European Conference on Laboratory Astrophysics ECLA2020: The Interplay of Dust, Ice, and Gas in Space

Organization
Preface
Contents
Star Formation and Molecular Complexity
Interstellar Complex Organic Molecules in Solar-Type Star-Forming Regions: From Observations to Laboratory, Theoretical Computations and Models
	1 Introduction
	2 Theories of iCOM Formation
		2.1 Gas+grain Chemistry
		2.2 Only Grain Chemistry
	3 iCOMs in Prestellar Cores
		3.1 Observations of iCOMs in PSCs
		3.2 Formation of iCOMs in PSCs
	4 iCOMs in Hot Corinos
		4.1 Observations of iCOMs in Hot Corinos
		4.2 Formation of iCOMs in Hot Corinos
	5 Conclusions and Perspectives
	References
Gas Phase Chemistry Leading to Interstellar Complex Organic Molecules: There is Still Much to Learn
	1 Introduction
		1.1 What is the Status of Our Knowledge of Gas-Phase Reactions in the Interstellar Medium?
	2 Collision-Free Experiments, the Nature of Reaction Products and their Branching Ratios
	3 Beyond Laboratory Experiments: The Contribution of Theoretical Calculations
	4 The Deuteration of Second-Generation iCOMs from Gas-Phase Reactions: The Case of Partially Deuterated Formamide
	5 Conclusions
	References
Formation of Complex Molecules in the Translucent Phase via ``non-energetic'' Processing on C2H2 Ice
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	References
The Nanocosmos Receivers for Laboratory Astrophysics and Radioastronomical Observations: GACELA and QUIJOTE
	1 Chemical Complexity and Nanocosmos
	2 The GACELA Gas Cell
		2.1 The Radio Receivers
		2.2 GACELA Observation of N-Ethyl Formamide
	3 The QUIJOTE Line Survey of TMC-1
	References
Exploring the Chemistry Induced by Energetic Processing of the H2-Bearing, CO-Rich Ice Layer
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	References
A Computational Approach to Radical-Radical Reactivity on Amorphous Ice
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Approximate Efficiencies
	References
Condensation of Atomic Carbon: Routes Towards Organics
	References
Dust From Evolved Stars to the ISM
Dust in the Diffuse ISM
	1 Introduction
	2 Reddening
	3 Observational Constraints of ISM Dust
	4 Silicate Grains
	5 ISM Dust Model
	References
Gas and Dust in the Circumstellar Envelopes of Stars on (and Beyond) the AGB
	1 Introduction
	2 AGB Stars and Their CSEs
	3 Circumstellar Gas and Dust Compositions
	4 Circumstellar Gas Chemistry
		4.1 Parent Species, Photodissociation, and Daughter Species
		4.2 Complications: Shocks, Clumps, Large-Scale Asymmetries, Dust-Grain Chemistry, and Companions
	5 Circumstellar Dust Chemistry
	6 Room for Improvements
	References
The Corundum Conundrum
	1 Introduction
	2 Alumina Dust in Circumstellar Envelopes
		2.1 Molecular Precursors
		2.2 Al-O Clusters
		2.3 Thermochemistry
	References
Late-Type Stars Seen at High Spectral Resolution at Mid-Infrared Wavelengths
	1 Introduction
	2 Experiments and Data Provision
	3 Observations and Data Reduction
	4 Results and Conclusion
	References
The Stardust Machine Project
	1 Introduction
	2 Physical Conditions in the Dust Nucleation Zone of the CSE
	3 The Stardust Machine Project
		3.1 The SGAS Module (MICS)
		3.2 The Physical Modules
		3.3 The Analysis Modules
	4 Application Examples
		4.1 Carbon and Hydrogen
		4.2 Carbon and Acetylene
		4.3 Silicon and Hydrogen
		4.4 Carbon, Silicon and Hydrogen
	References
Generation of Interstellar Carbonaceous Dust Analogs in C2H2 Plasmas: Gas-Phase Reactions and Particle Properties
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Experimental Setup
	2 Kinetic Model
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
PAHs, Carbon Clusters and Fullerenes in Cosmic Dust Analogues and Meteorites
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Techniques
		2.1 AROMA
		2.2 From Detected m/z to Family Analysis
	3 Results
		3.1 Cosmic Dust
		3.2 Meteorites
	4 Conclusion
	References
Chemical and Physical Processes in the ISM
Physics and Chemistry of PhotoDissociation Regions
	1 Introduction
	2 Photodissociation Regions
	3 H2 Formation
		3.1 Diffuse Clouds
		3.2 H2 Formation in PDRs: Dust
		3.3 H2 Formation in PDRs: PAHs
		3.4 Summary
	4 Photo-electric Heating
	5 The IR Emission Spectrum of PAHs
		5.1 IR Absorption Spectra of PAHs
		5.2 IR Emission Models
		5.3 Summary
	6 The Chemistry of PAHs
	7 GrandPAH
	8 Future Directions
	References
H2 Formation on Interstellar Dust Grains: The Viewpoints of Theory, Experiments, Models and Observations
	1 Observing H2 in the Universe
	2 Processes for H2 Formation on Dust Grains
	3 Processes for H2 formation involving PAHs
	4 H2 Formation in Space
		4.1 Diffuse Clouds
		4.2 Photo-dissociation Regions
	5 Conclusions
	References
Structural, Dynamical and Spectroscopic Properties of Atomic Carbon Clusters and Clusters of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
	1 Introduction
	2 Atomic Carbon Clusters: Structural Diversity and Spectroscopy
	3 Molecular PAH Clusters: Dynamics and Spectroscopy
	4 Conclusion
	References
Hydrogen Reactions and IR Spectroscopy of Molecules of Astrophysical Interest in Para-Hydrogen Matrices
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Experimental Details
		2.2 Quantum-Chemical Computations
	3 Results and Discussion
	References
Searching for Stable Fullerenes in Space with Computational Chemistry
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results and Conclusions
	References
DESIREE: A Laboratory Astrophysics Experiment with Cryogenically Cooled Electrostatic Ion Beam Storage Rings
	1 Introduction
	2 The Tool: DESIREE
	3 Long-Time Storage and Relaxation of Internal Degrees of Freedom
	4 Merged-Beams Experiments
	5 Concluding Remarks
	References
Almost Clean Formation of Indene  in the Allyl + o-Benzyne Reaction
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Ultrafast XUV Sources to Study Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Diamondoids
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Set-Up
	3 Ultrafast Processes Following XUV Ionization
		3.1 Non-adiabatic Electron-Vibration Dynamics Following XUV Photoionization
		3.2 Vibrational Dynamics Following XUV Photoionization
		3.3 Coherent Dynamics Following XUV Photoionization
	4 Discussion and Conclusion
	References
Gas Phase IR Spectra of Hydrogen Functionalised Pentacene
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
	3 Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
High-Energy Processing of Ices in Space
	1 Introduction
	2 COMs Formation in Irradiated Ices
	3 Organic Residues
		3.1 Organic Residues Formation
		3.2 Exposure on the International Space Station
	References
Soft X-ray Irradiation of Ice Analogues: A Realistic Ice Mantle
	1 Introduction
	2 Irradiation of a Double Layer Ice
	References
Photodesorption of Water Ices: Highlights from Recent Synchrotron Radiation Studies
	1 Introduction
	2 VUV Photodesorption (DESIRS Beamline)
		2.1 Isotopic Effect
		2.2 Indirect Photodesorption
	3 X-ray Photodesorption (SEXTANTS Beamline)
	4 Conclusion
	References
Studying the Interaction Between VUV Photons and PAHs in Relevant Astrophysical Conditions
	1 Introduction
	2 VUV Photo-Stability of Aliphatic PAHs
	3 Towards a Study of Gas-Nanograin-Photon Interactions
	4 Conclusion and Outlook
	References
From Protoplanetary Disks to the Early Solar System and Planets
The Interplay of Gas, Dust and Ice  in Protoplanetary Disks
	1 Introduction
	2 Evidence of Protoplanets
	3 Planet Formation, How and When Does it Happen
	4 The Role of the Snowline
	References
Simulating Protoplanetary Disk Ices
	1 Motivation
	2 Results
	References
Insight into the Origin of Cometary Ices from Rosetta/ROSINA Mass Spectrometer Data
	1 The Rosetta Mission
		1.1 Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
		1.2 The ROSINA Ion and Neutral Gas Mass Spectrometer Suite
	2 ROSINA Measurements Pertaining to the Origin of the Material in Comet 67P
		2.1 Molecular Oxygen
		2.2 Highly Volatile Species
		2.3 Chemical Complexity and Comparison to ISM
		2.4 D/H in Cometary Water
		2.5 Isotope Variations
		2.6 Transport of Cometary Material to the Early Earth
	3 Summary and Conclusions
	References
Identification of Ammonium Salts on Comet 67P/C-G Surface from Infrared VIRTIS/Rosetta Data Based on Laboratory Experiments. Implications and Perspectives
	1 Introduction
	2 Laboratory Measurements
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions and Perspectives
		4.1 Independent Identifications of NH4+ Salts by Rosetta Instruments
		4.2 A New Cometary Reservoir of Nitrogen
		4.3 NH4+ on Other Comets, Asteroids, and in Proto-Stellar Environments?
		4.4 Ammonium Salts Formation and Origins
		4.5 Potential Influences of NH4+ Salts on Planetary Formation Processes
	References
The Effect of H2O and Electron Collisions on Rotational Populations  of Cometary CO
	1 Introduction
	2 CO Spectroscopic and Collisional Data
		2.1 CO Spectroscopy
		2.2 CO Excitation by H2O
		2.3 CO Excitation by Electrons
	3 Non-LTE Model of CO in Comets
	4 Conclusions
	References
Laboratory Studies and Field Analogue Research in Support of Mars Exploration
	1 Introduction
	2 Mars Analogue Environment on Earth
		2.1 The Atacama Desert
		2.2 MASE—Mars Analogues for Space Exploration
	3 Experiments in Low Earth Orbit (LEO)
	4 Future Outlook
	References
Anion Creation in Ion—Molecule Collisions in the Solar Wind Energy Region
	1 Introduction
	2 Anions from Binary Collisions
	3 Anions from Soft Collisions
	4 Anion to Cation Ratio
	5 Astrophysical Implication
	References
Formation and Alteration of Complex Organics Induced by Energetic Processing
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Methods
		1.2 Results and Discussion
		1.3 Conclusions
	References
The Distribution of Ices and Chromophores Across Saturn's Satellites and Ring System
	1 Saturn's Icy Satellites and Rings
	2 Organic Matter Detection Through Saturn's System
	3 Future Prospects in Post-Cassini Era
	References
Dark Primitive Asteroids: Results From Hayabusa2 and OSIRIS-REx Missions
	1 Primitive Asteroid and Their Role in the Origin of Life
	2 Hayabusa2 and Ryugu
		2.1 Preliminary Results From Samples Returned
	3 OSIRIS-REx and Bennu
	References
Ceres as Seen by VIR/Dawn: Spectral Modeling and Laboratory Measurements Suggest Altered and Pristine Silicates Within Carbon Chemistry
	1 Ceres’ Surface Composition
	2 VIR Calibration Refinement
	3 Spectral Modeling
	4 Discussion and Conclusion
	References
Origin of Methane and Biomolecules from a CO2 Cycle on Terrestrial Planets
	1 Introduction
	2 Results
		2.1 Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2 to CH4
		2.2 The Effect on Atmospheric Chemistry of Mars and Earth
		2.3 Plasma-Induced Synthesis of Nucleic Acid Bases and Amino Acids
	3 Conclusion
	References