Electrospun Nanofibers: Fabrication, Functionalisation and Applications

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Springer Series on Polymer and Composite Materials
Electrospun Nanofibers: Fabrication, Functionalisation and Applications
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Preface
Contents
About the Editors
Production and Application of Biodegradable Nanofibers Using Electrospinning Techniques
	1. Introduction
	2. Biodegradation
	3. Electrospinning
		3.1 Solvents
	4. Biodegradable Natural and Man-Made Polymers
	5. Electrospinning Biodegradable Polymers
		5.1 Electrospinning Collagen
		5.2 Electrospinning Gelatin
		5.3 Electrospinning Elastin
		5.4 Electrospinning Chitosan
		5.5 Electrospinning Silk Fibroin
		5.6 Electrospinning Alginate
		5.7 Electrospinning Poly(Glycolic Acid) (PGA)
		5.8 Electrospinning Poly(Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) (PLGA)
		5.9 Electrospinning Polycaprolactone (PCL)
		5.10 Electrospinning Poly(L-Lactide-Ε-Caprolacton) (PLLA-CL)
		5.11 Electrospinning PVA
		5.12 Electrospinning PEO
	6. Conclusion
	References
Electrospun Nanofibers for Energy and Environment Protection
	1. Introduction
	2. Electrospun Nanofibers for Energy Applications
		2.1 Charge Storage Mechanism in Electrospun Nanofibers
	3. Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
		3.1 DSSC Construction, Assembly, and Operating Principle
	4. Lithium (Li)-Ion Batteries
		4.1 Assembly of Lithium Ion and Charge Storage Mechanism
	5. Supercapacitors (SCs)
		5.1 Construction, Assembly, and Working of SC
	6. Fuel Cell
		6.1 Fuel Cell Assembly and Their Charge Storage Mechanism
	7. Electrospinning Techniques
	8. Electrospun Nanofibers for Environmental Protection
	9. Conclusion
	References
Polymer Nanofibers via Electrospinning for Flexible Devices
	1. Introduction
	2. Electrospun Polymer Nanofibers
	3. Application of Electrospun Polymer Nanofibers for Flexible Devices
		3.1 Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs)
		3.2 Sensors
		3.3 UV Photodetectors
		3.4 Transparent Electrodes
		3.5 Nanogenerators
	4. Conclusions
	References
Electrospun Nanofibers for Wastewater Treatment
	1. Introduction
	2. Electrospinning
		2.1 Electrospinning Process
		2.2 Effecting Parameter
		2.3 Electrospun Nanofibers with Structure
	3. Nanofibers for Wastewater Treatment
		3.1 Polyacrylonitrile
		3.2 Polyvinyl Alcohol
		3.3 Polyamide
		3.4 Some Other Polymer-Based Nanofibers
	4. Applications of Electrospinning Nanofibers
	5. Conclusions and Outlooks
	References
Electrospun Nanofibers for Coating and Corrosion
	1. Introduction
	2. Techniques of Nanostructure Coating
		2.1 Atomic Layer Deposition
		2.2 Laser Thermal Spray-Coating
		2.3 Sol–Gel Coating
		2.4 Laser Ablation Coating
		2.5 Sputter Deposition
		2.6 Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD)
		2.7 Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)
		2.8 Chemical Bath Deposition
		2.9 Ionized Cluster Beam Deposition
	3. Electrospun Nanofibers Coating
	4. Corrosion
		4.1 Corrosion Resistance
		4.2 Corrosion Measurement
		4.3 Corrosion Inhibitor
	5. Electrospun Nanofibers Coating for Corrosion Protection
	6. Conclusion
	References
Polymer Nanofibrous and Their Application for Batteries
	1. Introduction
		1.1 Basics of Battery Electrochemistry
		1.2 Factors Affecting the Cell Potentials and Current Density
		1.3 Basics of Electrospinning Technique
	2. Applications of Electrospun Fibers in Batteries
		2.1 Electrospun Fibers in Metal–Air Batteries
		2.2 Electrospun Fibers in Metal-Ion Batteries
	3. Conclusion and Outlook
	References
Electrospinning of Lignin Nanofibers for Drug Delivery
	1. Introduction
	2. Lignin
		2.1 Lignin Recovery
		2.2 Kraft Process
		2.3 Dilute Acidic
		2.4 Alkaline Process
		2.5 Organosolv Process
	3. Types of Lignin and Their Effect on Health
		3.1 Impact of Lignin or Lignin Derivatives On Pharmacological Activities
		3.2 Lignin Carbon Fibers
	4. Electrospinning
	5. Lignin-Derived Carbon Nanofibers
	6. Biomedical Application of Electrospun Nanofibers
		6.1 Drug Delivery
		6.2 Electrospun Lignin-Based Nanocomposites for Drug Delivery
	7. Conclusions and Prospects
	References
1D Spinel Architectures via Electrospinning for Supercapacitors
	1. Introduction
	2. Conclusion and Future Outlook
	References
Polymer and Ceramic-Based Hollow Nanofibers via Electrospinning
	1. Introduction
	2. Electrospinning-Based Methods for the Production of Hollow Nanofibers
		2.1 Electrospinning with a Single Spinneret
		2.2 Microfluidic Electrospinning
		2.3 Coaxial Electrospinning with a two-Capillary Spinneret
		2.4 Triaxial Electrospinning
		2.5 Emulsion Electrospinning
	3. Hollow Nanofibers Based on Different Materials
		3.1 TiO2 Hollow NFs
		3.2 Cobalt Ferrite (CoFe2O4) and Strontium Ferrite (SrFe12O19)-Based Hollow NFs
		3.3 V2O5 and Au/V2O5 NFs
		3.4 LiFePO4 and Porous Alumina Hollow NFs
		3.5 CuO and Cu-Based Hollow NFs
		3.6 SnO2–ZnO and γ-Al2O3 Hollow NFs
		3.7 VN and MnO2 Nanosheets/Cobalt Doped Carbon-Based Hollow NFs
		3.8 Indium Oxide-Based Hollow NFs for the Detection of Acetone
		3.9 Praseodymium-Doped BiFeO3 Hollow NFs for Formaldehyde Sensor
	4. Potential Applications of Polymer and Ceramic-Based Hollow NFs
	5. Conclusion
	References
Surface Engineering of Nanofiber Membranes via Electrospinning-Embedded Nanoparticles for Wastewater Treatment
	1. Introduction
	2. Basics of Electrospinning
	3. Synthesis of Au or Ag Nanoparticles
	4. Electrospun Polymer Nanofibers Embedded with Different Materials
		4.1 Electrospun Polymer Nanofibers Embedded with Ag and Au Nanoparticles
		4.2 Electrospun Polymer Nanofibers Embedded with Carbon Nanoparticles
		4.3 Electrospun Polymer Nanofibers Embedded with Metal Oxide Nanoparticles
	5. Surface Modification of Nanofiber Membranes
	6. Applications of Nanofiber Membranes for Wastewater Treatment
		6.1 Nanofibers in Microfiltration
		6.2 Nanofibers in Ultrafiltration
		6.3 Nanofiltration
		6.4 Electrospun Noble Metal (Ag, Au, and Pt) Nanofiber Composites for Wastewater Treatment
		6.5 Electrospun Carbon Nanofiber (CNF) Composites for Wastewater Treatment
		6.6 Electrospun Metal Oxide Polymer Composites for Wastewater Treatment
	7. Conclusions and Outlook
	References
Functionalized Natural Polymer-Based Electrospun Nanofiber
	1. Introduction
	2. Overview of Nanofiber Materials
		2.1 Properties of Nanofiber Materials
	3. Electrostatic Spinning Technology
		3.1 Concepts of Electrospinning
		3.2 Influencing Factors of Electrospinning Nanofibers
		3.3 Electrostatic Spinning Device
		3.4 Formation Mechanism of Electrospinning Nanofibers
	4. Fabrication of Electrospun Nanofibers
		4.1 Solution Electrospinning
		4.2 Melt Electrospinning
		4.3 Emulsion Electrospinning
	5. Application and Functional Research of Electrospinning Nanofibers
		5.1 Application of Electrospun Fiber as Polymer Film
		5.2 Application of Electrospinning Nanofibers in Intelligent and Flexible Electronics
		5.3 Electrospinning Fibers for Biomedical Field
	6. Conclusions and Future Prospects
	References
Surface-Functionalized Electrospun Nanofibers for Tissue Engineering
	1. Introduction
	2. Electrospinning
	3. Components of the Electrospinning Process
		3.1 Apparatus
		3.2 Parameters Affecting Fiber Quality
	4. Importance of Surface Functionalization for Electrospun Nanofibers
	5. Surface Functionalization/Modification Techniques for Nanofiber Scaffolds
		5.1 Physical Approach
		5.2 Chemical Approach
	6. Characterization of Nanofibers
		6.1 Physical Characterization of Nanofibers
		6.2 Chemical Characterization of Nanofibers
		6.3 Mechanical Characterization of Nanofibers
		6.4 Structural and Thermal Evaluation of Nanofibers
	7. Applications of Electrospun Nanofibers in Tissue Engineering Scaffolds
		7.1 Bone Tissue Engineering
		7.2 Neural Tissue Engineering
		7.3 Cartilage Tissue Engineering
		7.4 Skin Tissue Engineering
		7.5 Clinical Perspective
		7.6 Others
	8. Challenges and Future Prospects
		8.1 Challenges
		8.2 Future Work
	9. Conclusion
	References
Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes-Based Electrospun Nano-Fiber Composite and Its Applications for Environmental Remediation
	1. Introduction
	2. Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs)
	3. f-CNTs-Based Polymer Nano-Composites
	4. Electrospun Nano-Fibers Composite of f-CNTs/Polymers
	5. Application of CNTs-Based Electrospun Nano-Composite for Environmental Remediation
		5.1 Removal of Toxic Metals from Water
		5.2 Removal of Organic Pollutants from Water
		5.3 Oil–Water Separation
		5.4 Removal of Gaseous Pollutants
	6. Chemo-Sensor for Detection of Toxicants
	7. Conclusions
	8. Future Prospect and Challenges
	References