Drugs, Identity and Stigma

Contents
Notes on Contributors
Stigma ‘Under the Skin’
	Introduction
	Navigating Stigma
	Criminalisation of Drug Use
	Effect of Stigma on Health and Social Capital
	Layout of the Collection
		Mechanisms of Stigma and Identity Formation
		Social Inequality, Health and Crime
		Normalisation, Negotiations, and Refusals
	Key Questions to Consider and Reflect on as You Read This Collection
	References
Intersectional Identities, Stigma and MDMA/Ecstasy Use
	Introduction
	Negotiating the Specificities of Stigmatised Drug Use
	Illegality, Stigma and Identity
	‘It’s Not Worth the Risk’: Stigmatising MDMA/Ecstasy Use and Shaming Users in Securitised Leisure Spaces/Times
		Vignette 1: ‘He Even Felt Between My Toes!’: Negotiating Leisure Boundaries as a Young Asian Man
		Vignette 2: ‘Get the Fucking Medics’: Dealing with Drug-Related Risks in the Face of Festival Securitisation
	Stigma, Subcultures and Commercial Dance Music Cultures
	Prosocial Pleasures and Processes of Stigmatisation
	Conclusion
	References
Guilt, Shame, and Getting Passed the Blame: Resisting Stigma Through the Good Mothering Ideal
	Introduction
	The Process of Stigma
	Stigma and Perinatal Substance Use
	Research Poetics as Method
	Poems on Maternal Identity
	Embracing the ‘Good Mother’ Ideal
	Struggling with the ‘Good Mother’ Ideal
	Transforming the ‘Good Mother’ Ideal
	Drug Use, Motherhood, and ‘The System’
	Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
Identity Construction and Stigma in Recovery
	Introduction
	Stigma and Identity Construction
	Research Design
	Self-Stigma: ‘We Are the Anti-Christ’
	Self-Discovery: ‘Find the Me’
	Self-Storying: ‘How Far I’ve Come’
	‘Doing’ Normal
	Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
What’s Your Poison? On the Identity Crises Faced by Healthcare Professionals Who (Ab)use Drugs and Alcohol
	Introduction
	Stretched, Strapped, and Stressed: The Healthcare System Under Pressure
	Broken, Bewildered, and Burnt-Out: Healthcare Professionals and Substance (Ab)use
	Dissonant, Dissenting, and Double-Voiced: Healthcare Professionals Who (Ab)use Drugs and Alcohol
	Conclusion
	References
Stigma and the Use of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids by Men in the United Kingdom
	Introduction
	Access to Primary Health Care and Treatment
	Engagement with Harm Reduction Services
	The Stigma of Psychoactive Drug Use
	Stigma from Within the AAS Population
	The Demonisation of People Who Use AAS
	The Perceived Stigmatising Effect of Research
	Stigma from the Public
	Conclusion
	References
Navigating Custodial Environments: Novel Psychoactive Substance Users Experiences of Stigma
	Introduction
	Theorising Stigma in the Context of NPS Use
	Methodology
	Findings
		Custody Staff Perceptions of NPS Users
		Pressure Cooker: Resentment from Staff
		Mechanisms of Stigmatisation: The Agentic, Rational Actor
		Vulnerability of NPS Users
		Segregation and Violence
		Tougher Measures
	Reflections
	Conclusion
	References
Stigma and Young People Whose Parents Use Substances
	Introduction
	Parental Substance Use
	Defining Stigma
	Stigma and Young People Whose Parents Use Substances
		Labelling and Stereotypes
		Awareness of Parental Substance Use: Not Feeling ‘Normal’
		Fear of Being Stigmatised and Experiencing Associative Stigma
		Intersectionality, Poverty, and Class
		Moving to a Position of Direct Stigmatisation
		Coping with Stigma
		Awareness of Harms Caused Through Stigma
	Conclusion
	References
Cultural Competence to Cultural Obsolescence: Drug Use, Stigma and Consumerism
	Introduction
	Cultural Obsolescence
	Cultural Competence
	Conclusion
	References
‘It’s What Happens Now When People Go for a Drink’: Normalising Non-dependent Recreational Cocaine Use Amongst Over-35s in the UK
	Introduction
	Background
		The Rise in Powder Cocaine Use
		Recreational Drug Use Amongst Older Adults
		Defining Stigma and Hierarchies of Drug Stigma
	Methods
	Findings
		‘Billy’
		‘Yvette and Andy’
		Titch
		‘Pauline’
	Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
Negotiating “Self-Stigma” and an “Addicted Identity” in Traditional 12-Step Self-Help Groups
	Introduction
	Public Stigma and Disease
	The Social World of Self-Help and Self-Stigmatisation Processes
	Variations of “The Addicted Identity” Found in Self-Help Groups
	Defenders of the Legacy
	Partial Appropriators
	Repudiators
	Discussion: Reproducing and Resisting Self-Stigma in Self-Help Groups
	Conclusions
	References
Final Reflections on Stigma and Implications for Research, Policy, and Practice
	In Whose Interests?
	References
Index