Design and Science

Cover
Halftitle page
Title page
Copyright page
Contents
Contributors
Illustrations
Introduction LESLIE ATZMON
	Messy: Unlearning and Illumination in Creative Work
	Visual Metaphor and Associative Thinking
	Externalization: Sketches and Models
	Creation, Reflection, and Reiteration
	Synthesizing and Patterning
	Blurring the Boundary between Natural and Human-made Phenomena
	Emergence and Complex Systems
	The Essays
	Part 1. Visual Metaphor, Conceptualization, and Modeling Ideas in Design and Science
	Part 2. Biomimicry and Biodesign
	Part 3. Makers and Users in Design and Science
	Part 4. Data Manifestation in Design and Science
	Conclusion
	Notes
	References
Part 1 Visual Metaphor, Conceptualization, and Modeling Ideas in Design and Science
	1 Matters of Mathematics: Designerly Practices in Geometry K. LEE CHICHESTER
		Artisanal Epistemology and the Rediscovery of Ancient Geometry
		Tacit Knowledge in Craftsmanship and Science
		The Modern Anschauungskrise and Computational Geometry
		Notes
		References
	2 Agile Artifacts—Designing the Incomplete JAN ECKERT AND DANIEL ECKERT
		Introduction
		Products vs. Prototypes vs. Triggers
		Handlungsspielraum—a Concept of incompleteness
		Knockout Cell Lines—Perfectly Incomplete Artifacts
		The Cell Design Process
		Vectors—Creating Knockout Prototypes
		Selecting Knockout Cells
		Upscaling, Quality Control, and Distributing Knockout Cells
		Mutation—A Core Element of Design
		Agile Artifacts—An Ongoing Journey
		Notes
		References
	3 Diagramming ArtScience: Designing at Knowledge Intersections CLARISSA AI LING LEE (WITH MATT CORNELL)
		Introduction
		Emergent Scientific Diagrams
		Diagramming in the Performance of Knowledge Discoveries
		Geometric Diagrams
		Computational Imaging
		Astronomy and Astrology
		Diagramming Biology: Theory and Applications Across Knowledge Cultures
		Design Fiction and Participatory Thought-experiment Exhibitions
		Diagramming the Design Fiction of an ArtScience Experience
		Physical Indeterminism in Subatomic Particles and the Double-slit Experiment
		Exhibition 1
		Exhibition 2: A Corollary of Exhibition 1
		Exhibition 3: Tunneling Through the Brain
		Conclusion
		Acknowledgments
		Notes
		References
	4 Phenomenal Machines: An Interview with Nicole Koltick LESLIE ATZMON
Part 2 Biomimicry and Biodesign
	5 Design Inspired by Nature: The Bat Brolly CLINT PENICK AND PRASAD BORADKAR
		Introduction to Biomimicry Thinking
		Scoping: Defining the Problem
		Discovering: Identifying a Natural Model
		Creating: Incorporating Lessons from the Natural Model
		Evaluating: Comparing to Life’s Principles
		Conclusion
		References
	6 PuriFungi, A Natural First Aid Kit for the Earth AUDREY SPEYER
		Introduction
		Transition Design—Living System Theory: Its Mission and the PuriFungi System
		“Reverse” Design Research and General Presentation
		The Fungi Kingdom in Nature
		Fungal Anatomy and Physiology
		Mushrooms, Primary Recyclers in the Unique Soil Matrix
		Soil Pollution
		Remediation Techniques
		Mycoremediation
		Designing the PuriFungi System
		Enzymatic Digestion
		Mycelium Trained Reactivity
		PuriFungi Incubator Design Development
		Mycoremediation Process with PuriFungi Systems
		PuriFungi Project and Mushroom Species Database
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
	7 Vital Matters: Growing Living Materials VICTORIA GEANEY
		Introduction
		My Collaborative Biodesign Work
		The Aqualose Precursor Project
		Lo Lamento
		Early Ideation—The Scientists Enter the Early Stages of a Fashion Design Process
		Focused Ideation Toward Key Concepts
		Design Modeling and Visualization
		Shared Prototyping, Shared Testing, and Shared Making—Merging Fashion and Science in Testing Fabrics for Bacterial Growth
		Draping-on-the-stand and Garment Production—Divergence of Practices
		Making Process
		Draping
		Live Model Fittings
		Final Design
		Collaborative Exhibition Installation—Re-convergence of Practices
		Conclusion
		References
	8 Follow Your Nose MIRIAM SIMUN AND SHARON LIN
		Smoke in the Air
		Introduction
		Clarity from a Nebula
		The Science of Scent
		Scent and Emotion
		Trapped Yet Fleeting
		GHOSTFOOD
		The Farewell to All One Has Used, Broken, Lost . . .
		Regenesis
		Implications
		References
Part 3 Makers and Users in Design and Science
	9 URBN STEAMlab and Biophilic Environments: Science, Art, and Design DIANA NICHOLAS AND SHIVANTHI ANANDAN
		Introduction: Environment of Collaboration
		Design as Science: The Science of Design
		Building Science and Systems Thinking
		Scientific Thinking and Design Thinking
		Biology by Design: Design Research and Biological Research
		The USL Group
		Science and Design Solving “Wicked” Problems
		Shared Design “Lenses”: A Development Process for Biology and Design for Healthy Living
		Shared Design Lenses for Designing the Hydroponic Plant Growth System
		Design Lens 1: Transparency
		Design Lens 2: Materia
		Design Lens 3: Surface
		Further Exploration: Healthy Habitat
		Environmental Prototyping
		New Developments in the Unit Design
		Conclusion
		Note
		References
	10 Designing a Scientific Instrument: Lessons from the Crookes Radiometer1 LINA HAKIM
		Introduction
		Evocative Object: What it is
		Making Processes (Exploration and Invention): How it was Made
		Contexts of Inquiry: Why it was Made
		Interpretations: What it does
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
	11 From the Laboratory to the Studio: Microorganisms in Art and Design CHRISTINE MARIZZI AND NURIT BAR-SHAI
		Introduction: Art and Design Informed by Science
		Alexander Fleming’s Lifesaving “Germ Art”
		Hacker Community Science Practices: (The) Growth Medium is the Message
		Composite Growth Medium
		Living Art and Design
		Amy Chase – Kitchen Culture
		Kac’s Bacterial Paintings and Living Time
		Edgar Lissel Growing Photographs Using Light Sensitive Bacteria
		The Vanishing Painting of Marta de Menezes—Decomposing Color
		Hacking Traditional Microbial Culture Approaches
		Bar-Shai’s Modifications of Traditional Lab Practices to Alter Highly Motile Bacterial Behavior
		Synthesizing Bacteria: Genetically Modified (GM) Colors
		GFPixel Living Portrait
		E. Chromi—The Colorful Palate of Biotechnology
		Biotechnology: GM Color Manufacturing
		Biotechnology in Public Domain
		Full STEAM Ahead! Collaborations, Outreach, and Activism
		The NYC Biome MAP—Urban Biome Drawn Through Art Science and Public Collaborations
		Microbial Landscapes
		[s]Teaming Up
		Acknowledgments
		Notes
		References
	12 Making Justice with Biodesign: A Pedagogical Approach DEEPA BUTOLIYA
		Introduction
		Design and Science
		Speculative and Critical Biodesign and Design Fiction
		About the Course
		Course Description
		What the Students Brought to the Class
		What I Brought to the Class
		The Process
		Idea Generation and Making Games
		Final Concepts
		Project 1: Ecto
		Project 2: Chitonet
		Project 3: Lumiflage
		Project 4: Gnosis
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
Part 4 Data Manifestation in Design and Science
	13 Data Manifestation: Climate Change Data in the Home and on the Body KARIN VON OMPTEDA
		Introduction
		Climate Change and Data Manifestation
		Global Warming in the Living Room
		Climate Change on my T-shirt
		T-shirts and Carbon Footprint
		Discussion and Summary
		Acknowledgments
		Notes
		References
	14 Visual Thinking and the Art of Medical Diagnosis MICHAEL CHANDLER
		Introduction
		Medical Reasoning and Visual Thinking Strategies
		The Bayesian Process, Thought Experiments, and Visual Thinking Strategies
		Thought Experiments in Science and Medicine
		Thought Experiments in the History of Medical Science
		Medical Pedagogy, Visual Thinking, and Imagination
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
	15 The Scientist’s Social Network: Reimagining Crystallographic Diagrams Ahead of the 1951 Festival Pattern Group Collaboration EMILY CANDELA
		Visualizing the Invisible
		The Crystal-gazers of Postwar Art and Design
		Mark Hartland Thomas’s Crystalline Aesthetic
		“Undisciplined” Dialogues
		Notes
		References
	16 Cinematic Data Visualization CATHERINE GRIFFITHS
		Introduction
		Cinematic Data Visualization
		Case Study 1: Alluvium, A Particle Simulation
		Case Study 2: LA River Nutrient Visualization
		Conclusion
		Note
		References
Index