European Nutrition and Health Report 2009 (Forum of Nutrition, Vol. 62)

Contents......Page 6
Preface......Page 8
Countries of European Nutrition and Health Report 2009......Page 10
Other abbreviations......Page 11
Partners......Page 12
Collaborating Organizations......Page 14
1 Executive Summary......Page 15
Supply in Europe Over the Last Four Decades......Page 16
Food Availability at Household Level in Europe......Page 17
On the Basis of the EFSA Concise Database......Page 19
Children......Page 20
Adults......Page 21
Indicators of Health Status in Europe......Page 22
Food and Nutrition Policies in Countries of the European Union......Page 24
Conclusions......Page 25
2 Outlook......Page 26
3 Project Background and Methodological Aspects......Page 28
On the Basis of the FAO Food Balance Sheets......Page 31
Potatoes......Page 32
Cereals......Page 33
Oil Crops......Page 36
Animal Fats......Page 38
Pork......Page 40
Fish and Seafood......Page 42
Beer......Page 44
Comparison of the Supply of Different Food Groups (1961 and 2003)......Page 46
Fruit, Vegetables and Pulses......Page 47
Alcoholic Beverages......Page 56
The DAFNE Network (Only for the Countries Participating in the ENHR 2009 and Presented in This Report)......Page 57
Data Collection......Page 59
Conversion of Expenses to Food Quantities......Page 60
Results Retrieved from the DAFNE Databank – Food Availability in Europe......Page 61
Discussion......Page 72
Acknowledgment......Page 73
Food Consumption in Adults on the Basis of the EFSA Concise Food Consumption Database (EFSA)......Page 74
7.1 Methodology......Page 82
Background......Page 83
Comparison of Countries......Page 86
Comparison of Countries......Page 91
Comparison of Regions......Page 101
Comparison of Countries......Page 102
Comparison of Regions......Page 103
Background......Page 112
Comparison of Regions......Page 113
Comparison of Countries......Page 121
Comparison of Regions......Page 123
Comparison of Countries......Page 130
Comparison of Regions......Page 131
Comparison of Countries......Page 134
Comparison of Regions......Page 135
Comparison of Countries......Page 137
Comparison of Regions......Page 143
Comparison of Countries......Page 148
Background......Page 149
Comparison of Countries......Page 158
Comparison of Regions......Page 160
Comparison of Countries......Page 161
Comparison of Countries......Page 168
Comparison of Regions......Page 170
Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents......Page 171
BMI, Overweight and Obesity in Adults......Page 176
BMI, Overweight and Obesity in Elderly (65+ Years)......Page 178
8.3 Mortality/Morbidity......Page 185
Incidence of Malignant Neoplasms......Page 189
Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus......Page 195
8.5 Alcohol Consumption......Page 196
Concept of Health-Enhancing Physical Activity – Recommendations and Surveillance......Page 200
National Surveillance Systems in Europe......Page 201
Adults – Selected Findings......Page 202
Children and Adolescents – Selected Findings......Page 205
Outlook and Recommendations for the Future......Page 207
8.7 Breastfeeding......Page 210
Data on Breastfeeding in European Countries......Page 211
Introduction......Page 216
Food and Nutrition Policy in the Participating Countries......Page 217
FNP as an Intersectorial Approach......Page 232
Examples for FNP Implementation Actions......Page 233
FNP Addresses Health Issues......Page 235
FNP, National Dimension and the Global Action Plan......Page 236
FNP to Ensure Diet Quality......Page 238
FNP for Health Promotion and Prevention of Chronic Diseases......Page 239
Forms and Implementation of FNP......Page 240
Discussion......Page 241
Acknowledgements......Page 243
Nutrition Surveillance Methods – Potential and Limitations......Page 244
Food Supply, Availability and Consumption in European Regions......Page 245
Reported Daily Energy and Macronutrient Intake in the EU Regions......Page 247
Selected Micronutrients......Page 248
Overweight/Obesity, Physical Activity and Health Indicators in the EU......Page 249
Annex......Page 251
Prevalence of Overweight and Other Health Indicators......Page 264
Energy and Nutrient Intake......Page 266
Minerals......Page 268
Nutritional Status of Some Austrian Population Groups......Page 269
Focus on Pregnant Women......Page 270
Introduction......Page 272
Methodology of the Belgian Food Consumption Survey (FCS)......Page 274
Methodology of the Flemish Growth Study......Page 275
Discussion......Page 276
6th Nationwide Anthropological Survey......Page 277
Infant Feeding in the Czech Republic......Page 278
Nutrition Practices of the Czech Children before and at Early School Age......Page 279
Longitudinal Follow-Up (15 Years) Study of the Trend of Nutrition of the 1% Random Sample of Population of a District of Central Bohemia......Page 280
Biological Monitoring Project in the Czech Republic......Page 281
Nutrition Survey in the Homeless Population......Page 282
Data Sources......Page 283
The National Health Interview Survey 1987–2005......Page 284
Other Foods......Page 285
Energy and Macronutrients......Page 286
Physical Activity......Page 288
Life Expectancy and Lifestyle-Related Disorders......Page 289
Social Inequality......Page 290
11.5 Estonia......Page 291
Adolescents......Page 293
Adults......Page 294
Elderly......Page 296
11.6 Finland......Page 299
Infants and Children Under 7 Years of Age......Page 301
Adults and Elderly......Page 303
Vitamin D fortification in Finland......Page 306
Conclusions......Page 307
Background......Page 308
The French Nutrition and Health Survey 2006/2007 (ENNS)......Page 309
Nutritional Status of Adults......Page 310
Conclusion......Page 312
The German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents......Page 313
The German National Nutrition Survey II......Page 314
Anthropometric Measurements According to Socioeconomic Status......Page 316
Energy and Nutrient Intake......Page 317
Preamble......Page 318
Children and Adolescents 10–15 Years Old......Page 319
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding......Page 321
National Dietary Surveys in Hungary......Page 323
Energy and Nutrient Intake......Page 324
Nutritional Biomarkers......Page 327
Anthropometric Data......Page 328
Household Budget Survey (HBS)......Page 330
Health Indicators......Page 331
Introduction......Page 333
Dietary Habits......Page 334
Dietary Profile......Page 337
Focus on Specific Issues......Page 341
Research Team and Acknowledgements......Page 343
Body Mass Index......Page 344
Physical Activity......Page 347
11.14 Lithuania......Page 348
National Nutrition Survey......Page 349
Health Behavior Survey among Lithuanian Adult Population......Page 350
Health Behavior Survey in School-Aged Children......Page 351
Conclusions......Page 352
Subjects......Page 353
Food Diary......Page 354
Subjects......Page 355
Questionnaire......Page 356
Intake of Sugar among Norwegian Children and Adolescents......Page 357
Intake of Cod Liver Oil and Vitamin D among Norwegians......Page 358
11.16 Poland......Page 359
Survey Results......Page 360
Survey Results......Page 363
Health Status of Polish Population......Page 364
Food and Nutrient Intake......Page 365
Nutritional Status......Page 366
Conclusion......Page 368
Health Status and Main Causes of Death......Page 370
Food Intake, Feeding Habits, and Nutritional Status......Page 372
Introduction......Page 376
Dietary Habits Adults......Page 377
General Comments......Page 379
Study Methodology......Page 380
Risk of Inadequate Intakes......Page 381
Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet......Page 383
Adults......Page 385
Children......Page 387
Smoking......Page 390
General Comments......Page 391
Dutch National Food Consumption Surveys......Page 392
Vitamins and Minerals......Page 393
Role of Supplements......Page 395
Discussion......Page 396
Sample Selection......Page 398
Survey Components......Page 399
Health Survey for England......Page 400
Obesity......Page 401
Diet......Page 402
Summary Findings......Page 403
Local and Regional Health Profiles......Page 404
References......Page 405
Subject Index......Page 420