Demographics of Exoplanetary Systems: Lecture Notes of the 3rd Advanced School on Exoplanetary Science

Acknowledgements
Contents
Contributors
Part I Planet Formation
1 Planet Formation: Key Mechanisms and Global Models
	1.1 Observational Constraints on Planet Formation Models
	1.2 Key Processes in Planet Formation
		1.2.1 Protoplanetary Disks: Structure and Evolution
		1.2.2 Planetesimal Formation
		1.2.3 Accretion of Protoplanets
		1.2.4 Orbital Migration of Planets
		1.2.5 Gas Accretion and Giant Planet Migration
		1.2.6 Resonance Trapping During Planet Migration
	1.3 Global Models of Planet Formation
		1.3.1 Origin of Close-in Super-Earths
		1.3.2 Giant Exoplanets: Formation and Dynamics
		1.3.3 Solar System Formation
		1.3.4 Origin of Water on Earth and Rocky Exoplanets
	1.4 The Future of Planet Formation Studies
	References
Part II Star-Planet Interactions
2 The Role of Interactions Between Stars and Their Planets
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Tides
		2.2.1 A Simple Description of Tides
		2.2.2 A More Detailed Theory of Tides
	2.3 Tides and the Evolution of Exoplanets
		2.3.1 Resonant Chains and Tides
		2.3.2 Tides and the Formation of Hot-Jupiters
		2.3.3 Constraints on Tidal Quality Factors from Exoplanet Demography
		2.3.4 Rotation of Planet-Hosting Stars
		2.3.5 Tides in Telluric Planets
	2.4 Planet Evaporation and High-Energy Stellar Radiation
		2.4.1 Evaporation of Planetary Atmospheres:  A Simplified Model
		2.4.2 Stellar Extreme Ultraviolet and X-Ray Radiation
		2.4.3 Signatures of Planetary Evaporation
		2.4.4 Consequences of Stellar Irradiation and Planet Evaporation for Planet Demography
	2.5 Star-Planet Magnetic Interactions
		2.5.1 Stellar Winds and Magnetic Perturbations  by Close-By Planets
		2.5.2 Stellar Coronal Magnetic Fields
		2.5.3 Interactions Between the Stellar Coronal Fields  and a Close-By Planet
		2.5.4 Statistical Analyses of Star-Planet Interactions  and Some Intriguing Cases
	References
Part III Close-In Exoplanets
3 The Demographics of Close-In Planets
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Radial Velocity and Transit Measurement Techniques
		3.2.1 Radial Velocities
		3.2.2 Transits
	3.3 Mass, Size, and Period Distributions
		3.3.1 Doppler Surveys
		3.3.2 Transit Surveys
	3.4 Super-Earths and Sub-Neptunes
		3.4.1 Key Questions
		3.4.2 Precise Radius Demographics
		3.4.3 Structural Properties of Small Planets
	3.5 Planet Multiplicity
		3.5.1 Multi-planet Systems from Doppler Surveys
		3.5.2 Architecture of Kepler `Multis': Global Patterns
		3.5.3 Architecture of Kepler `Multis': Planet-to-Planet Patterns
	3.6 Eccentricity and Obliquity
		3.6.1 Eccentricities of Giant Planets
		3.6.2 Eccentricities of Super Earths and Sub-Neptunes
		3.6.3 Measuring the Orbital Obliquity
		3.6.4 Obliquity of Transiting Planetary Systems
	3.7 Ultra-Short Period Planets
		3.7.1 Introduction
		3.7.2 The Case of Kepler-78b and the USP Planets
		3.7.3 The 1-Day Cutoff and Planet Occurrence
		3.7.4 Host Star Iron Abundance and Planet Formation
		3.7.5 Composition of Hot Earths
		3.7.6 Formation and Early Evolution of USP Planets
		3.7.7 Brief Summary on USP Planets
	References
Part IV Wide-Orbit Exoplanets
4 The Demographics of Wide-Separation Planets
	4.1 Introduction: The Demographics of Exoplanets
	4.2 Mathematical Formalism
	4.3 Pitfalls to Measuring Exoplanet Demographics  in Practice
	4.4 Methods of Detecting Exoplanets: Inherent Sensitivities and Biases
		4.4.1 A Note About Stars
		4.4.2 A General Framework for Characterizing Detectability
		4.4.3 Radial Velocity
		4.4.4 Transits
		4.4.5 Microlensing
		4.4.6 Direct Imaging
		4.4.7 Astrometry
		4.4.8 Summary of the Sensitivities of Exoplanet Detection Methods
	4.5 The Demographics of Wide-Separation Planets
		4.5.1 Results from Radial Velocity Surveys
		4.5.2 Results from Transit Surveys
		4.5.3 Results from Direct Imaging Surveys
		4.5.4 Results from Microlensing Surveys
		4.5.5 Synthesizing Wide-Separation Exoplanet Demographics
	4.6 Comparisons Between Theory and Observations
	4.7 Future Prospects for Completing the Census  of Exoplanets
	4.8 Conclusion
	References