Emerging Trends in Civil Engineering: Select Proceedings of ICETCE 2018

Contents
About the Editors
Shear Strength of Rock Quarry Dust and Sand Mix
	1 Introduction
	2 Motivation and Objective of the Study
	3 A Brief History of Previous Works
	4 Materials and Methodology
		4.1 Materials
		4.2 Methodology
	5 Test Results and Interpretations
		5.1 Petrological Test
		5.2 Determination of Dry Unit Weight
		5.3 Angle of Internal Friction at Dry Unit Weight 12.17 kN/m3 for Quarry Dust
		5.4 Angle of Internal Friction at Dry Unit Weight 16.71 kN/m3 for Quarry Dust
		5.5 Angle of Internal Friction at Dry Unit Weight 19.62 kN/m3 for Quarry Dust
		5.6 Angle of Internal Friction at Shearing Rate 0.25 mm/min for Quarry Dust
		5.7 Angle of Internal Friction at Shearing Rate 0.625 mm/min for Quarry Dust
		5.8 Angle of Internal Friction at Shearing Rate 1.25 mm/min for Quarry Dust
		5.9 Angle of Internal Friction at Dry Unit Weight 12.17 kN/m3 for Quarry Dust and Sand Mix (70:30)
		5.10 Angle of Internal Friction at Dry Unit Weight 16.71 kN/m3 for Quarry Dust and Sand Mix (70:30)
		5.11 Angle of Internal Friction at Dry Unit Weight 19.62 kN/m3 for Quarry Dust and Sand Mix (70:30)
		5.12 Angle of Internal Friction at Shearing Rate 0.25 mm/min for Quarry Dust and Sand Mix (70:30)
		5.13 Angle of Internal Friction at Shearing Rate 0.625 mm/min for Quarry Dust and Sand Mix (70:30)
		5.14 Angle of Internal Friction at Shearing Rate 1.25 mm/min for Quarry Dust and Sand Mix (70:30)
	6 Conclusions
	References
Design of Prototype Model of Robot for Cleaning
	1 Introduction
	2 Design Considerations
		2.1 Frame
		2.2 Primary Container Lifting Mechanism
		2.3 Rear Suspension Assembly
		2.4 Front Suspension Assembly
		2.5 Secondary Container
		2.6 Scrubber
		2.7 Power Unit
		2.8 Control System and Sensing System
	3 Sequence of Process in Working of Prototype
	4 Conclusions
	References
Identifying and Analysing Key Factors Associated with Risks in Construction Projects
	1 Introduction
		1.1 What Is Risk?
	2 Review of Literature
	3 Research Methodology
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Limitations of the Study
	References
Building Information Model: A Graphical User Interface to Generate a Three-Dimensional Building
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
	3 Components of BIM
		3.1 Planning, Design, Analysis and Implementation
	4 Flowchart
		4.1 User
		4.2 Generation of Three Dimensional Building
		4.3 Analysis, Design, and Estimation
	5 Modeling
		5.1 Columns
		5.2 Beams
		5.3 Slabs
		5.4 Walls
		5.5 Doors and Windows
	6 GUI Developed and Case Study
	7 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Lateral Response Reduction of Tall Buildings Using Portal Frame as TMD
	1 Introduction
	2 Existing TMD’s
		2.1 One Wall Center, Sheraton Vancouver, Canada
		2.2 Taipei 101 Tower, Taipei
		2.3 Chiba Port Tower, Japan
		2.4 Chiba Port Tower, Japan
	3 Numerical Formulation
		3.1 Dynamic Analysis
		3.2 Optimization Theory for TMD
	4 Numerical Modelling
	5 Case Study
		5.1 System Model
	6 Results
		6.1 Model Analysis
		6.2 Dynamic Analysis
	7 Conclusion
	References
Structural Health Monitoring from Human-Induced Vibrations Using Accelerometer Sensors
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Basic Formulation
	3 Experimental Setup
		3.1 ADXL 335 Accelerometer
		3.2 ATmega328p Microcontroller
		3.3 Flow-Chart
		3.4 Experimental Free Vibration Recording
	4 Case Study
		4.1 Case Study 1
		4.2 Case Study 2
	5 Analysis and Results
		5.1 Case Study 1
		5.2 Case Study 2
		5.3 Calculation of Stiffness of the System
	6 Conclusions
	References
Comparison of Different Types of Pylon Shapes on Seismic Behaviour of Cable-Stayed Bridges
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature
	3 Modeling and Analysis
		3.1 Case Studies
	4 Modal Analysis
	5 Dynamic Linear Analysis
		5.1 Behavior Due to Loma Prieta Earthquake Ground Motion
		5.2 Behavior Due to Bhuj Earthquake Ground Motion
		5.3 Behavior Due to El Centro Earthquake Ground Motion
	6 Conclusions
	References
Investigation of Crack Properties Using Image Processing: An User Interface
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
	3 Methodology
	4 Case Studies
	5 Results
	6 Analysis
	7 Conclusion
	References
Axial Strength Estimation of Cold Formed Steel Wall Panels Through Numerical Modeling
	1 Introduction
	2 Numerical Modelling of CFS Stud
		2.1 Initial Imperfection
		2.2 Boundary Conditions
		2.3 Mesh Convergence Study
		2.4 Stress-Strain Model (Steel)
	3 Direct Strength Method [2]
	4 Model Configuration
	5 Results and Discussion
		5.1 Comparison Between Axial Strength of Single Stud
		5.2 Comparison Between Numerical Model and Analytical Design Load
	6 Conclusion
	References
Estimation of Local Site Effect on Earthquake Ground Motions for Sites in the State of Haryana, India
	1 Introduction
	2 Geotechnical Site Characterization
	3 Estimation of Local Site Effects
	4 Conclusion
	References
Stability Analysis of Tied-Arch Bridges Under IRC Loading Condition Using Finite Element Method
	1 Introduction
	2 Tied-Arch Structural Behavior
	3 Finite Element Analysis of Tied-Arch Bridges
	4 Methodology
		4.1 Parametric Study: 1
		4.2 Parametric Study: 2
	5 Conclusion
	References
An Empirical Study of Major Factors Affecting Productivity of Construction Projects
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Research Methodology
	4 Data Analysis
		4.1 Reliability Analysis
		4.2 Relative Importance Index
	5 Conclusion and Recommendations
	References
Strength and Durability Studies of Cement Concrete M45 Fine Aggregate Partially Replaced with Waste Crushed Glass
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials
		2.1 Cement
		2.2 Grading of Crushed Waste Glass
	3 Water
	4 Super Plasticizer
		4.1 Experimental Investigation
	5 Workability Test
		5.1 Casting and Testing
		5.2 Curing
	6 Compressive Strength Test
	7 Split Tensile Strength Test
	8 Flexural Tensile Strength
	9 Durability Tests: Acid Test
	10 Conclusions
	References
Study on Microstructure of High-Strength (M100) Hybrid Fiber Self-Compacting Concrete Containing Quartz Materials Subjected to Corrosion and Chloride Ingression
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials Used
	3 Mix Proportions
	4 Preparation of Test Specimens
	5 Experimental Program and Methodology
	6 Results and Discussion
	7 Rapid Chloride Permeability Test
	8 Conclusions
	References
Thick Section Casting Specifications and Practices in Singapore
	1 Introduction
	2 Singapore Scenario and Specifications
	3 Largest Pour of TCC for Raft Foundation Casting
	4 Results and Discussions
	5 Conclusions
	References
Use of GGBS in Manufacturing of Solid Concrete Blocks
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Objective of the Study
	2 Experimental Program
		2.1 Mix Proportioning
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 Series 1, Mixes Without Admixtures
		3.2 Series 2, Mixes with GGBS
		3.3 Series 3 and 4, Mixes with Chemical Admixtures
		3.4 Solid Concrete Blocks Cast at Manufacturing Plant
		3.5 Outcome of Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Assessment of Wind Loads on Lattice Towers Using Various National Standards
	1 Introduction
	2 Wind and Influencing Parameters
		2.1 Basic Wind Speed
		2.2 Terrain and Height Multiplier
		2.3 Topography Influence
		2.4 Force Coefficient
	3 Structural Response to Wind
	4 Design Wind Pressure
	5 Parametric Study
	6 Comparison Summary
		6.1 Square Tower
		6.2 Triangular Tower
		6.3 Appurtenance
	7 Conclusion
	References
Review of Source Apportionment of Particulate Matter for Indian Scenario
	1 Introduction
	2 Source Signature Selection
		2.1 Crustal Re-suspension/Soil/Road Dust
		2.2 Traffic Emissions
		2.3 Industrial Emissions
		2.4 Fuel Combustion
		2.5 Marine Aerosols
		2.6 Biomass and Refuse Burning
	3 Source Apportionment for Indian Cities
	4 Discussion and Conclusions
	References
Shape of Shear Reinforcement Influence Shear Strength Parameters in Rc Beam
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Material and Its Properties
		3.1 Cement
		3.2 Portland Pozzolona Cement
		3.3 Fine Aggregate
		3.4 Coarse Aggregate
		3.5 Water
		3.6 Concrete Mix Design
	4 Testing and Methodology
		4.1 Specimen
		4.2 Test Procedure
	5 Results
	6 Conclusions
	References
Experimental Study on Bacterial Concrete Using Bacillus Subtilis Micro-Organism
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methodology
		2.1 Cement, Fine and Coarse Aggregate
		2.2 Bacillus Subtilis Bacteria
		2.3 Calcium Lactate
	3 Concrete Mix Design and Testing
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Workability of Concrete
		4.2 Compressive Strength
		4.3 Self-Healing of Cracks
	5 Conclusions
	References
Effect of Rice Husk Ash and Silica Fume as Strength-Enhancing Materials on Properties of Modern Concrete—A Comprehensive Review
	1 Introduction
	2 Geopolymer Concrete Versus OPC Concrete
	3 Need for Strength-Enhancing Materials
	4 Strength-Enhancing Materials—Silica Fume (SF) and Rice Husk Ash (RHA)
		4.1 Silica Fume
		4.2 Rice Husk Ash
	5 Effects of Silica Fume on Concrete
		5.1 Compressive Strength
		5.2 Workability
		5.3 Durability
	6 Effect of Rice Husk Ash on Concrete
		6.1 Compressive Strength
		6.2 Workability
		6.3 Durability
	7 Conclusions
	References
A Parametric Study on Torsionally Coupled Base-Isolated Structures
	1 Introduction
	2 Modelling and Assumptions
		2.1 Structural Model Considered
		2.2 Characteristics of the Bilinear Isolators
		2.3 Selected Acceleration Records
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Concluding Remarks
	References
Stability Analysis and Bidirectional Vibration Control of Structure
	1 Introduction
	2 Bidirectional Modeling and Active Control
	3 Control Scheme of Type-1 Fuzzy PID Controller
	4 Experimental Analysis and Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Sustainable High-Performance Cementitious Composites
	1 Introduction
	2 Concrete Compositions
	3 Environmental Regimes and Performance Requirements
	4 General-Purpose Structural Concretes
	5 Maximum Water–Cement Ratio
	6 Minimum Cement Content
	7 Minimum Compressive Strength
	8 Minimum Clear Cover
	9 Concluding Remarks
	References
What Makes Concrete a Possible Contender for Sustainable Development?—A Panoramic View
	1 Introduction
	2 Concrete Is Innately Sustainable?
	3 Effective Use of Concrete
	4 Further Avenues for Sustainability Are Not Farther
	5 Aggregate Modulations
	6 Pozzolanic Additions
	7 Chemical Admixtures
	8 Cement Modifications
	9 Concluding Remarks
Assessment of Groundwater Contamination with Emphasis on Sulfates, Barites Mining Area, Mangampeta, Andhra Pradesh, India
	1 Introduction
	2 Study Area
	3 Materials and Methods
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Assessment of Water for Drinking Purpose
		4.2 Electrical Conductivity
		4.3 Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)
		4.4 Total Hardness
		4.5 Major Cations and Anions
	5 Assessment of Water Quality for Irrigation Use
		5.1 Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR)
		5.2 USSL Classification
		5.3 Non-carbonate Hardness (NCH)
		5.4 Kelly’s Ratio
		5.5 Magnesium Hazard
		5.6 Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC)
		5.7 Percent Sodium (%Na)
		5.8 Wilcox Diagram
		5.9 Potential Salinity
	6 Hydrochemical Facies of Groundwater
		6.1 Chadha’s Diagram (Modified Piper)
	7 Correlation
	8 Gibbs Classification
	9 Conclusions
	References
Statistical and Analytical Evaluation of Groundwater Quality of Atmakur Area, SPSR Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh, South India
	1 Introduction
	2 Study Area
	3 Materials and Methods
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Hydrochemical Facies
		4.2 Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA)
		4.3 Factor Analysis
		4.4 Processes Governing Groundwater Chemistry
		4.5 Indices of Base Exchange
	5 Conclusions
	References
Corrosion Performance Evaluation of Rebar in Metakaolin Blended Concrete
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Method
		2.1 Materials and Specimen Preparation
		2.2 Techniques Adopted
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Impressed Voltage Technique
		3.2 Half-Cell Potential Measurements
	4 Conclusions
	References
Effect of Pond Ash on Black Stone Waste Aggregate Concrete
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Experimentation
	3 Test Setup
		3.1 Compressive Strength Test
		3.2 Split Tensile Strength Test
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Empirical Expression for the Fundamental Natural Period of Buildings on Slopes
	1 Introduction
	2 Numerical Modelling
	3 Comparison of Empirical Natural Periods (Ta) as Per IS 1893:2016 to Numerically Obtained Elastic Periods
		3.1 Case 1: Building Resting on 0° Slope (Regular Building)
		3.2 Case 2: Building Resting on 45° Slope
	4 Development of Empirical Formula Using Regression Analysis
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Prediction of Corrosion Levels in Reinforced TMT Bars in SCC Exposed to Marine Environment
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Experimental Programme
		3.1 Materials
		3.2 Concrete Mix Proportions
		3.3 Preparation of Test Specimens
		3.4 Test Procedure
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Sustainability of Concrete Constructions: The Role of Materials and Practices
	1 Introduction
	2 Impact of Cement and Concrete Production on Environment and Natural Recourses
		2.1 Cement Production
		2.2 Concrete Production
	3 Secondary Raw Materials for Cement and Concrete Productions
		3.1 Use of Supplementary Cementitious Materials/Blended Cements in Concrete
		3.2 Use of Secondary Aggregates in Concrete
	4 Sustainable Concrete Practices
	5 Conclusions
	References