Economics of Developing Countries

ECONOMICS OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES......Page 4
CONTENTS......Page 6
PREFACE......Page 8
SHORT COMMUNICATION......Page 14
1. Introduction......Page 16
2. Data......Page 18
3. Empirical Analysis......Page 23
4. Empirical Results......Page 24
5. Conclusion......Page 29
References......Page 30
RESEARCH AND REVIEW STUDIES......Page 32
1. Introduction......Page 34
2.1. The Role of Developing Countries in Agricultural Negotiations......Page 36
2.2. Special and Differential Treatment for DCs......Page 38
2.3. Main Issues of Agricultural Negotiations Affecting the Doha Round Deadlock......Page 41
3. Winners and Losers in the DOHA Round......Page 43
4. Factors Influencing the Trade-Poverty Nexus......Page 50
4.1. Household Behavior......Page 51
4.2. Factor Markets......Page 53
4.3. The Role of Government......Page 54
5.1. Theoretical Aspects of Preferential Regimes and Preference Erosion......Page 55
5.2. The Real Utilization of Preferential Regimes......Page 57
5.3. Dealing with Preference Erosion: Potential Policy Responses......Page 58
6. Conclusion......Page 60
References......Page 61
Abstract......Page 66
1. Introduction......Page 67
2.1. Political Risk, International Capital Flows, Investment and Growth......Page 68
2.2. International Capital Flows, Macroeconomic Volatility and Growth......Page 70
3. Capital Flows and Socio-political Risk: The Endogeneity Problem......Page 72
3.1. The Hypothesis......Page 76
3.2. Data Sources and Measurement Issues......Page 78
4.1. A Granger Causality Analysis......Page 81
4.2. Impulse Response Analysis......Page 83
5. Conclusion......Page 84
References......Page 85
Abstract......Page 92
1. Introduction......Page 93
2. How to Measure Structural Reforms and the Role of Structural Reforms on Capital Accumulation......Page 96
3. The Role of Administrative Quality on Capital Accumulation and Structural Reforms......Page 98
4.1. Neo-Classical Accelerator Model......Page 99
4.2. Human Capital......Page 100
5.1. The Model Tested......Page 101
5.2.1. Empirical Results on Gross Fixed Capital Formation (Investment) Equation......Page 103
5.2.2. Empirical Results on Structural Reform Equation......Page 107
6. Conclusion......Page 110
7. Appendices......Page 111
References......Page 115
I. Introduction......Page 118
A. Panel Data Analysis......Page 119
B. Time Series Analysis......Page 122
III. Conclusion......Page 126
Appendix......Page 127
References......Page 128
Abstract......Page 130
1. Introduction: Factors Affecting Child Malnutrition and Mortality......Page 131
2. Methodology......Page 134
3.1. Basic Relationships between the Level of Economic Development and Social Outcomes Indicators......Page 139
3.2. GDP per capita and Primary Income Distribution: Income Factors......Page 141
3.3. Non-income Factors......Page 142
3.4. Income and Non-income Factors......Page 143
3.5. Regional Fixed Effects......Page 145
3.6. Models in Growth Rates (1990-2004)......Page 146
4. Poverty, Malnutrition, and Child Mortality in China and Vietnam......Page 150
5. Economic and Social Determinants of Child Mortality: An Econometric Analysis......Page 158
6. Asian Market Socialism: Strategic Control of the Surplus, Fast Growth, and Rapid Decrease of Poverty......Page 159
7. Relative Underdevelopment of Social Services under Market Socialism......Page 161
8. Conclusions......Page 162
References......Page 165
Introduction......Page 170
1.1. Knowledge What is it.......Page 172
1.3. What is a Commodity?......Page 174
1.4. Knowledge as a Commodity......Page 175
2. Being Less Developed......Page 176
3. Point X and Point U......Page 178
3.1. Systems Potential......Page 180
3.1.1. ƒ(∑Yit-1 – Yt-1)Ci = X6......Page 181
3.1.2. X2, the Conversion Rate......Page 183
3.1.3. X1, Economic Freedom......Page 185
3.1.4. X3, Academic Freedom......Page 187
3.1.5. X4, Research Private and Government......Page 188
3.2. The Systems Potential......Page 190
4.1. Crucial Past Mistakes......Page 191
4.2. Managing Knowledge......Page 193
5. Conclusion......Page 195
Reference......Page 196
Abstract......Page 198
A. The Stages of Economic Growth......Page 199
i. Developed Club......Page 202
b. Volatility......Page 205
I. Beginning Conditions and Natural Resources......Page 209
a. Natural Resources......Page 211
II. Globalisation......Page 212
ii. Globalisation and Free Foreign Trade......Page 214
iii. Globalisation and Capital Movements......Page 221
III. Structural Transformation, Industrialisation and Technology......Page 226
IV. Real Wage Effect and Labor Productivity......Page 230
V. Investment in Human Capital......Page 233
VI. Population......Page 234
VII. Democracy, Political Stability and Instability......Page 235
b. Political Instability and Terror......Page 236
c. Political Instability, Property Rights, Goverment Expenditures, Debts, and Tax Structure......Page 237
d. Political Instability and Unregistered Economy......Page 239
e. Globalisation, Nation State and Political Instabilities......Page 240
g. Religion......Page 241
h. Ethnic Heterogeneity......Page 242
i. Security, Civil War and War......Page 244
j. Political Violence, Predation of Opposition......Page 246
Conclusion......Page 247
References......Page 248
Abstract......Page 262
1. Introduction......Page 263
2.1. Experience of Indonesia......Page 265
2.2. Transmission Problem......Page 272
3.1. Macro Fluctuation......Page 275
3.2. Micro Foundation......Page 276
5. References......Page 283
1.  Introduction......Page 286
2.  Cotton Farming in the U.S. and Côte d'Ivoire......Page 291
3.  A Simple Theoretical Framework......Page 294
4.  Data and Results......Page 295
5.  Conclusions and Policy Implications......Page 300
Appendix......Page 302
References......Page 313
1. Introduction......Page 316
2. General Economic Analysis......Page 318
3. Optimal Investment Delays......Page 320
4. Risk Management......Page 322
5. Health Derivatives......Page 325
5.1. Structured Product......Page 326
5.2. Arrow Securities......Page 328
6. Conclusion......Page 330
References......Page 331
Abstract......Page 334
2. Structural Transformation in Asia......Page 335
3. Capability Building for Innovations in Asia......Page 338
4. Public Policy Support for Innovations across Asian Countries......Page 343
5. Open National Innovation System and Policy Agenda for National and International Public Agencies......Page 346
6. Conclusion......Page 347
References......Page 348
1.Introduction......Page 350
2.TheModel......Page 352
3.IntroducingtheCommunicationsNetwor......Page 353
4.InterregionalTradeinBusinessServicesandInternationalTradeinGoods......Page 355
6.ConcludingRemarks......Page 358
References......Page 359
Abstract......Page 362
1. Tendencies towards Globalisation and Demand for Information......Page 363
2. Settlement Decisions and Heterogeneous Quality of Locations– The Problem of Quality Unawareness......Page 365
3.1. Basic Assumptions......Page 367
3.2. Quality Signal I: Introductory Offers......Page 368
3.3. Quality Signal II: Expenses for Advertisement......Page 370
3.4. Quality Signal III: ‘Lighthouse Policy’......Page 372
4. A Comparison of Signalling Strategies......Page 376
5. Concluding Remarks......Page 379
References......Page 380
Abstract......Page 384
Rich in Resources but Poor Nevertheless......Page 385
Natural Gas Boom and Conflict Potential in Bolivia......Page 386
“Guerra del Gas”......Page 388
Investor Reaction: To Stay or to Go?......Page 390
New Conflict Potential and Ways out of the Crisis......Page 391
From Left-Swing Forecasts to a Contender for Investment Grade......Page 392
Rumours and Moods Spread by Global Buzz......Page 394
Investor Reaction......Page 396
Conclusion......Page 397
References......Page 398
1.Introduction......Page 402
RelatedLiterature......Page 405
2.NigeriapreandpostDemocracy......Page 406
3.2.EvidenceofGeneralWelfareImprovementsPostDemocracy......Page 407
4.1.ChangeinMeanIncome......Page 409
4.2.MeasuresofPoverty......Page 410
4.4.ProbabilityofEmployment......Page 411
4.5.ReturnstoEducation......Page 412
5.1.ChangeinMeanIncome......Page 413
5.2.PovertyAnalysisResults......Page 415
5.3.ResultsfromInequalityEstimatio......Page 417
5.4.ResultsonChangesinEmployment......Page 419
5.5.ResultsforEstimatingReturnstoEducation......Page 420
6.Conclusion......Page 421
References......Page 424
Introduction......Page 428
Growth and Democracy......Page 429
Growth and Stability of Democracy......Page 436
Convergence in Democracy......Page 440
Conclusion......Page 442
Appendix 1......Page 443
Appendix 2......Page 444
References......Page 445
INDEX......Page 448