Environmental fluid mechanics

Front Cover......Page 1
Table of contents......Page 8
Preface......Page 12
Gerhard H. Jirka 1944-2010......Page 14
1. Mixing and transport processes in environmental fluid systems: Gerhard Jirka’s scientific achievements......Page 16
PART 1: Shallow flows......Page 50
2. Horizontal mixing in shallow flows......Page 52
3. Onset and development of instabilities in shallow shear flows......Page 66
4. Shallow flows with bottom topography......Page 88
5. Characteristic scales and consequences of large-scale horizontal coherent structures in shallow open-channel flows......Page 100
6. Waves and currents: Hawking radiation in the hydraulics laboratory?......Page 122
PART 2: Fluvial hydraulics......Page 136
7. Numerical simulation of turbulent flow and sediment transport processes in arbitrarily complex waterways......Page 138
8. Morphodynamic equilibrium of tidal channels......Page 168
9. Flow structure and sustainability of pools in gravel-bed rivers......Page 190
10. Drag forces and flow resistance of flexible riparian vegetation......Page 210
11. Flow-biota interactions in aquatic systems: Scales, mechanisms, and challenges......Page 232
PART 3: Small-scale phenomena......Page 252
12. Interaction of flows and particles at sub-micrometer scales......Page 254
13. Environmental aspects of wastewater hydraulics......Page 264
14. Diffusive-type of double diffusion in lakes-a review......Page 286
PART 4: Jets and stratified flow......Page 300
15. Multiple jet interaction in stagnant shallow water......Page 302
16. Evolution of turbulent jets in low-aspect ratio containers......Page 316
17. Modelling internal solitary waves in shallow stratified fluids......Page 332
PART 5: Gravity currents......Page 346
18. Optical methods in the laboratory: An application to density currents over bedforms......Page 348
19. Extinction of near-bed turbulence due to self-stratification in turbidity currents: The dependence on shear Reynolds number......Page 362
20. Revisiting gravity currents and free shear flows......Page 370
21. On the effect of drag on the propagation of compositional gravity currents......Page 386
PART 6: Mass transfer......Page 402
22. Gas transfer at water surfaces......Page 404
23. Mass transfer from bubble swarms......Page 420
24. Modelling bacteria and trace metal fluxes in estuarine basins......Page 432