Environmental Studies

Cover
Contents
1. The Multidisciplinary Nature of Environmental Studies
	1.1 Definition
	1.2 Scope and Importance
	1.3 Need for Public Awareness
	1.4 Disaster Management
	Summary
	Review Questions
	Objective Questions
	Answers
2. Natural Resources—Renewable and Non-Renewable
	2.1 Renewable Resources
	2.2 Non-renewable Resources
	2.3 Forest Resources
	2.4 Water Resources
	2.5 Confl icts Over Water
	2.6 Dams—Benefi ts and Problems
	2.7 Mineral Resources
	2.8 Food Resources
	2.9 Energy Resources
	2.10 Land Resources
	2.11 Soil Erosion
	2.12 Water Erosion
	2.13 Wind Erosion
	2.14 Role of an Individual in Conservation of Natural Resources
	2.15 Equitable Use of Resources for a Sustainable Lifestyle
	Summary
	Review Questions
	Objective Questions
	Answers
3. Ecosystem
	3.1 Concept of an Ecosystem
	3.2 Definitions
	3.3 Structure of an Ecosystem
	3.4 Dynamics or Functions of an Ecosystem
	3.5 Ecological Succession
	3.6 Food Chains
	3.7 Food Web
	3.8 Ecological Pyramids
	3.9 Types of Ecosystem
	3.10 Estuaries
	Summary
	Review Questions
	Objective Questions
	Answers
4. Biodiversity and its Conservation
	4.1 Definition
	4.2 Levels of Biodiversity
	4.3 Biogeographical Classifi cation of India
	4.4 Value of Biodiversity
	4.5 Biodiversity at Global, National and Local Levels
	4.6 India as a Megadiversity Nation
	4.7 Biodiversity Hot Spots
	4.8 Threats to Biodiversity
	4.9 Endangered and Endemic Species in India
	4.10 Conservation of Biodiversity
	Summary
	Review Questions
	Objective Questions
	Answers
5. Environmental Pollution
	5.1 Definition of Pollution
	5.2 Pollutants
	5.3 Types of Pollution
	5.4 Solid Waste Management
	5.5 Role of an Individual in Prevention of Pollution
	5.6 Pollution–Case Studies
	Summary
	Review Questions
	Objective Questions
	Answers
6. Social Issues and the Environment
	6.1 From Unsustainable to Sustainable Development
	6.2 Urban Problems Related to Energy
	6.3 Water Conservation
	6.4 Resettlement and Rehabilitation of People
	6.5 Environmental Ethics
	6.6 Climate Change
	6.7 Global Warming
	6.8 Acid Rain
	6.9 Ozone Layer Depletion
	6.10 Nuclear Accidents and Holocaust
	6.11 Wasteland and Its Reclamation
	6.12 Consumerism and Waste
	6.13 Acts for Protection of Environment in India
	6.14 Issues Involved in Enforcement of Environmental Legislation
	6.15 Public Awareness
	Summary
	Review Questions
	Objective Questions
	Answers
7. Human Population and the Environment
	7.1 Population Growth and Variation among Nations
	7.2 Population Explosion and Family Welfare Programs
	7.3 Environment and Human Health
	7.4 Human Rights
	7.5 Value Education
	7.6 HIV/AIDS
	7.7 Women and Child Welfare
	7.8 Role of Information Technology in Environment and Human Health
	Summary
	Review Questions
	Objective Questions
	Answers
8. Field Work
	Experiment No. 1
	Experiment No. 2
	Experiment No. 3
	Experiment No. 4
	Experiment No. 5
	Experiment No. 6
	Experiment No. 7
	Experiment No. 8
	Experiment No. 9
Appendices
	Appendix 1
	Appendix 2
	Appendix 3
	Appendix 4
Index