Eel Science (Fisheries Science Series)

Preface
Contents
Part I: Taxonomy
	Chapter 1: Morphology and Taxonomy
		1.1 Morphology
		1.2 Taxonomy
		1.3 Common Names
		1.4 Migration Loops and the Species Concept
		1.5 Taxonomic Problems and Geographic Factors
		1.6 Perspectives on the Morphology and Taxonomy of Anguillid Eels
		References
	Chapter 2: Population Structure and Speciation
		2.1 Population Structure of Temperate Species
		2.2 Population Structure of Tropical Species
		2.3 Speciation
			2.3.1 A Question About A. celebesensis on Sulawesi Island
		2.4 Summary and Future Perspectives
		References
Part II: Ecology
	Chapter 3: Life History
		3.1 Migration as a Key of Life History
			3.1.1 Diadromy
			3.1.2 Migration Scales
		3.2 Life-History Stages
			3.2.1 Egg
			3.2.2 Leptocephalus
			3.2.3 Glass Eel and Elver
			3.2.4 Yellow Eel
			3.2.5 Silver Eel
		3.3 The Unique Life History of Anguillid Eels
		References
	Chapter 4: Spawning Areas
		4.1 Atlantic Eel Spawning Areas
		4.2 Japanese Eel Spawning Area
		4.3 Central Indo-Pacific Eel Spawning Areas
		4.4 South Pacific Eel Spawning Areas
		4.5 Unknown Spawning Areas
		4.6 Factors Determining Spawning Area Locations
		4.7 Summary and Future Research
		References
	Chapter 5: Larval Transport
		5.1 Larval Transport Process of the Japanese Eel
		5.2 Larval Transport Process of the Atlantic Eels
		5.3 Effects of Global Environmental Change
		5.4 Large Time-Scale Climate Change
		References
	Chapter 6: Glass Eel Recruitment
		6.1 Metamorphosis from Leptocephalus to Glass Eel
		6.2 Offshore Transportation Routes of Glass Eels to Taiwan, China, and Japan
		6.3 Glass Eel Arrival in a Wide Range of East Asia
		6.4 Yearly Variation in Recruitment Peak of Glass Eels
		6.5 Glass Eel Behavior and Their Mysterious Ecology in the Offshore Area
		6.6 Upstream Migration in Coastal Areas and Estuaries
		References
	Chapter 7: Spawning Migration
		7.1 Technical Status of Telemetry-Based Research for Silver Eels
		7.2 Spawning Migration of Anguillid Eels
		7.3 Spawning Migration of A. japonica in the Western North Pacific
		7.4 Perspective
		References
	Chapter 8: Behavior
		8.1 Diel Activity
		8.2 Seasonal Activity
		8.3 Feeding Behavior
		8.4 Movement, Home Range, and Homing Behavior
		References
Part III: Physiology
	Chapter 9: Senses and Nervous System
		9.1 Senses
			9.1.1 Olfaction
			9.1.2 Vision
			9.1.3 Lateral Line Sense
			9.1.4 Auditory and Vestibular Senses
			9.1.5 Gustatory and General Visceral Senses
			9.1.6 Magnetosense
			9.1.7 Other Senses
		9.2 Nervous System
			9.2.1 Central Nervous System
				9.2.1.1 Telencephalon
				9.2.1.2 Diencephalon
				9.2.1.3 Mesencephalon
				9.2.1.4 Hindbrain
				9.2.1.5 Medulla Oblongata
				9.2.1.6 Spinal Cord
			9.2.2 Peripheral Nervous System
				9.2.2.1 Cranial Nerves
				9.2.2.2 Spinal Nerve
		References
	Chapter 10: Digestion and Absorption
		10.1 Gross Anatomy of Eel Digestive Organs
		10.2 Morphology and Functions of Eel Teeth and Esophagus
		10.3 Morphology of Eel Gastrointestinal Tract and Pancreas
		10.4 Digestive Mechanism of Eel
		10.5 Nutrient Absorption Mechanism of Eels
		References
	Chapter 11: Osmoregulation
		11.1 The Gills
			11.1.1 Freshwater- and Seawater-Type Ionocytes in Cultured Eel
			11.1.2 Ionocytes in Yellow and Silver Eels
			11.1.3 Molecular Mechanisms of Ion Regulation in Ionocytes
		11.2 The Kidney
			11.2.1 Ion Transports in the Renal Tubules
			11.2.2 Molecular Mechanisms of Monovalent-Ion Transports
		11.3 The Intestine
			11.3.1 Active Absorption of Monovalent Ions
			11.3.2 Formation of Ca and Mg Precipitates
			11.3.3 Water Absorption in the Rectum
		11.4 Osmoregulation in Japanese Eel Embryos and Larvae
			11.4.1 Ionocytes in Embryos and Hatched Larvae
			11.4.2 Osmoregulation in Leptocephali and Glass Eels
			11.4.3 Development of the Gills and Gill Ionocytes
		References
	Chapter 12: Reproduction
		12.1 Gonadal Sex Differentiation
			12.1.1 Morphological Gonadal Sex Differentiation
			12.1.2 Molecular Gonadal Sex Differentiation
		12.2 Pre-vitellogenic Development, Oil Droplet Accumulation
		12.3 Vitellogenic Oocyte Growth
		12.4 Control of Maturation-Inducing Steroid Synthesis and Oocyte Maturation
		12.5 Perspectives
		References
	Chapter 13: Metamorphosis and Silvering
		13.1 Metamorphosis
			13.1.1 Metamorphosis in Fish
			13.1.2 External Changes During Metamorphosis and Staging
			13.1.3 Internal Histological Changes During Metamorphosis
			13.1.4 Thyroidal Regulation of Eel Metamorphosis
			13.1.5 The Effect of Starvation on Eel Metamorphosis
		13.2 Silvering
			13.2.1 Secondary Sexual Characteristics in Fish
			13.2.2 Silvering and Related Morphological Changes
			13.2.3 Silvering Stages
			13.2.4 Seasonality of Silvering
			13.2.5 Silvering and Gonadal Development
			13.2.6 Silvering and Behavioral Change
			13.2.7 Physiological Mechanisms of Silvering
		References
Part IV: Applied Science
	Chapter 14: Artificial Maturation
		14.1 Gonadal Stage of Broodstock Eels Before the Induction of Artificial Maturation
		14.2 Method for the Induction of Artificial Maturation
		14.3 Seasonal Effects on the Induction of Artificial Maturation
		14.4 Improvement of the Timing for the Induction of Ovulation Using the Fusion Stage of Lipid Droplets as a Biomarker
		14.5 Molecular Mechanism Underlying Egg-Quality Loss
		14.6 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 15: Larval Rearing
		15.1 Incubating Eggs and Preleptocephali
		15.2 Captive Environment for Leptocephali
		15.3 Rearing Tanks
		15.4 Artificial Diets
		15.5 Inducing Metamorphosis
		15.6 Deformity
		15.7 Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 16: Breeding
		16.1 Breeding Program
		16.2 Sperm Cryopreservation
		16.3 Genomics and Tools
		16.4 Base Population and Broodstock Management
		16.5 Genetic Analysis of Metamorphic Traits
		16.6 Genomic Selection
		16.7 Optimum Contribution Selection
		16.8 Other Breeding Schemes
		16.9 Conclusion and Future Remarks
		References
	Chapter 17: Diseases
		17.1 Brachionephritis with Unknown Etiology
		17.2 Viral Diseases
			17.2.1 Eel Virus European (EVE)
			17.2.2 Eel Virus European X (EVEX)/Eel Virus American (EVA)
			17.2.3 Anguillid Herpesvirus 1
			17.2.4 Viral Endothelial Cell Necrosis
		17.3 Bacterial Diseases
			17.3.1 Pseudomonas angulliseptica
			17.3.2 Edwardsiella tarda/piscicida/anguillarum
		17.4 Parasitic Diseases
			17.4.1 Anguillicola crassus (syn. Anguillicoloides crassus)
			17.4.2 Pseudodactylogyrus spp.
		17.5 Characteristics of Eel Diseases
			17.5.1 Changes in Farming Methods and Diseases
			17.5.2 International Trades of Eels and Spread of Diseases
			17.5.3 Depletion of Wild Eel Stocks and Diseases
		References
Part V: Resources and Conservation
	Chapter 18: Fisheries
		18.1 Glass Eel Fisheries
		18.2 Yellow Eel Fisheries
		18.3 Silver Eel Fisheries
		References
	Chapter 19: Resources
		19.1 Current State of Resources
		19.2 Resource Management
			19.2.1 Precautionary Approach
			19.2.2 Domestic Conservation and Management Measures
				19.2.2.1 Eel Catch
				19.2.2.2 Eel Aquaculture
				19.2.2.3 International Trade
			19.2.3 International Arrangements for Conservation and Management of Japanese Eels
			19.2.4 Recent Situation Surrounding Management of Japanese Eel Resources
				19.2.4.1 Domestic Efforts
				19.2.4.2 International Efforts
			19.2.5 Management of European Eel in Europe
		19.3 Future Perspectives
		References
Chapter 20: Trading and Distribution
	20.1 The Emergence and Expansion of Eel Farming
	20.2 Domestic and International Trade of Glass Eels
	20.3 Changing Patterns of Eel Consumption
	20.4 Illegal Fishing of Glass Eel Fisheries and Trade
	20.5 Dubious International Trade
	20.6 Conclusion
Chapter 21: Circulation
	21.1 Distribution Range of Anguillid Species: A Case of the Japanese Eel
	21.2 Non-native Eel Species in Japan and Other East Asian Countries
	21.3 Alternative Species for Aquaculture Seedlings
		21.3.1 Case 1
		21.3.2 Case 2
		21.3.3 Case 3
		21.3.4 Case 4
	21.4 Changes in the Species Used for Inexpensive Eel Products
	References
Chapter 22: River Improvement
	22.1 Balance Between Flood Control and Preservation of Aquatic Habitat through Consecutively Assembled Boulders
	22.2 Experimental Setup
	22.3 Water Surface Profile and Water Level
	22.4 Velocity Fields
	22.5 Discussion for Experimental Results
	22.6 Field Verifications on Aquatic Habitat around Consecutive Assembled Boulders
	22.7 Conclusions
	References
Chapter 23: Conservation
	23.1 Introduction
	23.2 Conservation Status
		23.2.1 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
		23.2.2 IUCN Green Status of Species
	23.3 Conservation Action
		23.3.1 Global Frameworks
		23.3.2 Regional Frameworks
		23.3.3 National Measures
	23.4 Conclusions
	References
Correction to: Reproduction
	Correction to: Chapter 12 in: K. Tsukamoto et al. (eds.), Eel Science, Fisheries Science Series, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-9...