Cybercrime and Information Technology: The Computer Network Infrastructure and Computer Security, Cybersecurity Laws, Internet of Things (IoT), and Mobile Devices

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface
Acknowledgment
Author’s Bio
Chapter 1 Understanding Essential Computer Concepts
	Objectives
	1.1 Understanding Computation
		Conventional Computer Systems
	1.2 Input
		Understanding Binary Data
		Conversion from Binary to Decimal
		Conversion from Decimal to Binary
		Hexadecimal
		Converting from Hexadecimal to Binary
		Conversion from Binary to Hexadecimal
		ASCII, EBCDIC and UNICODE
	1.3 Processing
		Boolean Algebra, Logic Gates, and Truth Tables
		Processor Types (32-bit Processors vs 64-bit Processors)
	1.4 Storage
		Compression
		Lossy Compression
		Lossless Compression
	1.5 Output
		Pixels
		Color Depth
		Color Models
		Screen Resolution
	1.6 Beyond Conventional Computing
		Quantum Computing Is Poised to Change Everything
	1.7 A Brief History of Computing Devices
	1.8 Conclusion
	1.9 Key Words
Chapter 2 Cybercrime in a Data-Driven and Techno-Centric Society
	Objectives
	2.1 Cybercrime and the Cybercriminal
	2.2 The Origin and Definition of Cybercrime – It’s the Data, Always the Data
	2.3 Brief Summary of the Phases and Evolution of Cybercrime
		Phase I
		Phase II
		Phase III
		Phase IV
	2.4 Cybercrime Categories
		The Three Cybercrime Categories
	2.5 The Future of Cybercrime
		The Making of the Cybercriminal
			Cybercrime and the Internet of Things (IoT)
			Cybercrime: Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence
			Online Child Sexual Abuse and Exploitation (CSAE)
			Cost of Cybercrime
			The Role of Cryptocurrency in Cybercrime
		State-Sponsored Cyberwarfare and Industrial Espionage
	2.6 Conclusion
	2.7 Key Words
Chapter 3 Understanding the U.S. Legal System
	Objectives
	3.1 Introduction
		I. Jurisdiction and Extradition
		II. Online Anonymity
		III. Digital Evidence
		IV. Most Cybercrimes Are not Reported
	3.2 A Brief Overview of the Legal System in the United States
		I. The Constitution
		II. Statutory or Statute Law
		III. Administrative Laws (Agency Regulations) and Ordinance Law
		IV. Judicial Decisions or Precedents or Case Law
		3.2.1 The Courts System
	3.3 Types of Laws
		3.3.1 Administrative Law
		3.3.2 Civil Law
		3.3.3 Criminal Law
	3.4 Conclusion
	3.5 Key Words
Chapter 4 Laws, Standards, and Regulations Affecting Cybercrime
	Objectives
	4.1 Introduction
		4.1.1 Current Legislative Framework in the United States
	4.2 Anti-Hacking Laws
		4.2.1 The Federal Computer Fraud and Abuse Act
			4.2.1.1 Key Terms and Major Cases to Understand CFAA
			4.2.1.2 Limitations of the CFAA
		4.2.2 Computer Hacking Laws from Individual States
		4.2.3 The Economic Espionage Act of 1996 (EEA)
			4.2.3.1 Important Cases
		4.2.4 The Digital Millennium Copyright Act
			4.2.4.1 Penalties for 17 U.S.C. § 1201
			4.2.4.2 Important Cases
	4.3 Data Security Laws and Regulations in the Private Sector Entities
		4.3.1 The National Institute of Standards and Technology Cybersecurity Framework
		4.3.2 Laws Dealing with Healthcare
			4.3.2.1 The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
			4.3.2.2 Penalties for Violating HIPAA Rule
		4.3.3 Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act
		4.3.4 Protecting Consumers’ Privacy Rights with FTC’s Section 5: Federal Trade Commission Act
			4.3.4.1 Important FTC Cases
		4.3.5 Laws Affecting Financial Institutions
			4.3.5.1 The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 (GLBA)
			4.3.5.2 Red Flags Rule
		4.3.6 Laws Affecting Utilities
			4.3.6.1 The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
			4.3.6.2 Nuclear Regulatory Commission
	4.4 Public and Private Sector Entities Partnerships in Cyberspace
		4.4.1 Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act of 2015 (CISA)
		4.4.2 The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency
		4.4.3 The National Cybersecurity and Critical Infrastructure Protection Act of 2014 (NCPA)
		4.4.4 Cybersecurity Enhancement Act of 2014 (CEA)
	4.5 Cybersecurity Requirements for Federal Government Contractors
		4.5.1 Federal Information Security Modernization Act of 2014
		4.5.2 NIST Information Security Controls for Government Agencies and Contractors
	4.6 Most Important Internet Surveillance Laws in the United States
		4.6.1 All Writs Act
			4.6.1.1 Significant Case
		4.6.2 Fourth Amendment
			4.6.2.1 Search and Seizure
			4.6.2.2 Exceptions to the Search Warrant Rule
			4.6.2.3 Electronic Surveillance: Private vs Public
			4.6.2.4 Exclusionary Rule and the Good Faith Exception
			4.6.2.5 The USA PATRIOT Act and the Fourth Amendment
		4.6.3 Electronic Communication Privacy Act of 1986
		4.6.4 Communication Assistant for Law Enforcement Act of 1994 (CALEA)
	4.7 Key Privacy Laws in the United States
		4.7.1 Privacy Act of 1974
		4.7.2 Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography and Marketing Act of 2003 (CAN-SPAM Act)
		4.7.3 18 U.S.C. § 1037 Fraud and Related Activity in Connection with Electronic Mail
		4.7.4 18 U.S.C. § 1029 Fraud and Related Activity in Connection with Access Devices
		4.7.5 18 U.S. Code § 1028 Fraud and Related Activity in Connection with Identification Documents, Authentication Features, and Information
		4.7.6 Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act of 1998
		4.7.7 Video Privacy Protection Act (VPPA) of 1988
		4.7.8 When the United States Began Taking Privacy Seriously
	4.8 Conclusion
	4.9 Key Words
Chapter 5 The Networking Environment
	Objectives
	5.1 Introduction to Computer Networking
		5.1.1 Protocols
		5.1.2 The World Wide Web and the Internet
		5.1.3 Advantages and Disadvantages
		5.1.4 Essential Computer Network Components and Terminology
		5.1.5 Basic Anatomy of IPv6
		5.1.6 Using Network Utilities
	5.2 Types of Networks
	5.3 Network Topology
	5.4 The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model
	5.5 The Internet Protocol Suite (TPC/IP)
		5.5.1 TCP
		5.5.2 UDP
	5.6 How Everything Works Together on the Internet: A Review
	5.7 Conclusion
	5.8 Key Words
Chapter 6 Computer Security Technology and Principles
	Objectives
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Understanding Security Terminology
	6.3 Types of Cyberattacks
		6.3.1 Adware
		6.3.2 Denial-of-Service Attacks
			6.3.2.1 Notable DDoS Attacks
			6.3.2.2 DoS Attacking Tools
		6.3.3 Malware
		6.3.4 Phishing
		6.3.5 Spoofing
		6.3.6 Structured Query Language (SQL) Injection or (SQLI)
		6.3.7 Wi-Fi Hacking
	6.4 Prevention Mechanisms
		6.4.1 If You Connect It, Protect It
		6.4.2 Types of Firewalls
	6.5 Identification, Authentication, and Authorization
	6.6 Modern Encryption
		6.6.1 Symmetric Encryption or Secret Key Cryptography (SKC)
		6.6.2 Asymmetric Encryption or Public Key Cryptography or Asymmetric Cryptography
		6.6.3 Digital Certificates and Certificate Authority
		6.6.4 Hash Functions or Hashing Algorithms
			What Does “Salting” a Hashtag Mean?
	6.7 Conclusion
	6.8 Key Words
Chapter 7 Internet of Things (IoTs)
	Objectives
	7.1 The Internet of Things—An Introduction
	7.2 A Summary of IoT Applications
		7.2.1 Automotive Sector
		7.2.2 Energy Sector
		7.2.3 Healthcare Sector
		7.2.4 Manufacturing Sector
		7.2.5 Retail Sector
		7.2.6 Smart Structures (Buildings, Roads, and Bridges Sector)
		7.2.7 Smart Homes
		7.2.8 Transportation Sector
	7.3 IoT Components, Data Processing Architectures, and Protocols
		7.3.1 Basic Components and Data Processing
		7.3.2 Big Data in IoT
		7.3.3 Architectures
		7.3.4 Protocols and Standards
	7.4 Network Consideration for IoT Devices
	7.5 Security
	7.6 Conclusion
	7.7 Key Words
Chapter 8 Mobile Devices: The Smartphone
	Objectives
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 A Brief History and Significant Milestones of Mobile Phones
	8.3 Components, Operating Systems (OS), Applications and Architecture
		8.3.1 Main Components
		8.3.2 Operating Systems (OS) and Applications (apps)
		8.3.3 Platform Architectures
	8.4 The Cellular Network
		8.4.1 What Happens When a Mobile Phone Is Turned On?
		8.4.2 The Cell Tower or Cellular Base Station
		8.4.3 Mobile Device Tracking Location: Cell Towers, GPS, and Indoor Localization
	8.5 Security
		8.5.1 Physical Security
		8.5.2 Executable Security
	8.6 Conclusion
	8.7 Key Words
Appendix A: A Complete Text of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA) 18 U.S.C. § 1030.
Appendix B: 17 U.S.C. § 1201 Circumvention of Copyright Protection Systems
Appendix C: HIPAA §164.308 Administrative Safeguards
Appendix D
Appendix E: 15 U.S.C.
Appendix F
Appendix G
Appendix H
Appendix I: Valuable IT and Management Certifications
Index