EcoDesign for Sustainable Products, Services and Social Systems I

Preface
Contents
Part I: Collaborative Design
	Chapter 1: Modeling Local Product Development Through Multidisciplinary Collaboration: A Case Study in Nagara, Chiba Prefectur...
		1.1 Introduction
		1.2 Incorporating Design Thinking into Regional Revitalization
		1.3 Local Product Development in Nagara
			1.3.1 Observing the Situation
			1.3.2 Defining Issues
			1.3.3 Creating Ideas
			1.3.4 Prototype Testing Before the COVID-19 Outbreak
			1.3.5 Prototype Testing During the COVID-19 Pandemic
		1.4 Modeling Local Product Development
		1.5 Discussion
		References
	Chapter 2: Developing Reusable Packaging for FMCG: Consumers´ Perceptions of Benefits and Risks of Refillable and Returnable P...
		2.1 Introduction
		2.2 Theoretical Background and Hypotheses
			2.2.1 Perceived Benefits Related to the Adoption of Reusable Packaging Systems
			2.2.2 Perceived Risks Related to the Adoption of Reusable Packaging Systems
		2.3 Method
			2.3.1 Design, Procedure and Measurements
			2.3.2 Sample
			2.3.3 Stimuli and Scenarios
		2.4 Results
			2.4.1 Evaluation of the Measurements
			2.4.2 Different Consumers´ Responses Between Types of Packaging and Product Categories
				2.4.2.1 Differences in the Evaluation of Perceived Benefits
				2.4.2.2 Differences in the Evaluation of Perceived Risks
				2.4.2.3 Purchase Intention of Three Types of Packaging
		2.5 Discussion
		Appendix 1:Stimuli and Six Conditions Used in Questionnaire
		Appendix 2: Measurement Scales
		References
	Chapter 3: Design, Evaluation, and Acceptance of Advanced Energy-Efficient Houses for Thailand
		3.1 Introduction
		3.2 Methods
			3.2.1 Procedure and Target Area
			3.2.2 Design of Energy-Efficient Houses
			3.2.3 Estimation of Cooling Energy Demand, Etc.
			3.2.4 Stakeholder Discussions
		3.3 Results and Discussion
			3.3.1 Design of Energy-Efficient Houses
			3.3.2 Stakeholder Discussions
		3.4 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 4: Explore the Framework Construction of Gamification Applied to Basic Design Teaching
		4.1 Introduction
		4.2 Literature Review
			4.2.1 Gamification Framework
				4.2.1.1 The Definition of Gamification
				4.2.1.2 The Framework for Gamification
			4.2.2 Gamification Teaching and Gamification Teaching Framework
			4.2.3 Gamification and Basic Design Teaching for Cultivating Creativity
		4.3 Research Process and Method
			4.3.1 Preliminary Framework Construction
				4.3.1.1 Teacher´s Asking Integrating Teaching Objectives and Gamified Story Situation
				4.3.1.2 The Creative Thinking of Integrating Gamified Dynamics
				4.3.1.3 Doing the Design by Incorporating Game Mechanics
				4.3.1.4 Evaluation by Digital Technology
			4.3.2 Expert Interview
		4.4 Result and Discussion
			4.4.1 Result
			4.4.2 Discussion
		References
	Chapter 5: Future Design-Based Policy Making Card Game for High School Education
		5.1 Introduction
			5.1.1 Background
			5.1.2 Purpose of This Research
		5.2 Method
			5.2.1 Outline of the Class
			5.2.2 Design of the Card Game
			5.2.3 Procedure of the Class
			5.2.4 Details of the Questionnaire
		5.3 Results and Discussion
			5.3.1 Results of the Game
			5.3.2 Results of the Questionnaire
		5.4 Summary
		References
Part II: Sustainable Innovation
	Chapter 6: Frugal Innovation in BOP Communities: Co-Design of a Technical Solution to Support Community Agriculture in Mexico
		6.1 Introduction
		6.2 Frugal Innovation and Co-Design
			6.2.1 Frugal Innovation
			6.2.2 Co-Designing with BOP People
		6.3 Method
		6.4 Prototype Design
			6.4.1 Requirements
			6.4.2 Function Analysis
			6.4.3 Generating Alternatives
			6.4.4 Alternatives Evaluation
			6.4.5 Design Concept
			6.4.6 Detailed Design
				6.4.6.1 Dosage Subsystem
				6.4.6.2 Thorns Cleaning Subsystem
				6.4.6.3 Classifier Subsystem
				6.4.6.4 Machine-User Interaction Subsystem
			6.4.7 Validation
		6.5 Implications and Limitations
		6.6 Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 7: Exploring Frugal Innovation as an Ecodesign Strategy: A Case Study of a Water Access Solution at the BoP
		7.1 Introduction
		7.2 Prior Research
			7.2.1 Frugal Innovation and BoP Entrepreneurs
			7.2.2 Water Access Solutions in the BoP
		7.3 Research Method
			7.3.1 Case Selection
			7.3.2 Data Collection
			7.3.3 Data Analysis
		7.4 Findings
			7.4.1 Description of the Innovation of Isla Urbana
			7.4.2 Frugality
			7.4.3 Resources Sharing
			7.4.4 Human Side
		7.5 Implications and Limitations
		7.6 Conclusions and Further Research
		References
	Chapter 8: A Methodical Concept for the Development of Sustainable Products Through Radical Innovations
		8.1 Introduction
		8.2 Current Challenges
			8.2.1 State of the Art
			8.2.2 Critical Reflection
		8.3 User Study
			8.3.1 Methodical Approach
			8.3.2 Company Survey
			8.3.3 Reflection of the Results
		8.4 Concept Development
			8.4.1 Methodical Approach
				8.4.1.1 Identification of Needs and Goal Definition
				8.4.1.2 Gathering and Analysing Existing Knowledge
				8.4.1.3 Design and Development
				8.4.1.4 Evaluation
			8.4.2 Requirements on the System
			8.4.3 System Definition
			8.4.4 Reference Process
				8.4.4.1 Technology and Market Assessment
				8.4.4.2 Knowledge Generation
				8.4.4.3 Idea Generation
				8.4.4.4 Conceptualisation and Business Planning
				8.4.4.5 Project Generation
			8.4.5 Concept Application
		8.5 Consideration and Outlook
		References
	Chapter 9: Thinking Model for Japanese Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Innovation Explicated by OntoIS
		9.1 Introduction
		9.2 Ontology and Its Application
		9.3 Method
		9.4 Results and Discussion
			9.4.1 Action Decomposition Tree Description
				9.4.1.1 Improvement 1
				9.4.1.2 Improvement 2
			9.4.2 Manual of OntoIS
			9.4.3 Analysis of SME Innovation Explicated by OntoIS
		9.5 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 10: Applying Regenerative Sustainability Principles in Manufacturing
		10.1 Introduction
		10.2 Concepts and Definitions
			10.2.1 Sustainability Approaches
			10.2.2 Restoration and Regeneration
			10.2.3 Conservation and Preservation
			10.2.4 Ecosystems Services
			10.2.5 Ecocentric Environmental Performance
		10.3 Regenerative Sustainability in Manufacturing Systems
		10.4 Examples of Indicators and Actions
		10.5 Discussion
		10.6 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 11: The Potential for Reverse Innovation in Sustainable Development: A Knowledge-Directed Outlook
		11.1 Introduction
		11.2 Scope and Perspective
		11.3 Background and Related Work
			11.3.1 Productive Problems and Effective Solutions
			11.3.2 Innovation and Knowledge
			11.3.3 Frugal Solutions, Reverse Innovation, and AT
		11.4 Aspects of Knowledge Creation Potentials
			11.4.1 Problem Identification and Formation
			11.4.2 The Context of Use Exposure
			11.4.3 Technological Convergence Disclosure
		11.5 Open Issues and Conclusions
		References
Part III: Digital Technologies
	Chapter 12: Finding Applications for Secondary Raw Materials
		12.1 Introduction
		12.2 Method
			12.2.1 Identification of Applications for Secondary Raw Materials
			12.2.2 Revised Method
			12.2.3 Materials Databases and Tools
				12.2.3.1 Extensive Property Data
				12.2.3.2 The Find Similar Tool
		12.3 Results
			12.3.1 Original Study Reproduction
			12.3.2 PET Recycling
			12.3.3 PP Recycling
		12.4 Discussion
		12.5 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 13: Digital Product Passports in Circular Economy: Case Battery Passport
		13.1 Introduction
		13.2 Material and Methods
			13.2.1 Literature Review
			13.2.2 Interviews
			13.2.3 Workshop
		13.3 Results
			13.3.1 Materials Passports
			13.3.2 Product Passports
			13.3.3 Battery Passport
			13.3.4 Interviews
			13.3.5 Workshop
		13.4 Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 14: Data Platforms as Tools for Circular Economy
		14.1 Introduction
		14.2 Theoretical Background
			14.2.1 Challenges in the Adoption of Circular Economy
			14.2.2 Data Platforms and Circular Economy
		14.3 Data Collection and Analysis
		14.4 Findings
			14.4.1 General Trends and Drivers in Data Use for Circularity
			14.4.2 Stakeholders´ Data Needs and Opportunities
				14.4.2.1 Overview Through the Value Chain
				14.4.2.2 Raw Materials Production and Materials Processing
				14.4.2.3 Manufacturing
				14.4.2.4 Marketing, Distribution and Sales
				14.4.2.5 Use and Reuse, Waste Management and Recycling
				14.4.2.6 Shared Data Needs and Opportunities Through the Value Network
		14.5 Discussion
			14.5.1 Data Platforms´ Potential Role in Enabling Circular Business Models in the Battery Value Chain
			14.5.2 System-Level Data Challenges
			14.5.3 Limitations of the Study
		14.6 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 15: Artificial Intelligence for Process Control in Remanufacturing
		15.1 Introduction
		15.2 Process Control Technologies in Remanufacturing
		15.3 Problem Description/Formulation
		15.4 Convolutional Neural Networks
		15.5 Artificial Intelligence in Process Control
			15.5.1 Model Design Approach
			15.5.2 Datasets
			15.5.3 Model Training
		15.6 Model Evaluation and Results
		15.7 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 16: Machine Recognition of ICs in Recycling Process of Small-Sized Electronics
		16.1 Introduction
		16.2 Previous Proposal and Remote Recycling
			16.2.1 Concept Proposal
			16.2.2 Problems in Remote Recycling
		16.3 Improved Way of Automated Recycling
			16.3.1 Application of AI to Parts Recognition
			16.3.2 Application to Recycling
		16.4 Hardware Settings and Data Preparation
			16.4.1 Environment for Machine Recognition
			16.4.2 Preparation of the Dataset (5000) for Machine Learning
			16.4.3 Dataset Improvement
		16.5 Training Results
			16.5.1 Structure of CNN and Hyperparameter Settings
			16.5.2 Training by the Dataset (5000)
			16.5.3 Training by the Dataset (5600)
		16.6 Classification Test Results
			16.6.1 Process of the Classification Test
			16.6.2 Results of the Classification Test
			16.6.3 Supplementary Test
		16.7 Summary
		References
	Chapter 17: Exploring New Way Media Information of the Product That Promote Sustainable Consumption and Production
		17.1 Introduction
		17.2 Standard Label and Environmental Label in Japan
			17.2.1 The Standard Label of Traditional Products in Japan
			17.2.2 The Environmental Label and Eco Mark of Environmental Products in Japan
		17.3 General Design Method
		17.4 The Current Label and Manual Instruction of Traditional Products
		17.5 User Attitude towards Current Label and Manual Instruction of Traditional Products
		17.6 User Attitudes Towards the Current Ecological Label Used in Environmental Products
		17.7 Designing Sustain Label Information (SLI) Based on the Users Attitudes and Preference
			17.7.1 Environmental Icon
			17.7.2 Design of Environmental Icons and Products Category Icons
			17.7.3 Incentive the Eco-Service Through the QR (Quick Response) Code-Based Information
			17.7.4 Design of Label of Products: Size and Materials
		17.8 Conclusion
		17.9 Limitation of Research and Consideration of Future Proposal Design
		References
	Chapter 18: Towards Digital Circular Design
		18.1 Introduction
		18.2 Circular Design Platform: Modelling Factory and Its Semantic Core
		18.3 Circular Design
		18.4 Materials and Methods
			18.4.1 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
			18.4.2 Life Cycle Costing (LCC)
			18.4.3 Social Life Cycle Assessment (SLCA)
			18.4.4 Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA)
			18.4.5 System Dynamics (SD)
			18.4.6 Integrated Computational Materials Engineering
		18.5 Results and Discussion
			18.5.1 Network LCA for CE Design: Generic Web Service for Value-Chain Sustainability Optimization
			18.5.2 SD Models for CE Design: Analysis of Secondary Raw Materials Flows Using System Dynamics
		18.6 Summary
		References
Part IV: Product and Process Design
	Chapter 19: Circular Furniture Design: A Case Study from Swedish Furniture Industry
		19.1 Introduction
			19.1.1 Aim
			19.1.2 Methodology
		19.2 Theoretical Background
			19.2.1 Disassembly Guidelines
				19.2.1.1 Case Studies: Existing Business Examples
					19.2.1.1.1 Swedese
					19.2.1.1.2 Flokk
					19.2.1.1.3 Orange Box: Remade
		19.3 The Case of Savo JOI
			19.3.1 User Studies
				19.3.1.1 Affinity Diagramming
				19.3.1.2 Design Solutions According to DfD-Guidelines
		19.4 Discussion
		19.5 Conclusions
		Appendix
		References
	Chapter 20: Current Challenges in the Lifetime Extension of Smartphones
		20.1 Introduction
		20.2 Materials and Methods
		20.3 Challenges and Opportunities in the Lifetime Extension
			20.3.1 Smartphone Lifetime Extension Opportunities
			20.3.2 Design for Circular Economy Strategies
			20.3.3 Design for Durability and Repair
			20.3.4 Prompting Repairs
			20.3.5 Alternative to Phone Ownership
			20.3.6 Life Cycle Length from a Consumer Perspective
		20.4 Policies for Lifetime Extension
		20.5 Interviews About the Challenges Behind the Lifetime Extension
		20.6 Summary
		References
	Chapter 21: Dielectric Elastomer Transducer (High-Efficiency Actuator and Power Generation System)
		21.1 Introduction
		21.2 Dielectric Elastomer (DE) Background
		21.3 Development of the Power Generation System Using DES
			21.3.1 DE Power Generation Using Solar Heat
			21.3.2 DE Power Generation Using Fluid
			21.3.3 DE Power Generation Using Wind Power
			21.3.4 Energy Saving Drive Using a DE Actuator
		21.4 Summary and Recommendations
		References
	Chapter 22: Sustainable Services in Convenience Stores: A Case Study on Food Loss Label
		22.1 Introduction
		22.2 General Design Research
		22.3 Convenience Stores and Food Loss
			22.3.1 The Convenience Stores in Japan
			22.3.2 Food Loss in Convenience Stores
			22.3.3 Initiative to Reduce Food Loss in Convenience Stores
			22.3.4 User Attitudes Toward an Initiative to Reduce Food Loss in Convenience Stores
		22.4 Designing a Sustainable Services to Reduce Food Loss
			22.4.1 Mottainai Food Label (MFL) and Mottainai Food Application for Convenience Stores (MFA-CV)L
				22.4.1.1 Feature of the Mottainai Food Loss Services Application
			22.4.2 Mottainai Food Label (MFL) with UV-Colour Change Resources
			22.4.3 Evaluation of Mottainai Food Label (MFL) and Mottainai Application for Convenience Stores (MFA-CV)
		22.5 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 23: An Overview of Sustainability Held During 1992 to 2021 in China: An Industrial Design Perspective
		23.1 Introduction
		23.2 Research Significance
			23.2.1 Research Purpose
			23.2.2 Research Methods
		23.3 Results
			23.3.1 The Current Sustainable Development in China
				23.3.1.1 The Government´s Policy
				23.3.1.2 Economic Development
			23.3.2 Sustainable Development in Different Chinese Industries
				23.3.2.1 Home Appliance Industry Sector
				23.3.2.2 Haier Group: A Case Study of the Home Appliance Industry in China
				23.3.2.3 Plastic Packaging Industry in China
				23.3.2.4 Huangshan Yongxin Packaging Materials Co., Ltd.: A Case Study
				23.3.2.5 Automobile Industry in China
				23.3.2.6 BYD(BiYaDi) Auto: A Case Study
			23.3.3 General View of Sustainable Design in China
				23.3.3.1 Analyzing Sustainable Design in China
					23.3.3.1.1 The Economic Aspects
					23.3.3.1.2 The Cultural Aspects
					23.3.3.1.3 The Social Aspects
				23.3.3.2 The Sustainable Design in China Universities: A General View
				23.3.3.3 Sustainable Design Modules and Academic Projects
				23.3.3.4 Development of Industrial Products
				23.3.3.5 Implementation of Sustainable Design
		23.4 Discussion
		23.5 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 24: Increased Personal Protective and Medical Equipment Manufacturing to Fight COVID-19: An Egregious Approach for the...
		24.1 Introduction
			24.1.1 Background on Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
			24.1.2 COVID-19 Pandemic and the PPE
			24.1.3 PPE Manufacturing
			24.1.4 PPE Life Cycle
			24.1.5 Scope of Research
		24.2 Methodology
			24.2.1 Literature Review
			24.2.2 Industry Engagement
		24.3 Findings and Discussions
			24.3.1 Raw Materials Processing
			24.3.2 Manufacturing Process
			24.3.3 Transportation and Logistics Network
			24.3.4 Consumption and Usage
			24.3.5 End-of-Life Management of PPE
		24.4 Conclusion
			24.4.1 Discourage the Use of Single-Use PPE
			24.4.2 Improve Used PPE Collection, Sorting and Recycling
			24.4.3 Improve the Capabilities of Manufacturing and Supply Chain to Handle Wastes
		References
	Chapter 25: Silver Recovery from Spent Photovoltaic Panel Sheets Using Electrical Wire Explosion
		25.1 Introduction
		25.2 Materials and Methods
			25.2.1 PV Cell Sheet Sample
			25.2.2 Separation Method
				25.2.2.1 Electrical Explosion Using Pulsed Discharge
				25.2.2.2 Mechanical Milling Using Cutter Mill
			25.2.3 Analysis Methods
		25.3 Results and Discussion
			25.3.1 Separation Properties of the Electrical Explosion
			25.3.2 Separation Properties of Mechanical Milling
			25.3.3 Separation Properties of Mechanical Milling After the Electrical Explosion
			25.3.4 Optimum Process for Ag and Cu Recovery
		25.4 Conclusions
		References
Part V: Design Methodology for Sustainability
	Chapter 26: Procedure Model to Support the Recycling-Oriented Design of Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles
		26.1 Introduction
		26.2 Basics on the Design and Recycling of LIBs to Support the Procedure Development
			26.2.1 Design and Structure of Current Battery Systems
			26.2.2 Possible Recycling Options for LIBs
		26.3 State of Research
		26.4 Procedure Model to Support the Derivation of Recycling Oriented Design Guidelines
			26.4.1 Requirement Analysis
			26.4.2 Systems Modelling
			26.4.3 Derivation of Alternative Design Options
			26.4.4 Decision Process
			26.4.5 Continuous Examination
		26.5 Examples for the Derivation of Recycling-Oriented Design Measures
		26.6 Conclusion and Outlook
		References
	Chapter 27: Holistic Ecodesign Framework Developed Through a Case Study in the Automotive Industry
		27.1 Introduction
		27.2 Research Methodology
		27.3 Results
			27.3.1 Literature Analysis
			27.3.2 Conceptualization of the Framework
			27.3.3 Case Study
				27.3.3.1 Discover Stage
				27.3.3.2 Define Stage
				27.3.3.3 Develop Stage
				27.3.3.4 Deliver Stage
		27.4 Discussion
		27.5 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 28: Depth and Detail or Quick and Easy? Benefits and Drawbacks of Two Approaches to Define Sustainability Criteria in ...
		28.1 Introduction
		28.2 Research Design
			28.2.1 Approaches to Identify Leading Sustainability Criteria
				28.2.1.1 The Sustainability Design Space Approach
				28.2.1.2 The Leading Sustainability Criteria Workshop Approach
			28.2.2 Comparative Quality Evaluation and Use Case Selection
		28.3 Evaluation of Use Cases
			28.3.1 Use Case (1) Sustainability Design Space in Aerospace Engine Component Design and in Construction Equipment Design
				28.3.1.1 Usefulness, Usability, Applicability
			28.3.2 Use Case (2) Combination of Sustainability Design Space and Leading Sustainability Criteria Workshop Within Industrial ...
				28.3.2.1 Usefulness, Usability, Applicability
			28.3.3 Use Case (3) Leading Sustainability Criteria Workshop in Engineering Design Education Projects
				28.3.3.1 Evaluation of Usefulness, Usability, Applicability
		28.4 Concluding Discussion
			28.4.1 Benefits and Drawbacks with the Sustainability Design Space and the Leading Sustainability Criteria Workshop
			28.4.2 Depth and Detail Versus Quick and Easy
		References
	Chapter 29: Designing Interventions for Sustainability: A Conceptual Framework for Information Scoping in the Design Research ...
		29.1 Introduction
		29.2 Background Framework
			29.2.1 Design for Sustainable Behaviour (DfSB)
			29.2.2 Social Implication Design (SID) Methodology
			29.2.3 Transdisciplinary Framework for Behaviour Change
		29.3 Research Approach and Methodology
			29.3.1 Literature Review
			29.3.2 Case Study Meta-Synthesis
		29.4 Findings
			29.4.1 Findings from Literature Review
			29.4.2 Findings from Case Study Meta-Synthesis
		29.5 Theoretical Framework
			29.5.1 Contextual Factors
			29.5.2 Cultural Factors
			29.5.3 Intent Factors
		29.6 Discussion and Conclusion
			29.6.1 Limitations
			29.6.2 Further Scope
		References
	Chapter 30: A Sustainable Product-Service System (PSS) Design for Retail Food Loss and Waste: Research Through Design
		30.1 Introduction
			30.1.1 Research Background
			30.1.2 Product-Service System and Sustainable
			30.1.3 Research Aims and Questions
		30.2 Methods
		30.3 Results
			30.3.1 Causes of Food Waste
			30.3.2 Potential Design Solutions
			30.3.3 A Case-Study
		30.4 Discussion and Conclusion
			30.4.1 Discussion
		30.5 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 31: Environmental and Economical Design Problem of Upgrading and Remanufacturing Option Selection
		31.1 Introduction
		31.2 Method
			31.2.1 Procedure of this Study
			31.2.2 Notation and Assumption
			31.2.3 Formulation
		31.3 Design Example
			31.3.1 Input Data of each Component
			31.3.2 Results
		31.4 Summary
		References
Part VI: Energy System Design
	Chapter 32: Renewable Energy System in the Off-Grid Communities: The Systems´ Characteristics and Storage Technologies
		32.1 Introduction
			32.1.1 Challenges with the Existing Types of Energy Storage Technologies
			32.1.2 Research and Development on Sustainable Energy Storage Alternatives
				32.1.2.1 The Smart Grid and Connected Energy Storage
				32.1.2.2 EV-to-Grid and Smart Charging
		32.2 Methodology
			32.2.1 Shortlisting the Off-Grid Community Database
			32.2.2 Multiple Correspondence Analysis
		32.3 Results
			32.3.1 Descriptive Statistics of the Case Studies
			32.3.2 Multi Correspondence Analysis: Correlation Between the Systems´ Characteristics and their Choice of Storage Solutions
				32.3.2.1 Preparation of MCA
				32.3.2.2 MCA Results
		32.4 Discussions and Conclusions
			32.4.1 Storage Choices and Trends Found in the RE Based off-Grid Communities
			32.4.2 Indications from the Correlations Between the Systems´ Characteristics
			32.4.3 Towards more Sustainable Energy Storage for Off-Grid Renewable Energy System
			32.4.4 Venues for Further Studies
		References
	Chapter 33: Optimal Cooling Strategy for Energy Management Using Multi-Temperature Acquisition Points in a Protected Cropping ...
		33.1 Introduction
		33.2 Research Background
		33.3 Research Methodology
			33.3.1 Greenhouse Hardware and Software
			33.3.2 Research Design
			33.3.3 Experiment Configuration
				33.3.3.1 Research Compartment Parameters, Settings and Climate Strategy
			33.3.4 Data Collection and Analysis
				33.3.4.1 Analysis of Temperature and Energy During Period 1
				33.3.4.2 Analysis of Temperature and Energy During Period 2
				33.3.4.3 Analysis of Temperature and Energy During Period 3
				33.3.4.4 Analysis of Temperature and Energy During Period 4
		33.4 Discussion
		References
	Chapter 34: Wind Turbine Minimum Power Loss Optimization Using Non-linear Mathematical Programming
		34.1 Introduction
		34.2 System Modeling
			34.2.1 Wind Model
			34.2.2 PMSG Internal Losses Model
			34.2.3 Power Electronics Model
			34.2.4 Object Function
		34.3 Experimental Setup
		34.4 Data Setting
		34.5 Results and Discussions
		34.6 Conclusion
		References