive behavioural syndromes......Page 45
Asset protection model......Page 47
Asset protection model......Page 48
State-dependent safety model......Page 49
Variation in resources......Page 50
Ecological conditions resulting in adaptive behavioural syndromes......Page 51
Discussion......Page 52
REFERENCES......Page 55
Introduction......Page 58
Association studies......Page 59
Candidate gene approach......Page 60
Evolutionary history of genetic personality correlates......Page 61
Comparative genomics......Page 63
REFERENCES......Page 64
Introduction......Page 68
Box 1.......Page 70
Box 2.......Page 71
Box 3.......Page 72
What can whole genome data tell us about the extent of similarity in personality among species?......Page 74
Summing up and future directions......Page 75
REFERENCES......Page 76
Introduction......Page 80
Describing the behavioural genotype......Page 81
Reaction norms, indirect genetic effects and behavioural syndromes......Page 82
Modelling the multivariate response to selection......Page 83
Conclusions......Page 84
REFERENCES......Page 85
Introduction......Page 88
Behavioural flexibility......Page 89
Causal mechanisms......Page 90
Prefrontal cortex and behavioural flexibility......Page 91
Concluding remarks......Page 92
REFERENCES......Page 93
Introduction and definition of concepts......Page 96
Effects of experience on personality development......Page 98
Developmental reaction norms and contextual generality......Page 99
The effects of niche-picking and niche-construction on personality development......Page 102
Estimating the functional significance of personality when personality changes over time......Page 103
Robust contextual generality......Page 104
Conclusions......Page 105
REFERENCES......Page 106
Introduction......Page 109
Descriptive work......Page 110
Proximate mechanisms......Page 111
What is a personality trait?......Page 112
How important are personality differences?......Page 113
REFERENCES......Page 114
Introduction......Page 117
Within-population studies......Page 118
Potential pace-of-life syndromes at the interpopulation and interspecies levels......Page 120
Some cautions about the pace-of-life syndrome model......Page 121
Assessing selection on multiple traits and at multiple levels......Page 122
Predicting the distribution of traits along ecological gradients or different ecological conditions......Page 123
Conclusion......Page 124
REFERENCES......Page 125
Introduction......Page 130
From behavioural-dependent to personality-dependent dispersal......Page 131
Activity, exploration and boldness......Page 132
Aggressiveness......Page 133
Personality-dependent dispersal in varying ecological contexts......Page 134
Proximate factors associated with personality-dependent dispersal......Page 135
Concluding remarks and future directions......Page 137
REFERENCES......Page 138
Introduction......Page 142
Parasitism as an ecological factor influencing behaviour, personality and syndromes......Page 143
Behaviour and the risk of parasite infection......Page 145
Indirect effects on personality evolution: parasite infections that alter host state......Page 146
Feedback processes, behavioural consistency and parasites......Page 147
Behavioural syndromes as targets for behaviour-manipulating parasites......Page 148
Prospects for future research......Page 149
REFERENCES......Page 150
Introduction......Page 154
Behavioural recording during the habitat saturation experiment......Page 156
Settlement and body size......Page 157
Social networks......Page 158
Aggression network......Page 159
Affiliation network......Page 160
Discussion......Page 161
REFERENCES......Page 162
Aims of review......Page 164
What can we measure about individuals in networks?......Page 165
Evolution of personalities......Page 168
Future perspectives......Page 169
REFERENCES......Page 170