Dimensions of Human Behavior: Person and Environment

Dimensions of Human Behavior
Dimensions of Human Behavior
Dimensions of Human Behavior
Brief Contents
Detailed Contents
Case Studies
Preface
	About This Book
	Council on Social Work Education Nine Core Competencies
	Breadth and Depth
	General Knowledge and Unique Situations
	New in This Edition
	A Word About Diversity Language
	One Last Word
Acknowledgments
About the Editors
About the Contributors
About the Case Study Contributors
Part I A Multidimensional Approach for Multifaceted Social Work
1 Human Behavior: A Multidimensional Approach
	Learning Objectives
	A Case Study About Person and Environment
		Case Study 1.1: Joshua, Making a New Life
	Human Behavior: Individual and Collective
		Organization of Book
	A Multidimensional Approach
		Critical Thinking Questions 1.1
			Personal Dimensions
			Environmental Dimensions
			Time Dimensions
				Critical Thinking Questions 1.2
	Advancing Human Rights and Social, Racial, Economic, and Environmental Justice: A Global Perspective
		Human Rights and Social, Racial, Economic, and Environmental Justice
		Anti-oppressive and Anti-racist Practice
		Diversity
			Critical Thinking Questions 1.3
		Equity and Social Inclusion
	Knowing and Doing
		Knowledge About the Case
		Knowledge About the Self
		Values and Ethics
			Critical Thinking Questions 1.4
	Scientific Knowledge: Theory and Research
		Theory
		Empirical Research
		Critical Use of Theory and Research
			Critical Thinking Questions 1.5
	Implications for Social Work Practice
	Chapter Review
	Key Terms
	Active Learning
Descriptions of Images and Figures
2 Theoretical Perspectives on Human Behavior
	Learning Objectives
	A Case Study About Human Behavior Theory
		Case Study 2.1: COVID-19 in the Family
	Multiple Theoretical Perspectives for a Multidimensional Approach
		Systems Perspective
			Critical Analysis of the Systems Perspective
				Critical Thinking Questions 2.1
		Critical Perspective
			Critical Analysis of the Critical Perspective
		Social Constructionist Perspective
			Critical Analysis of the Social Constructionist Perspective
				Critical Thinking Questions 2.2
		Psychodynamic Perspective
			Critical Analysis of the Psychodynamic Perspective
		Developmental Perspective
			Critical Analysis of the Developmental Perspective
				Critical Thinking Questions 2.3
		Learning Perspective
			Critical Analysis of the Learning Perspective
		Humanistic-Existential Perspective
			Critical Analysis of the Humanistic-Existential Perspective
				Critical Thinking Questions 2.4
	The Merits of Multiple Perspectives
		Critical Thinking Questions 2.5
	Implications for Social Work Practice
	Chapter Review
	Key Terms
	Active Learning
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Part II The Multiple Dimensions of Person
3 The Biological Person
	Learning Objectives
	Six Case Studies of the Biological Person
		Case Study 3.1: Cheryl’s Legs and Head
		Case Study 3.2: A Diabetes Diagnosis for Jenna
		Case Study 3.3: Shay and Terry
		Case Study 3.4: HIV: Thomas’s Hero
		Case Study 3.5: Louise and Huntington’s and Stewart’s Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease
		Case Study 3.6: Juan and Belinda’s Sexual Life in Retirement
	An Integrative Approach for Understanding the Intersection of Interior (Proximal) Biological Health and Illness and Exterior (Distal) Environmental Factors
		Critical Thinking Questions 3.1
	Systems Taxonomy: Six Interior (Proximal) Environment Systems
		Nervous System
		Endocrine System
			Critical Thinking Questions 3.2
		Immune System
		Cardiovascular System
			Critical Thinking Questions 3.3
		Musculoskeletal System
		Reproductive System
			Critical Thinking Questions 3.4
	Interactions of Exterior (Distal) Environments and Interior (Proximal) Health Environment
		Critical Thinking Questions 3.5
	Implications for Social Work Practice
	Chapter Review
	Key Terms
	Active Learning
Descriptions of Images and Figures
4 The Psychological Person: Cognition, Emotion, Personality, and Self
	Learning Objectives
	Two Case Studies of Cognition, Emotion, Personality, and Self
		Case Study 4.1: Janna Smith, Unemployed and Worried
		Case Study 4.2: Charles Miller, Making a New Start
	Cognition, Emotion, Personality, and Self: An Introduction
		Critical Thinking Questions 4.1
	Theories of Cognition
		Piaget’s (Stage) Theory of Cognitive Development
		Information Processing Framework
		Bandura’s Social Learning/Social Cognitive Theory
		Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences
			Critical Thinking Questions 4.2
		Salovey and Mayer’s Theory of Emotional Intelligence
		Theories of Moral Development and Reasoning
	Theories of Emotion
		Noncognitive Physiological Theories of Emotion
			James and Lange Theories of Emotion
			Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion
			Izard’s Differential Emotions Theory (DET)
			Davidson’s Theory of Six Emotional Dimensions
		Cognitive Theories of Emotion
			The Schachter-Singer Two-Factor Theory of Emotion
			Lazarus’s Cognitive Appraisal Theory of Emotion
			Weiner’s Attribution Framework of the Emotional Process
			LeDoux and Brown’s Higher-Order Theory of Emotional Consciousness
			Connection of Positive Emotions and Affect With Happiness and Well-Being
				Critical Thinking Questions 4.3
	Theories of Personality
		Trait Perspectives of Personality
		Cognitive-Affective Theories of Personality
		Pancha Kosha Theory of Personality: An Eastern-Based Theory
		Biological Influences on Personality and Mental Illness
	Theories of the Self
		Critical Thinking Questions 4.4
	Cognitions, Emotions, Personality, Self, and Evidence-Supported Interventions (ESIs)
		Shapiro’s Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR)
		Beck’s Cognitive-Behavior Therapy (CBT)
		Linehan’s Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT)
			Critical Thinking Questions 4.5
	Implications for Social Work Practice
	Chapter Review
	Key Terms
	Active Learning
Descriptions of Images and Figures
5 The Psychosocial Person: Relationships, Stress, and Coping
	Learning Objectives
	A Case Study About the Psychosocial Person
		Case Study 5.1: Dan’s Dilemma
	The Self in Relationships and Relationships in the Self
		Relational and Intersubjective Theories
		Attachment Theory
			Impact of Early Nurturing on Development
				Critical Thinking Questions 5.1
		Feminist Theories of Relationships
		Social Identity Theory
			Critical Thinking Questions 5.2
	The Concept of Stress
		Categories of Stress
		Stress and Crisis
		Traumatic Stress
			Critical Thinking Questions 5.3
	Coping Processes
		Biological Coping Processes
		Psychological Coping Processes
		Social Coping Processes
			The Nature of Social Support
			Virtual Support
			How Social Support Aids in Coping
			How Social Workers Evaluate Social Support
		Spiritual or Religious Coping Processes
			Critical Thinking Questions 5.4
		Coping and Traumatic Stress
	Perspectives on Coping
		Medical (Psychiatric) Perspective
		Psychological Perspective
		Sociological Perspective
		Anthropological Perspective
		Public Health Perspective
		Social Work Perspective
			Critical Thinking Questions 5.5
	Implications for Social Work Practice
	Chapter Review
	Key Terms
	Active Learning
Descriptions of Images and Figures
6 The Spiritual Person
	Learning Objectives
	Eight Case Studies of Spirituality and Religion
		Case Study 6.1: Caroline’s Challenging Questions
		Case Study 6.2: Naomi’s Health Crisis
		Case Study 6.3: Matthew’s Faith Journey
		Case Study 6.4: Trudy’s Search for the Sacred
		Case Study 6.5: Leon’s Two Worlds
		Case Study 6.6: Jean-Joseph’s Serving the Spirits
		Case Study 6.7: Amira’s Quest for Self
		Case Study 6.8: Beth’s Framework for Living
	The Spiritual Dimension
		The Meaning of Spirituality
		Spirituality in the United States and Globally
			Critical Thinking Questions 6.1
	Theories of Spiritual Development
		Fowler’s Stages of Faith Development
		Transpersonal Theories
			Critical Thinking Questions 6.2
	The Role of Spirituality in Social Work
		Developments in the Profession
		Spirituality and Human Diversity
			Race and Ethnicity
				American Indian/Alaskan Native (AI/AN) and Native Americans.
				Black and African Americans.
				Latinx Americans.
				Asian Americans and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islanders (AANHPI).
				Other Groups.
			Sex and Gender
			Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity
			Disability
			Age
				Critical Thinking Questions 6.4
		Spiritually Sensitive Social Work Practice
		Assessment
			Micro, Mezzo, and Macro Social Work Practice
				Critical Thinking Questions 6.5
	Implications for Social Work Practice
	Chapter Review
	Key Terms
	Active Learning
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Part III The Multiple Dimensions of Environment
7 The Physical Environment
	Learning Objectives
	Two Case Studies of Human Behavior and the Physical Environment
		Case Study 7.1: Ben Watson’s Experience With Accessible and Inaccessible Environments
		Case Study 7.2: Shanthi’s Need for Healthy Affordable Housing in Chennai, India
	Theories of Human Behavior and the Physical Environment
		Theories of Place
		Theories of Spatial Behavior
		Behavior Settings Theories
			Critical Thinking Questions 7.1
	The Natural Environment
		Positive and Negative Effects of Human Interaction with the Natural Environment
		Natural Disasters and Human Behavior
			Critical Thinking Questions 7.2
	The Built Environment
		Housing
			Houselessness
			Race-Based Housing Segregation and Racial Health Disparities
		Technology
			Critical Thinking Questions 7.3
		Healing Environments
		Inclusion, Diversity, Equity, and Accessibility in Built Environments
			Critical Thinking Questions 7.4
	Ecological Justice, Sustainability, and Environmental Justice: A Social-Racial-Economic-Ecological Justice Perspective
		Critical Thinking Questions 7.5
	Implications for Social Work Practice
	Chapter Review
	Key Terms
	Active Learning
Descriptions of Images and Figures
8 Cultures
	Learning Objectives
	A Case Study About Cultures
		Case Study 8.1: Rubina, Living Across Cultures
	What Is Culture?
	Theories of Culture
		Materialist Perspective
		Mentalist Perspective
		Other Theoretical Perspectives
			Critical Thinking Questions 8.1
	Major Concepts in the Study of Culture
		Values
		Beliefs
		Symbols
		Language
		Norms
		Subcultures and Countercultures
		Ideal Culture Versus Real Culture
		Ethnocentrism and Cultural Relativism
			Critical Thinking Questions 8.2
	Culture and Power
		Race
		Ethnicity
			Critical Thinking Questions 8.3
		Gender
		Sexuality
		Social Class
		Disability
			Critical Thinking Questions 8.4
	Genes, Culture, and Cultural Change
		Coevolution of Genes, Culture, and Behavior
		Cultural Change
			Critical Thinking Questions 8.5
	Implications for Social Work Practice
	Chapter Review
	Key Terms
	Active Learning
Descriptions of Images and Figures
9 Social Structure and Social Institutions: Global and National
	Learning Objectives
	A Case Study About Social Structure and Social Institutions
		Case Study 9.1: Osvaldo Jimenez, Finding His Way as an Undocumented Student in the United States
	Patterns of Social Life
	Patterns of Inequality in Social Life
	Contemporary Trends in Global and U.S. Social Institutions
		Critical Thinking Questions 9.1
			Trends in the Government and Political Institution
			Trends in the Economic Institution
				Critical Thinking Questions 9.2
			Trends in the Educational Institution
			Trends in the Health Institution
			Trends in the Mass Media Institution
				Critical Thinking Questions 9.3
			Trends in the Social Welfare Institution
			Trends in the Religious Institution
			Trends in the Family and Kinship Institution
				Critical Thinking Questions 9.4
	Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Social Institutions
		Critical Thinking Questions 9.5
	Implications for Social Work Practice
	Chapter Review
	Key Terms
	Active Learning
Descriptions of Images and Figures
10 Families
	Learning Objectives
	A Case Study About Family
		Case Study 10.1: The Sharpe Family Adapts
	What Is a Family?
		Critical Thinking Questions 10.1
	Theoretical Perspectives for Understanding Families
		Family Systems Perspective
		Exchange and Choice Perspective on Families
		Symbolic Interaction Perspective on Families
		Intersectionality Perspective on Families
		Life Course Perspective on Families
		Family Stress Perspective
			Critical Thinking Questions 10.2
	Diversity in Family Formation and Structure
		Family Formation
		Multigenerational and Nuclear Family Households
		Single-Parent Families
		Childless Couples
		Repartnered Families
		Adoptive and Foster Families
			Critical Thinking Questions 10.3
	Challenges to Family Life
		Economic Hardship
		Racialized Bias and Discrimination
		Anti-LGBTQ+ Bias and Discrimination
		Migration
			Critical Thinking Questions 10.4
		Domestic and Family Violence
		Divorce and Cohabitation Dissolution
		Problematic Substance Use
			Critical Thinking Questions 10.5
	Implications for Social Work Practice
	Chapter Review
	Key Terms
	Active Learning
Descriptions of Images and Figures
11 Small Groups
	Learning Objectives
	A Case Study About Small Groups
		Case Study 11.1: The Sexuality and Gender Group at a Women’s Residential Substance Abuse Treatment Facility
	Small Groups in Social Work
		Therapy Groups
		Mutual Aid Groups
		Psychoeducational Groups
		Self-Help Groups
		Task Groups
			Critical Thinking Questions 11.1
		Technology-Facilitated Groups
	Dimensions of Group Structure
	Group Composition
		Heterogeneity Versus Homogeneity
		Social Justice Issues in Social Work Groups
			Critical Thinking Questions 11.2
	Basic Group Processes
		Theories of Group Processes
			Psychodynamic Theory
			Symbolic Interaction Theory
			Status Characteristics and Expectation States Theories
			Exchange Theory
			Self-Categorization Theory
				Critical Thinking Questions 11.3
		Group Development
			Stage Theories and Models
			Process Models
		Group Dynamics
			Formal and Informal Leadership
			Formal and Informal Roles
			Communication Networks
			Group Cohesiveness
				Critical Thinking Questions 11.4
	Interdisciplinary Teams and Leadership
		Interdisciplinary Teams and Social Work
		Social Work Leadership
			Critical Thinking Questions 11.5
	Implications for Social Work Practice
	Chapter Review
	Key Terms
	Active Learning
Descriptions of Images and Figures
12 Organizations
	Learning Objectives
	A Case Study About Organizations
		Case Study 12.1: Changing Leadership, Changing Times at Beacon Center
	Organizations: An Introduction
		Ubiquitous Across the Human Life Course
		Formal and Informal Features of Organizations
			Critical Thinking Questions 12.1
	Theoretical Perspectives on Organizations
		Demographic Perspective
		Table 12.1 The Demographic Perspective on Organizations
			Theories of Internal Organizational Demography
			Organizational Ecology: A Macro Demographic Theory
				Critical Thinking Questions 12.2
		Relational Perspective
		Table 12.2 The Relational Perspective on Organizations
			Resource Dependence Theory
			Social Capital Theory
			Social Network Theory
				Critical Thinking Questions 12.3
		Cultural Perspective
		Table 12.3 The Cultural Perspective on Organizations
			National Culture Approach
			Institutional Approach
			Diversity and Inclusion Approach
			Organizational Culture Interacting With Organizational Learning Approaches
				Critical Thinking Questions 12.4
	Impact of Organizations on Society
		Burnout: A Negative Organizational Outcome
	Human Service Organizations
		Leadership in Human Service Organizations
			Critical Thinking Questions 12.5
	Implications for Social Work Practice
	Chapter Review
	Key Terms
	Active Learning
Descriptions of Images and Figures
13 Communities
	Learning Objectives
	Three Case Studies of Community
		Case Study 13.1: Creating Community on Wood Street, Oakland, California
		Case Study 13.2: A Rural West Virginia Community Struggling to Recover
		Case Study 13.3: The Korean Parents’ Network for People with Disabilities (KPNPD)
	Communities: An Introduction
		What Is Community?
		Geographical and Relational Communities
			Critical Thinking Questions 13.1
	Theoretical Approaches to Community
		Ecological Approach
		Relational Approach
			Social Capital and Social Network Theories
			Sense of Community Theory
				Critical Thinking Questions 13.2
		Cultural Approach
		Critical Approach
			Critical Thinking Questions 13.3
	Social Work and Communities
		Critical Thinking Questions 13.4
	Issues and Themes in Community Practice
		Critical Thinking Questions 13.5
	Implications for Social Work Practice
	Chapter Review
	Key Terms
	Active Learning
Descriptions of Images and Figures
14 Social Movements
	Learning Objectives
	A Case Study About a Social Movement
		Case Study 14.1: Fighting for Our Water, Land, and Air
	Social Movements: An Introduction
		Movements on the Left and Right
		Movement–Countermovement Interactions
			Critical Thinking Questions 14.1
	Theoretical Perspectives on Social Movements
		Mobilizing Structures Perspective
			Informal and Formal Structures
			Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
		Cultural Framing Perspective
			Diagnostic Framing
			Prognostic Framing
			Motivational Framing
				Critical Thinking Questions 14.2
		Political Process Perspective
			Political Opportunities
			Political Threats
		Emerging Perspectives
			The Role of Emotions in Social Movement Mobilization
			The Intersectionality Approach
				Critical Thinking Questions 14.3
	Social Movement Trajectories and Outcomes
		Social Movement Trajectories
		Social Movement Outcomes
			Critical Thinking Questions 14.4
	Social Work and Social Movements
		Critical Thinking Questions 14.5
	Implications for Social Work Practice
	Chapter Review
	Key Terms
	Active Learning
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Glossary
References
	Chapter 1
	Chapter 2
	Chapter 3
	Chapter 4
	Chapter 5
	Chapter 6
	Chapter 7
	Chapter 8
	Chapter 9
	Chapter 10
	Chapter 11
	Chapter 12
	Chapter 13
	Chapter 14
Index