Evolution Second edition

Cover (Evolution)
Front Matter
	Half Title
	Title Page
	Dedication
	Copyright
	Brief Contents
	Contents
	About the Authors
	Preface
Part I - Foundations of Evolutionary Biology
	Chapter 1 - An Overview of Evolutionary Biology
		1.1 - A Brief Introduction to Evolution, Natural Selection, and Phylogenetics
		1.2 - Empirical and Theoretical Approaches to the Study of Evolution
	Chapter 2 - Early Evolutionary Ideas and
		2.1 - The Nature of Science: Natural versus Supernatural Explanations
		2.2 - Time and a Changing World
		2.3 - The Origins and Diversity of Life
		2.4 - Organisms Are Well-Suited to Their Environments
		2.5 - Darwin’s Theory
		2.6 - Darwin on Natural Selection
		2.7 - Darwin on Common Ancestry
		2.8 - Problems with Darwin’s Theory
		2.9 - The Reaction to Darwin and Early History of the Modern Synthesis
	Chapter 3 - Natural Selection
		3.1 - The Components of Natural Selection
		3.2 - Adaptations
		3.3 - Natural Selection in the Field
		3.4 - Natural Selection in the Laboratory
		3.5 - Origin of Complex Traits
		3.6 - Constraints on What Natural Selection Can Achieve
	Chapter 4 - Phylogeny and Evolutionary History
		4.1 - Phylogenies Reflect Evolutionary History
		4.2 - Reading Phylogenetic Trees
		4.3 - Traits on Trees
		4.4 - Homology and Analogy
		4.5 - Using Phylogenies to Generate and Test Evolutionary Hypotheses
	Chapter 5 - Inferring Phylogeny
		5.1 - Building Trees
		5.2 - Parsimony
		5.3 - Distance Methods
		5.4 - Rooting Trees
		5.5 - How Many Different Trees Are There?
		5.6 - Phylogenies and Statistical Confidence
		5.7 - Fossil Evidence of Evolutionary History
		5.8 - Phylogeny, Natural Selection, and the Comparative Method
Part II - Evolutionary Genetics
	Chapter 6 - Transmission Genetics and the
		6.1 - Mendel’s Laws
		6.2 - Transmission Genetics
		6.3 - Variation and Mutation
		6.4 - Mutation Rates and Fitness Consequences
	Chapter 7 - The Genetics of Populations
		7.1 - Individual-Level versus Population-Level Thinking
		7.2 - The Hardy–Weinberg Model: A Null Model for Population Genetics
		7.3 - Natural Selection
		7.4 - Mutation
		7.5 - Nonrandom Mating
		7.6 - Migration
		7.7 - Consequences on Variation within and between Populations
	Chapter 8 - Evolution in Finite Populations
		8.1 - Random Change and Genetic Drift
		8.2 - Coalescent Theory and the Genealogy of Genes
		8.3 - Demography, Biogeography, and Drift
		8.4 - The Interplay of Drift, Mutation, and Natural Selection
		8.5 - The Neutral Theory of Molecular Evolution
	Chapter 9 - Evolution at Multiple Loci
		9.1 - Polygenic Traits and the Nature of Heredity
		9.2 - Population Genetics of Multiple Loci
		9.3 - Adaptive Landscapes
		9.4 - Quantitative Genetics
	Chapter 10 - Genome Evolution
		10.1 - Whole-Genome Sequencing
		10.2 - Resolving the Paradoxes of Genome Size
		10.3 - Content and Structure of Viral Genomes
		10.4 - Content and Structure of Bacterial and Archaeal Genomes
		10.5 - Content and Structure of Eukaryotic Nuclear Genomes
Part III - The History of Life
	Chapter 11 - The Origin and Evolution of Early Life
		11.1 - What Is Life?
		11.2 - The Origin and Evolution of the Building Blocks of Life
		11.3 - The Evolution of Protocells
		11.4 - The RNA World
		11.5 - Genetic Information and Genetic Exchange
		11.6 - Metabolic Networks, Minimal Gene Sets, and Cell Evolution
	Chapter 12 - Major Transitions
		12.1 - Overview of Major Transitions
		12.2 - Major Transition: The Evolution of the Eukaryotic Cell
		12.3 - Major Transition: The Evolution of Multicellularity
		12.4 - Major Transition: The Evolution of Individuality
		12.5 - Major Transition: Solitary to Group Living
	Chapter 13 - Evolution and Development
		13.1 - Evo–Devo: A Brief History
		13.2 - Regulation, Expression, and Switches
		13.3 - Evo–Devo and Gene Duplication
		13.4 - Evo–Devo and Neural Crest Cells
	Chapter 14 - Species and Speciation
		14.1 - The Species Problem
		14.2 - Modes of Speciation
		14.3 - Reproductive Isolating Mechanisms and the Genetics of Speciation
	Chapter 15 - Extinction and Evolutionary Trends
		15.1 - The Concept of Extinction
		15.2 - Background Extinction
		15.3 - Mass Extinction
		15.4 - Factors Correlated with Extinction
		15.5 - Rates of Evolutionary Change and Evolutionary Trends
Part IV - Evolutionary Interactions
	Chapter 16 - Sex and Sexual Selection
		16.1 - Asexual and Sexual Reproduction
		16.2 - The Costs of Sexual Reproduction
		16.3 - The Benefits of Sexual Reproduction
		16.4 - Sexual Reproduction Leads to Sexual Selection
		16.5 - Intersexual Selection
		16.6 - Intrasexual Selection and Sexual Conflict
	Chapter 17 - The Evolution of Sociality
		17.1 - Cooperation
		17.2 - Conflict
		17.3 - Information and Communication
	Chapter 18 - Coevolution
		18.1 - Coevolution and Mutualism
		18.2 - Antagonistic Coevolution
		18.3 - Mosaic Coevolution
		18.4 - Gene–Culture Coevolution
	Chapter 19 - Human Evolution
		19.1 - Evolutionary Relationships among the Great Apes
		19.2 - The Hominin Clade
		19.3 - The Emergence of Anatomically Modern Humans
		19.4 - Interbreeding among Humans, Neanderthals, and Denisovans
		19.5 - Migration of Modern Humans
	Chapter 20 - Evolution and Medicine
		20.1 - Vulnerability to Disease
		20.2 - Fever
		20.3 - Coevolutionary Arms Races between Pathogens and Hosts
		20.4 - Phylogenetic Constraint and Vulnerability to Choking
		20.5 - Senescence
Answers to Key Concept Questions
Glossary
References
Credits
Index