English in the German-Speaking World

Cover
Half-title
Series information
Title page
Copyright information
Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
Notes on Contributors
Preface
Chapter 1 English in the German-Speaking World: The Nature and Scale of Language Influence
	1.1 Introduction
		1.1.1 English as a Lingua Franca
		1.1.2 English in Europe and Beyond: The Relationship to World Englishes
		1.1.3 German-English Contacts in History and at Present
	1.2 Domains of English
		1.2.1 English in education
		1.2.2 The Linguistics of English in Germany
		1.2.3 English in Advertising and Public Spaces
		1.2.4 English-Speaking Communities in Present-Day Germany
	1.3 English and German beyond Germany
	References
I The Status of English
	Chapter 2 English in the German-Speaking World: An Inevitable Presence
		2.1 Introduction: From Competing World Languages to \'Inevitable English\'
		2.2 English and German in the World Language System
		2.3 English and German as Academic Languages in the German-Speaking Countries: The Past One Hundred Years
		2.4 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 3 English in Germany and the European Context
		3.1 Introduction
		3.2 Europe within the Three Circles
		3.3 The Use of English in European Countries
		3.4 Functions of English and English Competence in European Countries
		3.5 Comparing Germany and the Netherlands
		3.6 Intranational Divides
		3.7 Summary
		References
	Chapter 4 English in the Former German Democratic Republic
		4.1 Introduction
		4.2 Some Preliminaries
		4.3 The Relationship of the GDR and the English Language
		4.4 Influence of English on German in the GDR
		4.5 Approaching GDR English
		4.6 Conclusion
		Appendix A corpus files
		Appendix B
		References
II The Transmission of English
	Chapter 5 The History of English Instruction in the German-Speaking World
		5.1 Introduction
		5.2 The Time before 1700
		5.3 From 1700 to 1859
		5.4 Consolidation and Reform (1860–1918)
		5.5 The Twentieth Century: English as the Dominant Foreign Language
		5.6 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 6 English Language (Teacher) Education in Germany after 1945
		6.1 Introduction
		6.2 Looking Back and/or Starting Afresh? 1949–approx. 1970
		6.3 Paradigm Shift and/or Consolidation? 1970–1989
			6.3.1 From Crisis to Consolidation
			6.3.2 Relation of Theory to Practice, Interdisciplinary Setting
		6.4 Main (Thematic) Lines of Development in the 1990s and 2000s
		6.5 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 7 Supporting English Medium Instruction at German Institutions of Higher Education
		7.1 Introduction
		7.2 The Survey
			7.2.1 Participation in the Online Survey
		7.3 Support for EMI at German HEIs
			7.3.1 Current Status of Support for English-Medium Instruction at German Institutes of Higher Education
			7.3.2 Desired Support
		7.4 Discussion
			7.4.1 Desirable Measures
		7.5 Summary and Outlook
		Appendix: Questionnaire Data
		References
III Domains and Features of English
	Chapter 8 Anglophone Practices in Berlin: From Historical Evidence to Transnational Communities
		8.1 Introduction: Understanding Local Language Conditions to Understand Global Language Spaces
		8.2 Communities: Revisiting a Sociolinguistic Concept
		8.3 Anglophone Berlin: Historical Traces and Present-Day Manifestations
		8.4 Anglophone Communities in Berlin
			8.4.1 New African Diaspora
			8.4.2 Third Wave Coffee
		8.5 Concluding Discussion: Is Berlin in Germany?
		References
	Chapter 9 English in the German-Speaking World: Immigration and Integration
		9.1 Introduction
		9.2 Language Ideologies
		9.3 Integration into What? National Belonging and the Imagined Community
		9.4 Linguistic Phenomena: English and Integration
			9.4.1 Bilingual Discourse
			9.4.2 Borrowing and Glocalization
			9.4.3 English, German and Immigrant Languages in the Linguistic Landscape
		9.5 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 10 Processes of Language Contact in English Influence on German
		10.1 Introduction
		10.2 Previous Research on Contact-Induced Influence of English on German
		10.3 A Cognitively Grounded Typology of Language Contact Phenomena
		10.4 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 11 Persistent Features in the English of German Speakers
		11.1 Introduction
			11.1.1 Code-Switching and Loanwords
			11.1.2 Teaching Traditions
			11.1.3 The Role of Orthography
		11.2 Phonemic inventories of English and German
			11.2.1 Phonotactics of English and German
		11.3 Phonological Features of German Second-Language English
			11.3.1 Consonants
				11.3.1.1 Final Devoicing
				11.3.1.2 Ambi-dental Fricatives
				11.3.1.3 The /v/ ~ /w/ Contrast of English
				11.3.1.4 Affricates
					Voiced alveolo-palatal affricate /ʤ/
					Voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate /ʧ/
				11.3.1.5 Rhotics
				11.3.1.6 Laterals
			11.3.2 Vowels: Monophthongs
				11.3.2.1 Vowel Substitutions: The TRAP and STRUT Vowels
				11.3.2.2 The BATH Vowel
				11.3.2.3 The NURSE Vowel
				11.3.2.4 HAPPY-Tensing
				11.3.2.5 The NORTH–FORCE Distinction
			11.3.3 Vowels: Diphthongs
				11.3.3.1 The FACE Vowel
				11.3.3.2 The GOAT Vowel
				11.3.3.3 The PRICE Vowel
				11.3.3.4 The MOUTH Vowel
				11.3.3.5 Centring Diphthongs
		11.4 Stress Patterns in English and German
			11.4.1 Initial Stress and Level Stress
			11.4.2 Contrastive Stress in English
			11.4.3 Stressed Affixes
			11.4.4 Vowel Shortening in Polysyllables
			11.4.5 Stress Patterns in Neoclassical Compounds
		11.5 Conclusion: Is there Such a Thing as German English?
		References
	Chapter 12 Compiling a Speech Corpus of German English: Rhoticity and the BATH Vowel
		12.1 Introduction
		12.2 The Paderborn Archive of German Learner English
		12.3 Investigating Variation in German English
			12.3.1 The Phonological Variables
				12.3.1.1 Rhoticity
				12.3.1.2 bath/trap
		12.4 Methodology
			12.4.1 Participants
			12.4.2 Statistical Modelling
			12.4.3 Data Analysis
			12.4.4 Decision Tree Analysis
				12.4.4.1 Level 1 (most powerful predictor)
				12.4.4.2 Level 2 (second most powerful predictors)
				12.4.4.3 Less powerful predictors
			12.4.5 Summary of Factor Analysis
		12.5 Discussion
		12.6 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 13 A Question of Direction: German Influence on English
		13.1 Introduction
			13.1.1 The OED Online as a Source of German Borrowings
			13.1.2 Types of Loan Influences
				13.1.2.1 Borrowing
				13.1.2.2 Direct Loan
				13.1.2.3 Adaptation
				13.1.2.4 Loan Translation
		13.2 The Proportions of Fairly Common Twentieth-Century Borrowings from German in the Various Subject Fields
		13.3 Stylistic Functions of Recent Borrowings from German
			13.3.1 Local Colour
			13.3.2 Precision
			13.3.3 Tone
			13.3.4 Vividness
			13.3.5 Variation of Expression
		13.4 Summary and Conclusion
		References
IV Beyond Germany
	Chapter 14 Varieties of English in the Netherlands and Germany
		14.1 Introduction
		14.2 Previous research
		14.3 The Present Study
		14.4 Methodological Considerations
		14.5 Data and Methods
			14.5.1 Questionnaire
			14.5.2 Data Collection
			14.5.3 Variables
				14.5.3.1 Sociodemographic Variables
				14.5.3.2 Composite Variables
			14.5.4 Statistical Analyses
		14.6 Results
		14.7 Discussion and Conclusion
		Appendix 1 Full Distribution of Demographic Variables
		Appendix 2 Complete Output of Regression Model
		References
	Chapter 15 English in Austria: Policies and Practices
		15.1 Introduction
		15.2 English in the Public Sphere
		15.3 English in Education
		15.4 English in the Private Sphere
		15.5 Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 16 English in Switzerland
		16.1 Introduction: Discourses, Discourse Archives and Discursive Statements
		16.2 Pressure to Lower the Starting Age of EFL Instruction in Swiss Schools
		16.3 The Hunt for the Elusive Age Factor in Psycho- and Neurolinguistic Studies
		16.4 The Myth
		16.5 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 17 English and German in Namibia
		17.1 Introduction
		17.2 Multilingual Namibia: A Historical and Sociopolitical Overview
			17.2.1 Historical Background and Socio-Political Developments
			17.2.2 Sociolinguistic Developments and Current Realities
			17.2.3 German: The Language of the Former Colonizer
			17.2.4 English: The Language of the Liberation Movement, Ethnic Neutrality, and Globalization
			17.2.5 Résumé
		17.3 English, German, and Afrikaans in Present-Day Namibia
			17.3.1 The Data and Informants
			17.3.2 Language Use and Attitudes
			17.3.3 Conceptions of Linguistic and Cultural Identity
		17.4 Discussion
		17.5 Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 18 English in German-Speaking Wisconsin and the Aftermath
		18.1 Introduction
		18.2 The Sociolinguistic Setting: Eastern Wisconsin as a German-Speaking Area and the Role of English
		18.3 Lexical and Grammatical Effects of Contact
		18.4 Changes in Contact Effects Over Time
		18.5 Attitudes and Perceptions
			18.5.1 Attitudes of Speakers and Non-speakers
			18.5.2 Linguistic Landscape and Heritage
			18.5.3 Education
		18.6 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 19 The English \'Infusion\' in Pennsylvania German
		19.1 Introduction
		19.2 Lexical Borrowing in Pennsylvania German
			19.2.1 General Remarks
			19.2.2 Word Classes and English Borrowings in Pennsylvania German
			19.2.3 Frequency of English Borrowings in Pennsylvania German
		19.3 Structural Integration of English Loanwords into Pennsylvania German
			19.3.1 Phonology
			19.3.2 Inflectional and Derivational Morphology
			19.3.3 Syntax
		19.4 Conclusion
		References
Index