Discourse Markers in Native and Non-native English Discourse

Discourse Markers in Native and Non-native English Discourse......Page 2
Editorial page......Page 3
Title page......Page 4
LCC data......Page 5
Table of contents......Page 6
Acknowledgements......Page 10
List of tables......Page 12
List of figures......Page 14
Abbreviations......Page 18
1.1. Discourse markers and second language acquisition......Page 20
1.2. Discourse markers in the literature......Page 21
1.2.1. Terminology......Page 22
1.2.2. Properties of discourse markers......Page 23
1.2.3. Functions of discourse markers......Page 27
1.2.4. Material for analysis......Page 28
1.2.5. Core meaning vs. multiple functions......Page 31
1.2.6. Native vs. non-native English......Page 32
1.3.1. Second versus foreign language......Page 35
1.3.3. Communicative competence......Page 36
1.3.5. Speech acts and parallel corpora......Page 38
1.3.6. Gambits......Page 40
1.4. The present study......Page 42
1.4.1. Basic assumption of the present study: Multifunctionality......Page 44
1.4.3. Selection and definition of discourse markers......Page 45
1.4.4. Methodology......Page 46
1.4.5. Discourse marker functions and levels of discourse......Page 48
1.5.1. Purpose of the corpus......Page 50
1.5.2. Experiment design......Page 53
1.5.3. Transcription and intonation unit......Page 55
1.6. The data......Page 57
1.7.1. Non-linguistic factors......Page 59
1.7.2. Linguistic factors......Page 65
1.8.2. Gender distribution......Page 70
1.8.4. Relationship between speakers......Page 73
1.8.6. The German speakers according to their acquisition and use of English......Page 74
2.1. Functions of so in the literature......Page 80
2.2. The functional categories of so in this study......Page 86
2.2.1. Non-discourse marker functions of so......Page 87
2.2.2. Discourse marker functions of so......Page 90
2.3. Quantitative results for so......Page 108
2.3.1. Non-linguistic factors......Page 110
2.3.2. Linguistic factors......Page 113
2.3.3. Summary of the quantitative results for so......Page 116
3.1. Functions of well in the literature......Page 120
3.2. The functional categories of well in this study......Page 125
3.2.2. Discourse marker functions of well......Page 127
3.2.3. Summary of the functions of well......Page 155
3.3. Quantitative results for well......Page 156
3.3.1. Non-linguistic factors......Page 158
3.3.2. Linguistic factors......Page 162
3.3.3. Summary of the quantitative results for well......Page 165
4.1. Functions of you know in the literature......Page 166
4.2.1. Non-discourse marker function of you know......Page 176
4.2.2. Discourse marker functions of you know......Page 177
4.2.3. Summary of the discourse marker functions of you know......Page 207
4.3. Quantitative results for you know......Page 208
4.3.1. Non-linguistic factors......Page 210
4.3.2. Linguistic factors......Page 212
4.3.3. Summary of the quantitative results for you know......Page 214
5. Like......Page 216
5.1. Functions of like in the literature......Page 217
5.2.1. Non-discourse marker, non-quotative like......Page 223
5.2.2. Discourse marker functions of like......Page 227
5.2.3. Like - a textual discourse marker......Page 244
5.2.4. Quotative like......Page 245
5.2.5. Unclassified instances......Page 246
5.3. Quantitative results for like......Page 247
5.3.1. Non-linguistic factors......Page 249
5.3.2. Linguistic factors......Page 253
5.3.3. Summary of the quantitative results for like......Page 257
6. Conclusion......Page 260
Notes......Page 272
References......Page 274
Appendix 1. Summary of the movie......Page 290
Appendix 2.1. Questionnaire used in Long Beach......Page 296
Appendix 2.2. Questionnaire used in Giessen......Page 298
Appendix 3. Transcription symbols......Page 300
Author index......Page 302
Subject index......Page 306
The Pragmatics & Beyond New Series......Page 310