Disadvantaged Minorities in Business (Contributions to Management Science)

Contents\nIntroduction to this Book\n	1 Minorities in the Business Arena\n	2 Diversity within Minority Entrepreneurship\n	3 Barriers to Entrepreneurial Activities of Minorities\n	4 Towards the Future\n	References\nJob Loss in the Pandemic Disruption in Egypt: A Push to Start a Business?\n	1 Introduction\n	2 Disadvantaged COVID-19 Entrepreneurs: The Egyptian Context\n	3 Theoretical Background\n		3.1 Entrepreneurial Mindset and Entrepreneurial Intention\n			3.1.1 Self-Efficacy and Entrepreneurial Intention\n			3.1.2 Opportunity Perception and Entrepreneurial Intention\n		3.2 Social Capital and Entrepreneurial Intention\n	4 Research Design\n		4.1 Sampling\n		4.2 Measurements\n			4.2.1 Occupation\n			4.2.2 Entrepreneurial Intention\n			4.2.3 Entrepreneurial Mindset\n			4.2.4 Social Capital\n			4.2.5 Control Variables\n	5 Results\n		5.1 Descriptive Statistics\n		5.2 The Entrepreneurial Mindset of People Who Lost their Business or Job\n		5.3 Social Capital of People Who Lost Business or Job\n		5.4 People´s Intention to Start a Business\n	6 Discussion\n	7 Conclusion\n	References\nDisadvantaged Migrant Entrepreneurs and Their Selection of Location: Entrepreneurial Settlement and Making a ``Home´´ Abroad\n	1 Introduction\n	2 Theoretical Framework and Extant Research Literature\n		2.1 Disadvantaged Characteristics of Migrants\n		2.2 Immigrant and Migrant Entrepreneurship-in a Post-Migration Context\n	3 Research Approach and Methodology\n		3.1 The Data Collection\n		3.2 The Data Analysis\n	4 Analysis-Five cases in Klagenfurt, Austria\n		4.1 Assessing Pathways Towards Entrepreneurial Settlement and Choice of Location\n	5 Findings and Discussions\n	6 Conclusions\n	References\nImmigrant Entrepreneurship and Dynamics of Being (Dis)Advantaged: An Exploratory Multi-Case Study of Eastern European Origin I...\n	1 Introduction\n	2 Literature Review\n	3 Study Context, Research Design, and Methodology\n		3.1 Sampling and Data Collection\n		3.2 Interview Protocol\n		3.3 Data Analysis\n	4 Findings\n		4.1 Overviews of Research Participants\n		4.2 Thematic Findings\n			4.2.1 Entrepreneurial Benefits of Operating in Denmark\n			4.2.2 Dynamics of Being in the (Dis)Advantaged Position\n			4.2.3 Discrimination in the Form of Labor Market Disadvantage or Prejudice\n			4.2.4 Role of Local (Danish) Language\n			4.2.5 Cultural Differences\n			4.2.6 Importance of Social Networks\n			4.2.7 Location and Perception of Being Disadvantaged\n	5 Discussion and Implications\n	References\nExploring the Entrepreneurial Challenges of Disabled Entrepreneurs in a Developing Country\n	1 Introduction\n	2 Literature Review\n		2.1 Social Entrepreneurship\n		2.2 Entrepreneurship of the Disabled\n		2.3 People with Physical-Motor Disability\n		2.4 Startups for the Disabled\n		2.5 Challenges of Entrepreneurship for Disabled\n			2.5.1 Institutional Barriers\n			2.5.2 Environmental Constraints\n			2.5.3 Development Constraints\n			2.5.4 Attitudinal Social Constraints\n			2.5.5 Limitations of Personal Circumstances\n	3 Methods\n	4 Cases: Entrepreneurs with Disabilities in Iran\n		4.1 Case 1: Vahid Rajabloo\n		4.2 Case 2: Seyed Mohammad Mehdi Mousavi\n		4.3 Case 3: Zahra Khanof\n		4.4 Case 4: Alireza Mohammad Beiginia\n		4.5 Case 5: Hamid Reza Mohtaram\n	5 Findings\n	6 Conclusion\n	7 Directions for Future Research\n	References\nRefugee Entrepreneurship in Germany: An Institutional Voids Perspective\n	1 Introduction\n	2 Conceptual Background\n		2.1 Refugee Entrepreneurship in Developed Economies\n		2.2 Institutional Voids in the Context of Refugee Entrepreneurship\n	3 Method\n	4 Results\n	5 Discussion\n		5.1 Refugee Entrepreneurship in Germany: Decoding the Background Story\n		5.2 An Institutional Voids Perspective on Refugee Entrepreneurship in Germany\n	6 Conclusion\n	References\nA Disadvantage to an Advantage? Immigrant Entrepreneurs´ Use of Effectuation in Business Start-Up and Development in the Kingd...\n	1 Introduction\n	2 Literature Review\n		2.1 Immigrant Entrepreneurs\n		2.2 Cumulative Advantage/Disadvantage (CAD) Theory\n		2.3 Effectuation\n	3 Immigrants in KSA and the Business Context\n	4 Method\n	5 Findings\n		5.1 Arrival to KSA\n		5.2 Comparative Disadvantage or Advantage of Immigrants in KSA\n		5.3 Business Idea and Start-up and Development\n			5.3.1 Use of Means-driven Approaches\n			5.3.2 Use of Affordable Loss\n			5.3.3 Having Pre-agreements\n			5.3.4 Converting Challenges into Opportunities\n			5.3.5 Control\n		5.4 Cumulative Resources or Means Position\n	6 Discussion\n		6.1 Contributions and Practical Implications\n		6.2 Limitations\n	7 Conclusions\n	References\nFrom Retirement to Entrepreneurship Through Skills, Attitude, and Technological Innovation\n	1 Introduction\n	2 Previous Work\n		2.1 Skills and Attitude for Senior Entrepreneurship\n		2.2 Entrepreneurship Through Technological Innovation\n	3 Research Gap\n	4 Objectives of the Study\n	5 Hypothesis\n	6 Methodology for the Study\n		6.1 Sample and Design\n		6.2 Measures\n	7 Data analysis and Discussion\n		7.1 Reliability Assessment\n		7.2 Impact on Entrepreneurial Intentions\n	8 Discussion\n	9 Conclusion\n		9.1 Recommendations\n		9.2 Future Research\n	References\nWomen and Wealth Creation: Investigating Financial Self-Efficacy Differences Versus Men as a Barrier\n	1 Introduction\n	2 Methodology\n	3 Socio-Cultural Barriers that Inhibit Women´s `Agency´\n	4 Inequality in Human Capital Development\n	5 Financial Efficacy and Female Entrepreneurship\n	6 Conclusion & Recommendations\n	References\n``Home Away From Home´´: Displaced Migrant Entrepreneurship in Times of Covid-19\n	1 Introduction\n	2 Conceptual Background\n		2.1 Entrepreneurship in Times of Covid-19\n		2.2 Displaced Migrant Entrepreneurs in Times of Covid-19\n	3 Methodology\n		3.1 Research Design\n		3.2 Data Collection and Descriptive Overview\n		3.3 Data Analysis\n	4 Research Setting: Tibetan Displaced Migrant Entrepreneurs in India and Nepal\n	5 Research Findings\n	6 Disconnectedness from Their Homeland\n	7 Rootlessness in the Host Country\n	8 Reassessing the Resource at Hand\n	9 Discussion\n	10 Conclusion\n		10.1 Limitation\n		10.2 Policy Recommendation and Future Studies\n	Appendix\n	References\nIntersectionality and Minority Entrepreneurship: At the Crossroad of Vulnerability and Power\n	1 Introduction\n	2 Intersectionality in Minority Entrepreneurship\n	3 Vulnerability and Power of Intersectional Entrepreneurial Identities\n	4 Concluding Remarks\n	References