Effects of Atmospheric Pollutants on Forests, Wetlands and Agricultural Ecosystems

Front Matter....Pages I-XXVII
Development and Causes of Novel Forest Decline in Germany....Pages 1-24
Results of Studies on Forest Decline in Northwest Germany....Pages 25-42
Forest Damage in Switzerland, Austria, and Adjacent Parts of France and Italy in 1984....Pages 43-58
Air Pollution and Forest Damage in Norway....Pages 59-67
Forest Decline — The View from Britain....Pages 69-81
Deterioration of Red Spruce in the Northern Appalachian Mountains....Pages 83-99
Sugar Maple Decline in Ontario....Pages 101-116
Deposition and Forest Canopy Interactions of Airborne Nitrate....Pages 117-130
Responses of Herbaceous and Woody Plants to the Dry Deposition of SO 2 and NO 2 ....Pages 131-144
Plant Cuticle as a Barrier to Acid Rain Penetration....Pages 145-154
The Response of Plant Reproductive Processes to Acidic Rain and Other Air Pollutants....Pages 155-170
Consequences of Cloud Water Deposition on Vegetation at High Elevation....Pages 171-188
Acid Deposition, Nurtrient Imbalance and Tree Decline: A Commentary....Pages 189-199
Response of Trees to Drought....Pages 201-216
Responses of American Forests to Photochemical Oxidants....Pages 217-228
Ozone Toxicity — Is there more than one Mechanism of Action?....Pages 229-240
Ethylene — A Possible Factor in the Response of Plants to Air Pollution and Acid Precipitation....Pages 241-254
Responses of Forests in Decline to Experimental Fertilization....Pages 255-265
Decline as a Phenomenon in Forests: Pathological and Ecological Considerations....Pages 267-275
The use and Limitations of Dendrochronology in Studying Effects of Air Pollution on Forests....Pages 277-290
Dendroecological Analysis of Acidic Deposition Effects on Forest Productivity....Pages 291-306
Trace Metal Uptake and Accumulation in Trees as Affected by Environmental Pollution....Pages 307-319
Air Pollution and Soil Acidification....Pages 321-331
A Discussion of the Changes in Soil Acidity due to Natural Processes and Acid Deposition....Pages 333-345
Soil Acidification and Metal Solubility in Forests of Southern Sweden....Pages 347-359
Differences in Aluminum Mobilization in Spodosols in New Hampshire (USA) and in the Netherlands as a Result of Acid Deposition....Pages 361-376
Limits on Cation Leaching of Weakly Podzolized Forest Soils: An Empirical Evaluation....Pages 377-385
Effects of Heavy Metals and Aluminum on the Root Physiology of Spruce ( Picea Abies Karst.) Seedlings....Pages 387-400
Aluminum Toxicity in Forest Tree Seedlings....Pages 401-409
The Effect of Simulated Acid Rain on Boreal Forest Floor Feather Moss and Lichen Species....Pages 411-426
Annual Absorption of Gaseous Air Pollutants by Mosses and Vascular Plants in Diverse Habitats....Pages 427-438
Effects of Quantitative and Qualitative Changes in Air Pollution on the Ecological and Geographical Performance of Lichens....Pages 439-450
Crop Responses to Ozone — Sulphur Dioxide Mixtures....Pages 451-462
Stomate-Dependent and Stomate-Independent Uptake of NO X , and Effects on Photosynthesis, Respiration and Transpiration of Potted Plants....Pages 463-479
The Effects of Acid Rain, Alone and in Combination with Gaseous Pollutants, on Growth and Yield of Crop Plants....Pages 481-491
The Natural and Anthropogenic Acidification of Peatlands....Pages 493-512
Interactions of Sphagnum with Water and Air....Pages 513-529
Sources of Alkalinity in Precambrian Shield Watersheds Under Natural Conditions and After Fire or Acidification....Pages 531-548
Responses to Acidic Deposition in Ombrotrophic Mires in the U.K.....Pages 549-560
The Stratigraphic Record of Atmospheric Loading of Metals at the Ombrotrophic Big Heath Bog, MT. Desert Island, Maine, U.S.A.....Pages 561-576
Proton Cycling in Bogs: Geographic Variation in Northeastern North America....Pages 577-598
Potential Sulphur Gas Emissions from a Tropical Rainforest and a Southern Appalachian Deciduous Forest....Pages 599-610
Perspectives on Establishing the Relationship between Acidic Deposition and Vegetation Responses....Pages 611-618
Group Summary Report: Forest Decline....Pages 619-623
Group Summary Report: Forest Soils....Pages 625-626
Group Summary Report: Perspectives of Air Pollution Effects on Crop Plants....Pages 627-630
Group Summary Report: Wetlands....Pages 631-636
Back Matter....Pages 637-653