Diabetes Insipidus in Children: A Pocket Guide

Foreword
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Contents
Contributors
1: Primary Polydipsia
	Case Presentation
	Assessment and Diagnosis
	Management
	Complications
	References
2: Diagnosing DI (The Water Deprivation Test)
	Case
	Water Deprivation Test
		Concept
		History
		Limitations
	Additional Testing
		AVP
		Copeptin
		Patient Selection and Testing Protocol and Interpretation
		Preparation Prior To Admission
		On Admission
		At Any Time During the Test (See Fig. 2.1)
	Assessment of Response to Vasopressin
	Our Patient
	Summary
	References
3: MRI Lesions in Diabetes Insipidus
	Introduction
	Normal MRI Appearance of the Pituitary Gland (Fig. 3.1)
	MRI Findings in a Child with Diabetes Insipidus
	Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH)
	Hypophysitis
	Germ Cell Tumors (GCT)
	Rathke Cleft Cysts (RCC)
	Craniopharyngioma
	Other Tumors
	Congenital Abnormalities in the Pituitary/Hypothalamic Region Causing DI
		Ectopic Posterior Pituitary (EPP)
		Septo-optic Dysplasia (SOD)
		Inflammatory and Infectious Conditions
	Summary
	References
4: Central Diabetes Insipidus with Pituitary Stalk Thickening
	Case Description
	Assessment and Diagnosis
	Management
	Outcome
	References
5: Hypophysitis
	Vignette
	Chapter Write-Up
	Description/Incidence
	Classifications
	Difference from Adults
	Laboratory and Imaging Studies
	Histologic Findings
	Natural History
	Differential
	Treatment
	Utility of Autoantibodies
	Imaging Findings Over Time
	Anterior Pituitary Hormone Deficiency (APHD) Over Time
	Conclusion
	References
6: Germ Cell Tumors
	Case Presentation #1
	Case Presentation #2
	Discussion
	Management
	References
7: The Gist of a Rathke’s Cleft Cyst
	Case
	Clinical Impression after Initial Results and Consultation
	Bibliography
8: Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis and Diabetes Insipidus
	Clinical Case Presentation
		Case #1
		Case #2
	Introduction
	Presentation, Diagnosis, Classification, and Therapy
	Pituitary Involvement, Endocrine Dysfunction, and Neurodegeneration in LCH
	References
9: Craniopharyngioma and Diabetes Insipidus
	Case Presentation
	Assessment and Diagnosis
	Management
	Outcome
	References
10: Diabetes Insipidus After Craniopharyngioma Resection
	Case Presentation
	Discussion
	References
11: Partial Central Diabetes Insipidus Following Endonasal Biopsy
	Case Presentation
	Assessment and Diagnosis
	Management
	Outcome
	References
12: Septo-optic Dysplasia Spectrum
	Case Description
	Assessment and Diagnosis
	Management
	Outcome
	References
13: Familial DI and Genetic Workup
	Case Presentation
	Assessment and Diagnosis
	Management
	Outcome
	References
14: Treatment with Thiazides in Infants with Central Diabetes Insipidus
	Case Presentation
	Assessment and Diagnosis
	Management
	Outcome
	References
15: Absent Thirst and Diabetes Insipidus
	Case Presentation
	Assessment and Diagnosis
	Management
	Outcome
	References
16: Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
	Case
	Discussion
	Congenital Nephrogenic DI
		AVPR2 Gene Mutations
		AQP2 Gene Mutations
	Current Management Approaches for NDI
		Nutrition
		Diuretics
			Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAID)
	Possible Future Precision Medicine Through Targeted Gene Therapy Strategies
	Acquired NDI
		Amyloidosis
		Granuloma-Associated Conditions (Sarcoidosis and Histiocytosis)
		Sjogren Syndrome
		Sickle Cell Disease (SCD)
		Drugs
			Lithium
			Ifosfamide
			Foscarnet
			Antibiotics
		Other Disorders Associated with NDI
			Hypokalemia
			Fabry Disease
	References
Index