Energy and Sustainable Futures: Proceedings of the 3rd ICESF, 2022 (Springer Proceedings in Energy)

Preface
Contents
About the Editors
1 Investigating Energy Cost Impact on Private Residential Buildings in the West Midlands Region of the UK
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 Methodology
	1.3 Results and Discussion
	1.4 Discussion
	1.5 Conclusion
	References
2 Towards an Effective Artificial Intelligence Systems for Condition Monitoring of Off-Shore Wind Turbines: The Application of Sensor Fusion
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 The Wind Turbine Under Consideration
	2.3 Results and Discussion
	2.4 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
3 CFD Based Aerodynamics Conjugate Heat Transfer and Airgap Fluid Flow Thermal Analysis to a Wheel Hub Motor for Electric Scooters
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Methodology
	3.3 Results and Discussion
	3.4 Conclusion
	References
4 Learning from the Past for a Sustainable Future: Environmental Monitoring and 3D Modelling to Assess the Thermal Performance of Heritage Buildings
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Methodology
	4.3 Results and Discussion
		4.3.1 As-Is 3D Modelling
		4.3.2 Environmental Monitoring
	4.4 Conclusion
	References
5 Oil and Gas Supply Chain: Analysing Stakeholder Sustainability Risk Perception
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Literature and Theory Development
		5.2.1 The conceptual model
	5.3 Methodology
	5.4 Result and Discussion
	5.5 Conclusion
	References
6 Using Machine Learning to Predict Synthetic Fuel Spray Penetration from Limited Experimental Data Without Computational Fluid Dynamics
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Methodology
	6.3 Results and Discussion
	6.4 Conclusion
	References
7 Computational Analysis of Hydro-powered Bunyip Pump
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 System Design
	7.3 Results
	7.4 Conclusions
	References
8 Simulating the Effects of Inertia and Frequency Response Services on Transient Propagation in a Networked Grid
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 Methodology
	8.3 Models/Theory
	8.4 Results and Discussion
	8.5 Conclusion
	References
9 Multi-objective Energy Management Model for Stand-Alone Photovoltaic-Battery Systems: Application to Refugee Camps
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 Method
	9.3 Model
		9.3.1 Objective Function I
		9.3.2 Objective Function II
		9.3.3 Objective Function III
		9.3.4 Combined Objective Function
		9.3.5 Constraints
	9.4 Results and Discussion
		9.4.1 Scenario 1
		9.4.2 Scenario 2
		9.4.3 Scenario 3
	9.5 Conclusion
	References
10 Flow Simulation of a New Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine with Multiple Blades for Low Wind Speed
	10.1 Introduction
	10.2 New Design Approach
	10.3 Operating Parameters and Methodology
	10.4 Results and Discussions
	10.5 Conclusions
	References
11 Indoor Thermal Comfort Controller Integrating Human Interaction in the Control-Loop as a Live Component
	11.1 Introduction
	11.2 Methodology
		11.2.1 Simulation Components
		11.2.2 Room
		11.2.3 Boiler
		11.2.4 Test Real Environment
	11.3 Results and Discussion
	11.4 Conclusion
	References
12 Investigating the Utilisation of Waste Sand from Sand Casting Processes for Concrete Products for Environmental Sustainability
	12.1 Introduction
	12.2 The Methodology
	12.3 The Selected Materials
	12.4 Experimental Results and Discussion
	12.5 Conclusion
	References
13 Application of Observational Weather Data in Evaluating Resilience of Power Systems and Adaptation to Extreme Wind Events
	13.1 Introduction
	13.2 Methodology
		13.2.1 Extreme Windstorm Characterization
		13.2.2 Vulnerability Analysis
		13.2.3 System Response and Baseline Resilience Evaluation
		13.2.4 Resilience Enhancement Modelling
	13.3 Results and Discussion
	13.4 Conclusions
	References
14 The ‘Mousetrap’: Challenges of the Fluctuating Demand on the Electricity Grid in the UK
	14.1 Introduction
	14.2 Methodology
	14.3 Results
	14.4 Discussion and Conclusion
	References
15 Assessment of Effectiveness of Hollow Fins for Performance Enhancement of Solar Still Device Using Simulation Approach
	15.1 Introduction
	15.2 Methodology
		15.2.1 Model
	15.3 Results and Discussion
	15.4 Conclusion
	References
16 Development of a CFD Model for the Estimation of Windage Losses Inside the Narrow Air Gap of an Enclosed High-Speed Flywheel
	16.1 Introduction
	16.2 Numerical Models
		16.2.1 Mesh Generation and Boundary Conditions
		16.2.2 Mesh Independence Analysis
		16.2.3 Validation
	16.3 Results and Discussion
		16.3.1 Dimensionless Analysis
	16.4 Conclusion
	References
17 The Analysis of Sensory Data from Smart Office Environment Towards the Development of an Intelligent System
	17.1 Introduction
	17.2 Methodology
	17.3 Data Analysis
		17.3.1 Total Number of People
		17.3.2 Correlation Coefficient of the Data
		17.3.3 Number of People Verses CO2
		17.3.4 Number of People Verses Temperature
		17.3.5 Number of People Verses Total Office Power
	17.4 Conclusion
	References
18 Investigation of Working Fluid Performance in a Refrigeration Cycle
	18.1 Introduction
	18.2 Methodology
	18.3 Results and Discussion
	18.4 Conclusion
	References
19 Energy Policy as a Tool for Promoting Power System Resilience: Malawi’s Challenges and Potential Solutions
	19.1 Introduction
	19.2 Methodology
	19.3 Results and Discussions
		19.3.1 The Structure of Electricity Supply
		19.3.2 Policy Implementation
		19.3.3 Does the Malawi NEP Support PSR?
		19.3.4 Challenges and Potential Solutions (Improvements) of Malawi’s NEP
	19.4 Conclusion and Future Research Direction
	References
20 Quantitative Assessment of Damage in Composites by Implementing Acousto-ultrasonics Technique
	20.1 Introduction
	20.2 Theory of Structural Health Monitoring Based on Acousto-ultrasonics
		20.2.1 Acousto-ultrasonics Components (SWFs)
	20.3 Experimental Methodology
		20.3.1 Material and Mechanical Testing
		20.3.2 Acousto-ultrasonics Testing
	20.4 Results and Discussion
	20.5 Conclusion
	References
21 Multiple-Criteria Optimization of Residential Buildings Envelope Toward nZEBs: Simplified Approach for Damascus Post-war
	21.1 Introduction
	21.2 Methodology
		21.2.1 The Case Study
		21.2.2 Simulation Methodology
	21.3 Results and Discussion
	21.4 Payback Period Analysis
	21.5 Multiple-Criteria Optimization Analysis
	21.6 Conclusion
	References
22 Design and Prototype an Educational Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Model
	22.1 Introduction
	22.2 Methodology
	22.3 Models
	22.4 Results and Discussion
	22.5 Conclusion
	References
23 The Impact of Strategic Environmental Management Capabilities on the Competitiveness of an Oil and Gas Industry’s Supply Chain: An Empirical Evaluation of the Natural Resource-Based View of Firms
	23.1 Introduction
	23.2 Theoretical Background and Hypotheses Development
		23.2.1 Natural Resource-Based View (NRBV)
		23.2.2 Strategic Environmental Management Capabilities (SEMC) and Competitiveness
	23.3 Methodology
		23.3.1 Survey Development
		23.3.2 Samples
	23.4 Results and Discussion
		23.4.1 Measurement Model Assessment
		23.4.2 Hypotheses Testing and Results
	23.5 Conclusion
	References
24 Towards the Tees Valley Energy Transition—Residential Decarbonisation and Skills Analysis
	24.1 Introduction
	24.2 Methodology and Theory
		24.2.1 Data Analysis
	24.3 Results and Discussion
	24.4 Conclusion
	References
25 Multi-objective Optimisation of a Wastewater Anaerobic Digestion System
	25.1 Introduction
	25.2 Methodology
	25.3 Case Study Plant
	25.4 Models/Theory
		25.4.1 Using ADM1 to Determine Biogas Yield
		25.4.2 Optimisation Problem
	25.5 Results and Discussion
		25.5.1 Validating ADM1 with Measured Data
		25.5.2 Current Versus Optimised System
	25.6 Conclusion and Further Work
	References
26 Energy Demand Reduction in Data Centres Using Computational Fluid Dynamics
	26.1 Introduction
	26.2 Models
	26.3 Theory
	26.4 Energy Metric
	26.5 Results and Discussion
	26.6 Conclusion
	References
27 Short Review of Biodiesel Production by the Esterification/Transesterification of Wastewater Containing Fats Oils and Grease (FOGs)
	27.1 Introduction
	27.2 Esterification-Transesterification Reaction of FOGs
	27.3 Literature Review of Esterification-Transesterification Reaction of FOGs
	27.4 Conclusions
	References
28 The Use of Photovoltaic Solar Panels to Reduce Temperature-Induced Bridge Deformations
	28.1 Introduction
	28.2 Methodology
	28.3 Case Study
		28.3.1 Description of the Test
		28.3.2 Results and Discussion
	28.4 Conclusion
	References
29 Exploring Windows Opening Behaviour of Occupants of Residential Buildings Using Artificial Intelligence
	29.1 Introduction
	29.2 Methodology
	29.3 Results and Discussion
	29.4 Conclusion
	References
30 Performance of Different Optimization Solvers for Designing Solar Linear Fresnel Reflector Power Generation Systems
	30.1 Introduction
	30.2 Methodology
	30.3 Models
	30.4 Results and Discussion
		30.4.1 Candidate Derivative-Free and Population-Based Methods
		30.4.2 A Candidate Optimization Method for a Multidimensional Problem
	30.5 Conclusion
	References
31 Thermal Optimisation Model for Cooling Channel Design Using the Adjoint Method in 3D Printed Aluminium Die-Casting Tools
	31.1 Introduction
	31.2 Methodology
		31.2.1 Preliminary Steady Model
		31.2.2 Adjoint Optimisation Model
	31.3 Results and Discussion
	31.4 Conclusion
	References
32 The Effect of Vane Number in Casing Treatment of an Axial-Flow Compressor
	32.1 Introduction
	32.2 Numerical Methodology
	32.3 CFD Validation
	32.4 Results and Discussion
	32.5 Conclusion
	References
33 Development of an Affordable MGT-CHP for Domestic Applications
	33.1 Introduction
	33.2 Market Study
	33.3 Concept Development
	33.4 Preliminary and Detailed Design
	33.5 Experimental Evaluation
	33.6 Results and Discussion
	33.7 Conclusion
	References