Emerging Principles in Intensive Care- a 2020 Precis

Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Genomics in Intensive Care 11
Transcriptomics 13
Epigenetics 14
Chapter 2: Respiratory Care 16
A. Respiratory Monitoring 17
Pulse Oximetry 19
Interpretation of ABG 24
B. Respiratory Diseases 26
Community Acquired Pneumonia 27
Hospital/ ventilator Acquired Pneumonia 30
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome 35
C. Lung Imaging 39
Lung Ultrasound 40
CT Scan 46
Pulmonary Perfusion Measurement 48
CT Perfusion 49
Dual Energy Computer Tomography- DECT 52
Positron Emission Tomography- PET 55
Electrical Impedance Tomography- EIT 56
D. Respiratory Management 60
Airway Management 61
Strategies to minimize aerosolization 81
Aerosolization therapy 82
Non-Invasive Respiratory Support 84
CPAP therapy 86
Head Helmets 87
High Flow Nasal Cannula- HFNC 89
Mechanical Ventilation 93
Nero-Muscular Blocking Agents 133
Humidification 134
Extra-Corporeal Therapies 137
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Table of Contents
Chapter 3: Neuro- Critical Care 151
Disorders of Consciousness 152
Status Epilepticus 158
Primary and Secondary Injury 160
ICP Management 162
Invasive ICP Monitoring 163
SIBICC Algorithm 163
Patient tailored ICP threshold 171
Traumatic Brain Injury 172
Management 183
Cervical Spine Clearance 189
Rapid Ultrasound for the Brain 191
Approach to Brain Ultrasound 191
Neuro-Monitoring 195
Cerebral Physiology and Metabolism 195
Critical Neuro worsening 196
Automated Pupillometry 197
Cerebral Autoregulation 199
Multi Modality Monitoring- MMM 206
Electro-Physiological Monitoring 208
Optimal Cerebral Perfusion Pressure 221
Brain Oxygen Monitoring 228
Cerebral Microdialysis 233
Chapter 4: Renal Critical Care 241
Acute Kidney Injury 242
Renal Replacement Therapy 252
Acute Renal Replacement Therapy 242
Intermittent Hemo-Dialysis 253
SLED/EDD 254
CRRT 255
Dialy-trauma 256
Fluid Therapy 257
Four Phases of Shock 258
Dose of Fluid Therapy 259
Cardiac Output Monitoring 261
Fluid Management in Polytrauma 263
Fluids Therapy in Renal Failure 265
Rules for Fluid Prescription 266
Chapter 5: Cardio-Vascular Critical Care 271
Atrial Fibrillation 272
Hemodynamic Management 276
Fluid Responsiveness 276
Vasopressor Therapy 278
Septic Shock 280
Circulatory Failure 287
Cardiogenic Shock 292
Revascularization 294
Ventricular Assist Devices 295
V A ECMO 302
Post Cardiac Arrest Management 307
Chapter 6: Sepsis 311
Blood Purification 315
Chapter 7: Tissue Monitoring 320
Mitochondrial Physiology 321
Assessment of Tissue Hypoxia 324
Monitoring Microcirculation 326
Measuring Capillary leak 327
Measuring Tissue RBC Perfusion 330
Measuring Convection 333
Measuring Diffusion Capacity 339
Tissue CO2 Monitoring 342
Monitoring Peripheral Perfusion 344