Digital Signal Processing 101: Everything you need to know to get started

Cover Page\r......Page 1
Digital Signal Processing: Everything you need to know to get started......Page 2
Copyright......Page 3
Introduction......Page 4
Acknowledgments......Page 6
Contents\r......Page 7
Numerical Representation......Page 8
Integer Fixed-Point Representation......Page 9
Fractional Fixed-Point Representation......Page 11
Floating-Point Representation......Page 14
Complex Numbers and Exponentials......Page 16
IIR and FIR Filter Characteristic Comparison......Page 78
Complex Multiplication......Page 17
Complex Multiplication Using Polar Representation......Page 19
Complex Conjugate......Page 22
The Complex Exponential......Page 23
Measuring Angles in Radians......Page 25
Sampling, Aliasing, and Quantization......Page 27
Decimation......Page 67
Quantization......Page 33
Frequency Response and the Complex Exponential......Page 37
Data I/O Bandwidth......Page 39
Sweeping across the Frequency Response......Page 40
Third DFT Example......Page 105
Linear Phase Response......Page 43
Normalized Frequency Response Plots......Page 44
FIR Filter Construction......Page 46
Tapering of Coefficients......Page 63
Resampling by Non-Integer Value......Page 54
Effect of Number of Taps on Filter Response......Page 57
Truncation of Coefficients......Page 62
Example Coefficient Windows......Page 64
Interpolation......Page 71
Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) Filters......Page 77
Bilinear Transform......Page 80
Frequency Prewarping......Page 82
Modulation Constellations......Page 85
Modulated Signal Bandwidth......Page 88
Orthogonality of Periodic Signals......Page 173
Raised Cosine Filter......Page 92
Discrete and Fast Fourier Transforms (DFT, FFT)......Page 100
DFT and IDFT Equations......Page 101
First DFT Example......Page 103
Second DFT Example......Page 104
Fourth DFT Example......Page 106
Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)......Page 109
Filtering Using the FFT and IFFT......Page 113
Bit Growth in FFTs......Page 114
Bit-Reversal Addressing......Page 115
Digital Upconversion and Downconversion......Page 116
DSP Processor Architectural Enhancements......Page 233
Digital Downconversion......Page 120
IF Subsampling......Page 121
Error Correction Coding......Page 128
Spread Spectrum Technology......Page 129
Frequency Modulation......Page 148
Minimum Coding Distance......Page 133
Radar Clutter......Page 134
Viterbi Decoding......Page 137
Soft Decision Decoding......Page 143
Cyclic Redundancy Check......Page 144
Shannon Capacity and Limit Theorems......Page 145
Analog and TDMA Wireless Communications......Page 146
Radar Frequency Bands......Page 193
Deinterlacing......Page 149
Digital Voice Phone Systems......Page 150
TDMA Modulation and Demodulation......Page 151
CDMA Wireless Communications......Page 154
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum......Page 155
Walsh Codes......Page 156
Walsh Code Demodulation......Page 158
Example 3:......Page 159
Example 4:......Page 160
Network Synchronization......Page 161
Pilot PN Codes......Page 162
CDMA Transmit Architecture......Page 163
Variable Rate Vocoder......Page 165
Uplink Modulation......Page 166
Power Control......Page 167
Spectral Efficiency Considerations......Page 169
Other CDMA Technologies......Page 170
WiMax and LTE......Page 171
OFDMA Advantages......Page 172
Frequency Spectrum of Orthogonal Subcarrier......Page 175
OFDM Modulation......Page 177
Intersymbol Interference and the Cyclic Prefix......Page 179
MIMO Equalization......Page 182
OFDMA System Considerations......Page 183
OFDMA Spectral Efficiency......Page 184
Peak to Average Ratio......Page 185
Crest Factor Reduction......Page 187
Digital Predistortion......Page 190
Remote Radio Head......Page 191
Radar Antennas......Page 194
Radar Range Equation......Page 197
Pulsed Radar Operation......Page 198
Pulse Repetition Frequency......Page 199
Detection Processing......Page 202
Doppler Effect......Page 203
Doppler Ambiguities......Page 207
SAR Doppler Processing......Page 210
Target Tracking......Page 212
SAR Resolution......Page 214
Azimuth Resolution......Page 215
SAR Processing......Page 219
SAR Impairments......Page 222
Color Spaces......Page 224
Interlacing......Page 226
Dedicated DSP Circuit Blocks in FPGAs......Page 228
Image Scaling and Cropping......Page 229
Video Compression......Page 230
Video Interfaces......Page 231
Core Processing......Page 235
Multiple Cores or Hardware Coprocessors......Page 237
Floating Point......Page 238
Managing Resources......Page 239
Ecosystem......Page 240
Implementation Using FPGAs......Page 242
FPGA Design Methodology......Page 243
DSP Processor or FPGA Choice......Page 244
Design Methodology Considerations......Page 245
Adjustable Precision Multipliers......Page 247
Postadder (Subtracter) and Distributed Adder......Page 248
Preadder (Subtracter)......Page 249
Coefficient Storage......Page 250
Rounding and Saturation......Page 251
Floating Point in FPGAs......Page 252
Ecosystem......Page 253
Future Trends......Page 254
Q Format Shift with Fractional Multiplication......Page 256
Evaluation of FIR Design Error\rMinimization\r......Page 258
Laplace Transform\r......Page 261
Z - Transform......Page 264
Binary Field Arithmetic\r......Page 268
F......Page 269
S......Page 270
Z......Page 271