Estimating and tendering for construction work

Front cover......Page 1
Estimating and tendering for construction work......Page 4
Copyright page......Page 5
Contents......Page 6
Preface......Page 11
Acknowledgements......Page 14
List of figures......Page 15
Abbreviations used in the text......Page 20
Team roles and organization......Page 22
Quality management......Page 30
Health, safety and welfare......Page 31
Introduction......Page 34
Clients’ needs......Page 35
Contractor involvement......Page 36
Partnering......Page 37
Apportionment of risk......Page 38
Traditional method......Page 40
Design and build......Page 41
Management contracting......Page 43
Construction management......Page 45
Private Finance Initiative......Page 47
Essentials of a valid construction contract......Page 57
Standard forms of contract......Page 59
Sub-contract forms......Page 62
Understanding contractual obligations......Page 64
Introduction......Page 67
Coordinated project information......Page 68
Documents used as the basis of a tender......Page 79
Formal tender documents......Page 82
Introduction......Page 87
Single-rate approximate estimating......Page 91
Multiple-rate approximate estimating......Page 92
Approximate quantities......Page 95
Analytical estimating......Page 98
Operational estimating......Page 103
Introduction......Page 106
Bundling projects......Page 108
Competition and negotiation......Page 109
Abuse of tendering procedures......Page 112
Decision to tender......Page 115
Inspection of tender documents......Page 118
Competition legislation......Page 119
Estimate timetable......Page 123
Schedules......Page 125
The estimating team......Page 127
Visits to consultants and site......Page 130
Enquiries to suppliers and sub-contractors......Page 132
Enquiries for materials......Page 134
Enquiries to sub-contractors......Page 136
Introduction......Page 139
Terminology......Page 140
Cost plan aims......Page 142
Funding and affordability......Page 144
Benchmarking......Page 145
Re-basing cost data......Page 146
Target cost plans......Page 147
Design to cost......Page 149
Design to cost tools......Page 152
Controlling areas......Page 155
Pricing the refurbishment of buildings......Page 157
Condition surveys......Page 159
Furniture, equipment and ICT......Page 160
Fixtures, fittings and medical equipment in hospitals......Page 162
Aspects of good practice......Page 164
Adjustments for location......Page 165
‘Linear’ bill of quantities......Page 166
Tender timetable and reviews......Page 167
Final review......Page 168
Value drawdown charts......Page 171
The role of the planning engineer......Page 173
Method statements......Page 174
Logistical planning......Page 175
Tender programmes......Page 177
Labour rates......Page 181
Material rates......Page 184
Plant rates......Page 186
Components of a rate......Page 189
Pricing notes......Page 190
Model rate and pricing examples......Page 192
Domestic sub-contractors......Page 235
Nominated sub-contractors......Page 240
Market testing rates for cost planned tenders......Page 242
Introduction......Page 244
Risks and opportunities......Page 245
Risk management......Page 246
Risk workshops......Page 247
Pricing risks......Page 248
Range of possible outcomes......Page 249
Standard fluctuations clauses......Page 251
Calculation of non-recoverable increases......Page 253
Inflation calculations for tenders with cost planning......Page 258
Provisional sums for defined work......Page 260
Dayworks......Page 261
Overheads and profit......Page 262
Pricing preliminaries......Page 267
Pricing the preliminaries bill......Page 270
Benchmark data for preliminaries......Page 284
Preliminaries workbook......Page 285
Design fees and charges......Page 286
Cashflow calculations......Page 288
Example of a contractor's cashflow forecast......Page 289
Completing the estimate......Page 298
Estimator's report......Page 300
Comments on tender summary form......Page 303
Overheads and profit......Page 305
Introduction......Page 308
Completion of priced bills......Page 309
Outputs from estimate......Page 311
Tender presentation......Page 312
Vetting of tenders......Page 315
Tendering performance and analysis of results......Page 316
Bidding strategy......Page 322
Information transfer......Page 323
Feedback......Page 327
Introduction......Page 330
Aims of computer-aided estimating......Page 331
Communications and collaborative systems......Page 332
E-tendering......Page 336
Electronic exchange of information......Page 338
Reverse auctions......Page 339
Computer-aided estimating packages......Page 342
General-purpose software......Page 346
Systems programs......Page 347
Evaluation of general purpose and bespoke software for estimating......Page 355
Hardware......Page 357
Networking......Page 358
Implementation......Page 359
The future......Page 361
Further reading......Page 366
B......Page 370
C......Page 371
D......Page 373
F......Page 374
M......Page 375
P......Page 376
S......Page 378
T......Page 379
W......Page 380