Discrete Symmetries and CP Violation: From Experiment to Theory

Contents......Page 14
Preface......Page 8
Acknowledgements......Page 12
1.1 Symmetry and invariance......Page 18
1.2 Transformations and symmetries in quantum theory......Page 19
1.3 Symmetries and conservation laws......Page 23
1.4 Discrete transformations and inversions......Page 26
1.5 Symmetry violations......Page 29
2.1 Parity transformation......Page 32
2.2 Parity symmetry......Page 47
The determination of the neutral pion parity......Page 53
2.3 Parity violation......Page 59
Beta decay asymmetries from polarized nuclei......Page 64
Longitudinal polarization of beta decay electrons......Page 70
Beta decay asymmetries of free polarized neutrons......Page 74
Muon decay asymmetries......Page 76
Optical rotation of light......Page 87
Inelastic electron scattering......Page 91
Møller scattering......Page 92
Parity-violating gamma decay asymmetry......Page 97
Circular polarization of gamma decay radiation......Page 100
3.1 Charge conjugation transformation......Page 105
3.2 Charge conjugation symmetry......Page 115
3.3 Charge conjugation violation......Page 125
Charge conjugation tests in positronium decay......Page 128
η → π[sup(+)] π[sup(–)] π[sup(0)] asymmetries......Page 133
4.1 Time reversal transformation......Page 138
4.2 Of phase factors......Page 147
4.3 Time reversal symmetry......Page 153
4.4 Time reversal violation......Page 171
Muon transverse polarization in semi-leptonic K decays......Page 174
Transverse polarization in beta decay......Page 180
Beam searches for neutron EDM......Page 192
ILL storage EDM experiment......Page 196
The muon EDM......Page 202
5.1 CPT symmetry......Page 212
5.2 Experimental tests of CPT......Page 222
Penning trap measurements......Page 225
Positronium decay correlation tests......Page 232
5.3 Super-selection rules......Page 235
5.4 Spin and statistics......Page 238
Search for antisymmetric two-photon states......Page 244
6.1 CP symmetry: found and lost......Page 248
The discovery of CP violation......Page 257
The proof of CP violation......Page 262
6.2 Consequences of CP symmetry......Page 267
6.3 CP violation signatures......Page 277
Hyperon decay asymmetry measurements......Page 281
7.1 Flavoured neutral meson mixing......Page 293
7.2 Flavoured neutral meson decays......Page 309
7.3 Time evolution of flavour eigenstates......Page 317
7.4 Asymmetries......Page 326
7.5 Meson pairs......Page 330
8.1 Neutral kaons: generalities......Page 339
8.2 Semi-leptonic decays......Page 345
Semi-leptonic charge asymmetries......Page 349
8.3 Two-pion decays and direct CP violation......Page 351
Direct CP violation in neutral K decays......Page 368
8.4 Time reversal violation......Page 375
T violation in neutral K mixing......Page 376
8.5 CPT symmetry......Page 379
8.6 Three-pion decays......Page 387
8.7 Other decay modes......Page 392
8.8 Coherent kaon pairs......Page 394
8.9 C,P properties of CP violation......Page 397
9.1 Early concepts......Page 400
9.2 The Standard Model......Page 402
9.3 From theory to measurements......Page 416
9.4 From measurements to theory......Page 428
9.5 Other scenarios......Page 431
10.1 Flavour mixing......Page 436
10.2 D mesons......Page 438
10.3 B mesons phenomenology......Page 443
10.4 B meson experiments......Page 452
B-factory experiments......Page 457
Interference CP violation at B-factories......Page 460
11.1 Symmetries of gravity......Page 472
11.2 The strong CP problem......Page 476
11.3 The cosmic connection......Page 477
11.4 Mirror matter......Page 497
11.5 Macroscopic chirality......Page 498
Coda......Page 500
Appendix A: Notation......Page 502
B.1 Scalar fields......Page 504
B.2 Fields with spin......Page 507
B.3 Interactions......Page 510
C.1 Scattering......Page 512
C.2 Approximations......Page 517
Appendix D: The Dalitz–Fabri plot......Page 520
E.1 Polarization......Page 523
E.2 Covariant polarization......Page 525
E.3 Time evolution......Page 528
E.4 Massless particles......Page 529
F.1 Of errors, mistakes and experiments......Page 531
F.2 Treatment of systematic errors......Page 533
F.3 Of errors and cross checks......Page 539
Bibliography......Page 543
List of Experiments......Page 562
C......Page 564
M......Page 565
T......Page 566
Y......Page 567