Emergency Capnography

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Contents
Preface
	Motivation
	Caveats
Acknowledgments
Author
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
1. Basic Capnography Review
	1.1. What Is Capnography?
	1.2. Why Do We Need Capnography?
	1.3. Anatomy and Physiology Review
		1.3.1. Ventilation
		1.3.2. Perfusion
		1.3.3. Metabolism
		1.3.4. Where Ventilation, Perfusion, and Metabolism Meet
	1.4. How Capnography Works
	1.5. Interpreting Capnometry
	1.6. Interpreting Capnograms
	1.7. When to Use Capnography
	1.8. Diagnosing Equipment Problems
	1.9. Study Questions
	References
2. Airway Management
	2.1. Airway Verification
	2.2. Endotracheal Tube Management
	2.3. Sedated/Paralyzed or Anesthetized Patients
	2.4. Study Questions
	References
3. Respiratory Emergencies
	3.1. Artificial Ventilation Management
	3.2. Respiratory Acidosis
		Figure 3.1 Severe tachypnea capnogram.
	3.3. Respiratory Alkalosis
	3.4. Hyperventilation Syndrome
	3.5. Ventilation/Perfusion (V/Q) Mismatch
	3.6. Bronchospasm
		Figure 3.2 Bronchospasm capnogram.
	3.7. Congestive Heart Failure
	3.8. Mucus Plugging
		Figure 3.3 Mucus plugging capnogram.
	3.9. Collapsed Lung
	3.10. Breath Stacking
		Figure 3.4 Breath stacking capnogram.
	3.11. Premature Inhalation (Gasping)
	3.12. Respiratory Failure
	3.13. Respiratory Arrest
	3.14. Airway Obstruction
	3.15. Study Questions
	References
4. Cardiac Emergencies
	4.1. Cardiac Arrest
	4.2. Return of Spontaneous Circulation
	4.3. Bradycardia
	4.4. Ventricular Assist Devices
	4.5. Cardiogenic Oscillations
		Figure 4.1 Cardiac oscillations.
	4.6. Study Questions
	References
5. Medical Emergencies
	5.1. Metabolic Acidosis
	5.2. Metabolic Alkalosis
	5.3. Overdoses: General
	5.4. Stimulant Overdoses
	5.5 Central Nervous System Depressant Overdoses
	5.6. Malignant Hyperthermia
	5.7. Diabetic Ketoacidosis
	5.8. High-Altitude Illnesses
	5.9. Malaise
	5.10. Syncope and Near-Syncope
	5.11. Study Questions
	References
6. Shock
	6.1. Introduction to Shock and Capnography
	6.2. Compensated Shock
	6.3. Decompensated Shock
	6.4. Irreversible Shock
	6.5. Septic Shock
	6.6. Hemorrhagic Shock
	6.7. Cardiogenic Shock
	6.8. Sodium Bicarbonate Administration
	6.9. Study Questions
	References
7. Trauma
	7.1. Major Trauma
	7.2. Traumatic Brain Injury
	7.3. Burns
	7.4. Pain Management
	7.5. Study Questions
	References
8. Neurological Emergencies
	8.1. Stroke
	8.2. Seizures
	8.3. Study Questions
	References
9. Differential Diagnosis: Capnogram
	References
10. Differential Diagnosis: Capnometry
11. Clinical Scenarios
	11.1. Difficulty Breathing
	11.2. Malaise 1
	11.3. Slip and Fall
	11.4. Motor Vehicle Collision 1
	11.5. Malaise 2
	11.6. High-Altitude Resort
	11.7. Motor Vehicle Collision 2
	11.8. Diabetic Malaise
12. Study Question Answers
	12.1. Chapter 1
	12.2. Chapter 2
	12.3. Chapter 3
	12.4. Chapter 4
	12.5. Chapter 5
	12.6. Chapter 6
	12.7. Chapter 7
	12.8. Chapter 8
Glossary
Index