کلمات کلیدی مربوط به کتاب انحلال گچ از مشاهدات میدانی: معدن و صنایع زمین شناسی، زمین شناسی مهندسی و هیدروژئولوژی
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A. Klimchouk، F. Cucchi، J. M. Calaforra، S. Aksem، F.
Finocchiaro، P. Forti.
// بین المللی جی. اسپلئول. 25 (3-4), 1996. – P. 37-48/
اندازه گیری میدانی
میزان انحلال گچ
انحلال گچ در محیط های مختلف
بحث و نتیجه گیری اضافی
مطالعات نرخ برهنه شدن
انحلال در کارست های سنگ آهک نسبتاً متعدد است. اگرچه سابقه
نسبتاً طولانی چنین مطالعاتی وجود دارد، اما همچنان مشکلات روش
شناختی زیادی وجود دارد، همانطور که در بررسی ارائه شده توسط فورد
نشان داده شده است.
A. Klimchouk, F. Cucchi, J. M. Calaforra, S. Aksem, F.
Finocchiaro, P. Forti.
// Int. J. Speleol. 25 (3-4), 1996. – P. 37-48/
Field measurement of gypsum
dissolution rates
Dissolution of gypsum in different environments
Additional discussion and conclusions
Studies of dissolutional denudation
rates in limestone karsts are relatively numerous. Although
there is a relatively long history of such studies, there are
still many methodological problems involved, as is illustrated
by the review provided by Ford & Williams (1989). Such problems
are not specific to limestone karsts; they are also relevant in
the context of the estimation of gypsum dissolution rates, but
to an even greater extent because of the higher dynamics, and
hence the higher spatial and time-related irregularity, of
gypsum dissolution. Furthermore, examples of regional estimates
and field measurements of gypsum dissolution rates are
relatively scarce.
Calculation of dissolutional denudation rates on the basis of
solute load involves continuous monitoring of discharge and
concentration parameters, and determination of value limits for
the particular basin. All these characteristics are commonly
obtained using a variety of methodologies, experimental designs
and field installations, so that results from different regions
are barely compatible. Furthermore, dissolutional denudation
rate values derived from such studies give no, or few, data
relating to the spatial distribution of the process throughout
the 3-D karst system. The potentially great variety of
dissolution rates between different environments (conditions of
water-rock interaction) within a karst system cannot be
revealed by studies of this sort.
Regional estimates of dissolution denudation rate values from
solute load studies have been made for various gypsum karsts in
the former Soviet Union and elsewhere, but they cannot safely
be compared, due to differences of methodology and variable
data quality. More detailed discussion of them provides little
of relevance to the understanding of either the dissolution
process itself or the evolution of karst forms.
The usefulness of dissolution rate values derived on the basis
of weight or volume loss of samples, or by direct
micro-erosional measurements, is limited mainly because their
extrapolation through space is problematical. However, they do
provide information that is valuable to the interpretation of
dissolutional processes in particular environments, and in
relation to karst form evolution. Such studies are more
effective for gypsum than for limestone karsts because of the
much higher characteristic dissolution rates, which make the
errors involved in measurement relatively insignificant and
allow the dissolution dynamics to be monitored, even over
comparatively short timescales