Electrical power distribution systems

Cover
Contents
Chapter One SUPPLY SYSTEM AND DISTRIBUTION PRACTICES
	Introduction
	1.1 Supply Systems
	1.2 The Distribution Systems
	1.3 Organisation and Contents of the Book
		Summary
		Keywords
		Review Questions
		Multiple Choice Questions
		Fill in the Blanks
		Answers
Chapter Two LOAD CHARACTERISTICS AND LOAD MODELLING
	Introduction
	2.1 Defi nitions
	2.2 Loads and Load Characteristics
	2.3 Load Curves and Load-Duration Curves
	2.4 Relation Between Load and Loss Factor: A Simplifi ed Approach
	2.5 Load Growth and Diversifi ed Demands
	2.6 Load Modeling
	2.7 Load Growth and Forecasting
		Summary
		Keywords
		Review Questions
		Problem
		Multiple Choice Questions
		Fill in the Blanks
		Answers
Chapter Three OVERHEAD LINES AND CABLES
	Introduction
	3.1 Line Parameters
	3.2 Overhead Lines, Insulators and Supports
	3.3 Cables
	3.4 Insulation Resistance
	3.5 Voltage Drop and Power Loss in Conductors
		Summary
		Keywords
		Review Questions
		Problem
		Multiple Choice Questions
		Fill in the Blanks
		Answers
Chapter Four DISTRIBUTION FEEDERS
	Introduction
	4.1 Primary and Secondary Distribution
	4.2 Distribution Substation Location and Planning
	4.3 Feeder Loading and Voltage-Drop Considerations
	4.4 Voltage-Drop in Feeder Lines with Different Loadings
	4.5 Voltage Drop Constant ‘K’ For Feeders with Different Types of Loadings
	4.6 Feeder Rating with Square-type Distribution System
		Summary
		Keywords
		Review Questions
		Problem
		Multiple Choice Questions
		Fill in the Blanks
		Answers
Chapter Five PRIMARY AND SECONDARY DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS
	Introduction
	5.1 Primary Distribution System
	5.2 Primary Feeder Voltage Levels and Loading
	5.3 Secondary Distribution Systems
	5.4 Distribution Feeders
	5.5 Design Considerations
		Summary
		Keywords
		Review Questions
		Problem
		Multiple Choice Questions
		Short Questions
		Answers
Chapter Six VOLTAGE DROP AND POWER LOSS CALCULATIONS
	Introduction
	6.1 DC, 2-Wire Distribution System
	6.2 DC, 3-Wire System
	6.3 AC Single-Phase Distribution System
	6.4 Voltage Drop (% VD) Computation Based on Load Density
	6.5 Voltage Drop (VD) With Underground Cable Distribution
	6.6 Power-loss Estimation In Distribution System
		Summary
		Keywords
		Review Questions
		Problem
		Multiple Choice Questions
		Fill in the Blanks
		Answers
Chapter Seven REACTIVE POWER COMPENSATION AND APPLICATIONS OF CAPACITORS
	Introduction
	7.1 Advantages and Benefi ts of Power Factor Improvement
	7.2 Power-factor Analysis and Basics
	7.3 Power-Factor Improvement Using Capacitors: Mathematical Calculation
	7.4 Location of Capacitors
	7.5 Voltage Improvement Achieved Using Capacitor Banks
	7.6 Application of Capacitors for Power-Factor Improvement
	7.7 Sub-harmonic Oscillations and Ferro-Resonance due to Capacitor Banks
	7.8 Synchronous Motors for Reactive Power Compensation and Power Factor Improvement
	7.9 Optimum Power Factor for Distribution Systems
		Summary
		Keywords
		Review Questions
		Problem
		Multiple Choice Questions
		Fill in the Blanks
		Answers
Chapter Eight SUBSTATIONS EQUIPMENT, LOCATION AND GROUNDING
	Introduction
	8.1 Substation Types
	8.2 Substation Components, Equipment and Layouts
	8.3 Substation Location and Size
	8.4 Grounding
	8.5 Earth Connections and Earthing System
	8.6 Gas Insulated Substation (GIS)
		Summary
		Keywords
		Review Questions
		Multiple Choice Questions
		Fill in the Blanks
		Answers
Chapter Nine FAULTS AND OVER VOLTAGES IN DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
	Introduction
	9.1 Types of Faults
	9.2 Symmetrical Component Analysis
	9.3 Fault Analysis for Distribution System
	9.4 Overvoltage in Distribution Systems
		Summary
		Keywords
		Review Questions
		Problem
		Multiple Choice Questions
		Fill in the Blanks
		Answers
Chapter Ten PROTECTION
	Introduction
	10.1 Basic Requirements
	10.2 Overcurrent Protection : Fuses
	10.3 Circuit Breakers
	10.4 Protective Relays and Relaying
	10.5 Coordination Between Different Protective Devices
	10.6 Protection Against Overvoltages
		Summary
		Keywords
		Review Questions
		Multiple Choice Questions
		Fill in the Blanks
		Answers
Chapter Eleven METERING, INSTRUMENTATION AND TARIFFS
	Introduction
	11.1 Measurement of Power
	11.2 Measurement of Energy
	11.3 Maximum Demand and Trivector Meters
	11.4 Substation Instrumentation
	11.5 Tariffs and Billing
		Summary
		Keywords
		Review Questions
		Multiple Choice Questions
		Fill in the Blanks
		Answers
Chapter Twelve VOLTAGE CONTROL: SYSTEM PLANNING AND AUTOMATION
	Introduction
	12.1 Basic Difi nitions
	12.2 Voltage Control
	12.3 Distribution Planning
	12.4 Distribution Automation
	12.5 Distribution Optimization
		Summary
		Keywords
		Review Questions
		Multiple Choice Questions
		Fill in the Blanks
		Answers
Appendix I
Appendix II
Bibliography and References
Index