Diplomatic and Mediated Arguments in the North Korean Crisis: Engaging the Hermit Kingdom (Palgrave Macmillan Series in Global Public Diplomacy)

Acknowledgments
Contents
Notes on Contributors
List of Figures
List of Tables
1 Introduction
	Purpose of This Book
	The History of the Korean Controversy
	Media Diplomacy
	Preview of the Following Chapters
	References
2 Media Coverage of the North Korea Nuclear Controversy in the United States
	Media Diplomacy
	Research Objectives
	The Hermit Kingdom
	Kim Jong-un
	Donald Trump
	References
3 North Korean Media Diplomacy: From Rocket Man to the Red Carpet
	Backdrop
	The New Diplomacy
	Threats and Risk
	Narratives of the Future
	The Research Case
	This Project
		Research Questions
	Methodology
	Results and Discussion
		“Reply-to” Analysis
		Content Analysis of Risks and Threats
		Reading the Tags
	Conclusion
		The Mediatization of Diplomacy
	References
4 Frame-Changing in the South Korean Legacy Media Coverage of the North Korean Nuclear Controversy
	Frame-Changing and the South Korea’s News Media Landscape
	Media Coverage of Hostility and the U.S. Leadership Change in 2016
		The Fifth Nuclear Test and Hostile Moments
		The Trump Administration and Increased Uncertainty
	The New South Korean Leadership and Ongoing Tensions in 2017
		South Korea’s New Leadership and the Moonshine Policy
		The Sixth Nuclear Test
	Media Coverage During a Peaceful Turn
		The Inter-Korean Summit Talk
		The Summit Talk Between Kim and Trump
	Conclusion
	References
5 Legacy Media Coverage of North Korea’s Nuclear Threats in Japan
	Japanese Media Construction of North Korea as the Other
	Theory of International Relations: Offensive Realism
	Images and Representations of North Korea in the Japanese Daily Newspapers
	The First Nuclear Stand-off: North Korea’s Threat to Leave the NPT in 1993
	The Second Nuclear Stand-off: North Korea’s Withdrawal from the NPT in 2003
		The Shift of International and National Politics
		The Historic Japan–DPRK Summit on September 17, 2002
		Abduction Narratives in the Japanese News Coverage
		Vicarious Tragedies and Traumas
		In the Aftermath of Koizumi’s First Visit to Pyongyang
	The Winter Olympics in PyeongChang in 2018: Smile Diplomacy or Charm Offensive
	Consequences and Implications
	Conclusions
		Open Future
	References
6 Social Media Conversations About the North Korea Crisis in Japan
	Methodological Considerations Regarding Japanese SNS
	Arguments in Japanese SNS on the North Korean Crisis
	Media Narratives After the Summits Between Kim and Trump
	Conclusions
	References
7 One North Korea, Many Voices: Liquid Journalistic Practice in the Era of New Technology in China
	North Korea in the Information Dark
	Liquid Journalistic Practices: Chinese Social Media Discussions of North Korea
	Politicized Weibo, the Alternative Zhihu, and Daily Kwai and TikTok
	Discussion: Liquid Journalistic Practices and Subaltern Counter Publics
	Funding
	References
8 The Velvet Glove That Cloaks the Fist of Power: The Role of U.S. Military Communication in Addressing the North Korea Threat
	Introduction
	Instruments of National Power—Strategic Intent and the Synchronization of Military Communication
	Military Activities for Strategic Messaging
	Signaling Power to Impact Adversary Awareness and Understanding
	Actual Movement of Forces: Purpose to Impact Attitude and Behavior
	Use of Force to Impact Behavior
	Varying the Size of the Fist
	How Military Communication Efforts Shape Perceptions
	Deterring North Korea’s Nuclear Program
	Risks Associated with Military Communications
	How Military Communications Shape the North Korean Regional Security Environment
	Conclusions
	References
9 Rocket Man and the Rocket Nation: Visual Portrayals of North Korea
	Visual Framing and Argumentation
		Seeing as Believing
	North Korea in the American Media
		Selecting Images
		Visual Portrayals of North Korea
		Good and Light, Dark and Bad
		Cartoon Kim
	Discussion
	Limitations and Conclusion
	References
10 The Failed Negotiations: What We Learned
	The Negotiations Come to an Unhappy End
	Assessing the Winners and Losers
	Lessons for the Future
	References