Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment 49th Edition (Lange Current Series)

Contents......Page 4
Authors......Page 12
Preface......Page 18
1. Disease Prevention & Health Promotion......Page 22
Prevention of Infectious Diseases......Page 24
Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease......Page 27
Prevention of Physical Inactivity......Page 33
Prevention of Overweight & Obesity......Page 35
Cancer Prevention......Page 37
Prevention of Injuries & Violence......Page 39
Substance Abuse: Alcohol & Illicit Drugs......Page 40
Cough......Page 43
Dyspnea......Page 45
Hemoptysis......Page 48
Chest Pain......Page 49
Palpitations......Page 51
Acute Knee Pain......Page 54
Lower Extremity Edema......Page 57
Fever & Hyperthermia......Page 59
Involuntary Weight Loss......Page 61
Fatigue & Chronic Fatigue Syndrome......Page 62
Acute Headache......Page 65
Dysuria......Page 67
Cardiac Risk Assessment & Reduction......Page 70
Pulmonary Evaluation in Non–Lung Resection Surgery......Page 74
Evaluation of the Patient with Liver Disease......Page 75
Preoperative Hematologic Evaluation......Page 76
Neurologic Evaluation......Page 77
Management of Endocrine Diseases......Page 78
Kidney Disease......Page 79
Antibiotic Prophylaxis of Surgical Site Infections......Page 80
Assessment of the Older Adult......Page 82
Dementia......Page 84
Depression......Page 87
Delirium......Page 88
Falls & Gait Disorders......Page 89
Urinary Incontinence......Page 91
Pressure Ulcers......Page 93
Vision Impairment......Page 95
Elder Abuse......Page 96
Principles of Pain Management......Page 97
Pain at the End of Life......Page 98
Pharmacologic Pain Management Strategies......Page 99
Nausea & Vomiting......Page 107
End-of-Life Care......Page 108
Tasks after Death......Page 114
Principles of Dermatologic Therapy......Page 115
Pigmented Lesions......Page 120
Scaling Disorders......Page 122
Vesicular Dermatoses......Page 134
Weeping or Crusted Lesions......Page 139
Pustular Disorders......Page 141
Erythemas......Page 146
Blistering Diseases......Page 151
Papules......Page 152
Violaceous to Purple Papules & Nodules......Page 155
Pruritus (Itching)......Page 157
Inflammatory Nodules......Page 161
Epidermal Inclusion Cyst......Page 162
Photodermatitis......Page 163
Ulcers......Page 164
Pigmentary Disorders......Page 165
Baldness (Alopecia)......Page 166
Nail Disorders......Page 167
Dermatitis Medicamentosa (Drug Eruption)......Page 168
Refractive Errors......Page 172
Disorders of the Lids & Lacrimal Apparatus......Page 173
Conjunctivitis......Page 174
Pinguecula & Pterygium......Page 176
Corneal Ulcer......Page 177
Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma......Page 178
Chronic Glaucoma......Page 179
Uveitis......Page 180
Retinal Detachment......Page 182
Age-Related Macular Degeneration......Page 183
Central & Branch Retinal Vein Occlusions......Page 184
Central & Branch Retinal Artery Occlusions......Page 185
Transient Monocular Blindness......Page 186
Retinal Disorders Associated with Systemic Diseases......Page 187
Optic Neuritis......Page 189
Ocular Motor Palsies......Page 190
Orbital Cellulitis......Page 191
Ocular Trauma......Page 192
Precautions in Management of Ocular Disorders......Page 193
Adverse Ocular Effects of Systemic Drugs......Page 197
Diseases of the Ear......Page 200
Diseases of the Nose & Paranasal Sinuses......Page 213
Diseases of the Oral Cavity & Pharynx......Page 222
Diseases of the Salivary Glands......Page 227
Diseases of the Larynx......Page 228
Tracheostomy & Cricothyrotomy......Page 232
Diseases Presenting as Neck Masses......Page 233
Disorders of the Airways......Page 236
Pulmonary Infections......Page 264
Pulmonary Neoplasms......Page 280
Interstitial Lung Disease (Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease)......Page 283
Disorders of the Pulmonary Circulation......Page 287
Environmental & Occupational Lung Disorders......Page 298
Pleural Diseases......Page 303
Disorders of Control of Ventilation......Page 308
Acute Respiratory Failure......Page 310
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome......Page 312
Congenital Heart Disease......Page 315
Valvular Heart Disease......Page 323
Coronary Heart Disease (Atherosclerotic CAD, Ischemic Heart Disease)......Page 337
Disturbances of Rate & Rhythm......Page 361
Bradycardias & Conduction Disturbances......Page 375
Congestive Heart Failure......Page 379
Myocarditis & the Cardiomyopathies......Page 389
Acute Rheumatic Fever & Rheumatic Heart Disease......Page 395
Diseases of the Pericardium......Page 397
Pulmonary Hypertension & Pulmonary Heart Disease......Page 401
Neoplastic Diseases of the Heart......Page 403
Cardiac Involvement in Miscellaneous Systemic Diseases......Page 404
The Cardiac Patient & Pregnancy......Page 405
Cardiovascular Screening of Athletes......Page 406
Prehypertension......Page 408
Approach to Hypertension......Page 409
Drug Therapy: Current Antihypertensive Agents......Page 419
Hypertensive Urgencies & Emergencies......Page 432
Atherosclerotic Peripheral Vascular Disease......Page 436
Nonatherosclerotic Vascular Disease......Page 443
Arterial Aneurysms......Page 444
Venous Diseases......Page 448
Diseases of the Lymphatic Channels......Page 453
Shock......Page 455
Anemias......Page 460
Neutropenia......Page 477
Leukemias & Other Myeloproliferative Disorders......Page 478
Lymphomas......Page 490
Stem Cell Transplantation......Page 495
Blood Transfusions......Page 497
Platelet Disorders......Page 501
Disorders of Coagulation......Page 511
Antithrombotic Therapy......Page 516
Symptoms & Signs of Gastrointestinal Disease......Page 523
Diseases of the Peritoneum......Page 545
Diseases of the Esophagus......Page 550
Diseases of the Stomach & Duodenum......Page 565
Diseases of the Small Intestine......Page 578
Diseases of the Colon & Rectum......Page 590
Anorectal Diseases......Page 614
Jaundice......Page 619
Diseases of the Liver......Page 622
Diseases of the Biliary Tract......Page 655
Diseases of the Pancreas......Page 662
Fibrocystic Condition......Page 670
Fibroadenoma of the Breast......Page 671
Breast Abscess......Page 672
Carcinoma of the Female Breast......Page 673
Carcinoma of the Male Breast......Page 694
Abnormal Premenopausal Bleeding......Page 695
Premenstrual Syndrome (Premenstrual Tension)......Page 697
Vaginitis......Page 698
Effects of Exposure to Diethylstilbestrol In Utero......Page 700
Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (Dysplasia of the Cervix)......Page 701
Carcinoma of the Cervix......Page 703
Leiomyoma of the Uterus (Fibroid Tumor)......Page 704
Carcinoma of the Endometrium......Page 705
Carcinoma of the Vulva......Page 706
Endometriosis......Page 707
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (Salpingitis, Endometritis)......Page 708
Ovarian Cancer & Ovarian Tumors......Page 710
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome......Page 711
Female Sexual Dysfunction......Page 712
Infertility......Page 713
Contraception......Page 715
Rape......Page 722
Menopausal Syndrome......Page 724
Essentials of Prenatal Care......Page 726
Nutrition in Pregnancy......Page 729
Lactation......Page 730
Vomiting of Pregnancy (Morning Sickness) & Hyperemesis Gravidarum (Pernicious Vomiting of Pregnancy)......Page 731
Spontaneous Abortion......Page 732
Recurrent (Habitual) Abortion......Page 733
Ectopic Pregnancy......Page 734
Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (Hydatidiform Mole & Choriocarcinoma)......Page 735
Preeclampsia-Eclampsia......Page 736
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy......Page 739
Preterm (Premature) Labor......Page 740
Chorioamnionitis & Endometritis......Page 741
Lupus Anticoagulant Anticardiolipin-Antiphospholipid Antibody......Page 742
Diabetes Mellitus......Page 743
Hypertensive Disease......Page 744
Urinary Tract Infection......Page 745
Varicella......Page 746
Maternal Hepatitis B & C Carrier State......Page 747
Choledocholithiasis, Cholecystitis, & Idiopathic Cholestasis of Pregnancy......Page 748
Ovarian Tumors......Page 749
Degenerative & Crystal-Induced Arthritis......Page 750
Pain Syndromes......Page 757
Autoimmune Diseases......Page 768
Vasculitis Syndromes......Page 785
Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies......Page 794
Infectious Arthritis......Page 798
Infections of Bones......Page 801
Other Rheumatic Disorders......Page 804
Atopic Disease......Page 805
Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders......Page 807
21. Fluid & Electrolyte Disorders......Page 809
Disorders of Sodium Concentration......Page 810
Disorders of Potassium Concentration......Page 816
Disorders of Calcium Concentration......Page 819
Disorders of Phosphorus Concentration......Page 823
Disorders of Magnesium Concentration......Page 826
Acid–Base Disorders......Page 827
Fluid Management......Page 836
Assessment of Kidney Disease......Page 837
Acute Kidney Injury (Acute Renal Failure)......Page 840
Chronic Kidney Disease......Page 846
Glomerulonephropathies......Page 854
Nephrotic Disease in Primary Renal Disorders......Page 861
Nephrotic Disease from Systemic Disorders......Page 862
Diseases Demonstrating Nephritic & Nephrotic Components......Page 864
Tubulointerstitial Diseases......Page 865
Cystic Diseases of the Kidney......Page 867
Multisystem Diseases with Variable Kidney Involvement......Page 869
Hematuria......Page 871
Acute Cystitis......Page 872
Acute Pyelonephritis......Page 873
Acute Bacterial Prostatitis......Page 874
Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis......Page 875
Prostatodynia......Page 876
Acute Epididymitis......Page 877
Urinary Stone Disease......Page 878
Interstitial Cystitis......Page 882
Male Erectile Dysfunction & Sexual Dysfunction......Page 883
Male Infertility......Page 885
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia......Page 887
Headache......Page 893
Facial Pain......Page 897
Epilepsy......Page 899
Dysautonomia......Page 905
Sensory Disturbances......Page 906
Transient Ischemic Attacks......Page 907
Stroke......Page 909
Intracranial & Spinal Tumors......Page 918
Nonmetastatic Neurologic Complications of Malignant Disease......Page 923
Selected Neurocutaneous Diseases......Page 924
Movement Disorders......Page 925
Multiple Sclerosis......Page 933
Spasticity......Page 935
Stupor & Coma......Page 936
Head Injury......Page 939
Spinal Trauma......Page 940
Degenerative Motor Neuron Diseases......Page 941
Peripheral Neuropathies......Page 942
Brachial & Lumbar Plexus Lesions......Page 950
Disorders of Neuromuscular Transmission......Page 953
Myopathic Disorders......Page 955
Periodic Paralysis Syndrome......Page 957
Common Psychiatric Disorders......Page 958
Substance Use Disorders (Drug Dependency, Drug Abuse)......Page 998
Delirium, Dementia, & Other Cognitive Disorders (Formerly: Organic Brain Syndrome)......Page 1006
Psychiatric Problems Associated with Hospitalization & Illness......Page 1009
Diseases of the Hypothalamus & Pituitary Gland......Page 1012
Diseases of the Thyroid Gland......Page 1023
The Parathyroids......Page 1051
Metabolic Bone Disease......Page 1059
Diseases of the Adrenal Cortex......Page 1067
Pheochromocytoma & Paraganglioma......Page 1079
Pancreatic & Duodenal Neuroendocrine Tumors......Page 1083
Diseases of the Testes & Male Breast......Page 1084
Amenorrhea & Menopause......Page 1088
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia......Page 1096
Clinical Use of Corticosteroids......Page 1098
Diabetes Mellitus......Page 1100
Diabetic Coma......Page 1132
The Hypoglycemic States......Page 1138
Lipoproteins & Atherogenesis......Page 1144
Therapeutic Effects of Lowering Cholesterol......Page 1145
Clinical Presentations......Page 1146
Screening for High Blood Cholesterol......Page 1147
Treatment of High Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol......Page 1151
High Blood Triglycerides......Page 1154
Protein-Energy Malnutrition......Page 1155
Obesity......Page 1156
Eating Disorders......Page 1159
Disorders of Vitamin Metabolism......Page 1161
Diet Therapy......Page 1166
Nutritional Support......Page 1168
Fever of Unknown Origin......Page 1174
Infections in the Immunocompromised Patient......Page 1176
Hospital-Associated Infections......Page 1180
Infections of the Central Nervous System......Page 1183
Animal & Human Bite Wounds......Page 1186
Sexually Transmitted Diseases......Page 1187
Infections in Drug Users......Page 1189
Acute Infectious Diarrhea......Page 1190
Infectious Diseases in the Returning Traveler......Page 1193
Traveler's Diarrhea......Page 1194
Selected Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy......Page 1196
Hypersensitivity Tests & Desensitization......Page 1201
Recommended Immunization of Adults......Page 1207
Recommended Immunization for Travelers......Page 1221
Vaccine Safety......Page 1225
Epidemiology......Page 1226
Clinical Findings......Page 1229
Prevention......Page 1239
Treatment......Page 1242
When to Refer......Page 1254
When to Admit......Page 1255
Human Herpesviruses......Page 1256
Major Vaccine-Preventable Viral Infections......Page 1268
Other Neurotrophic Viruses......Page 1276
Other Systemic Viral Diseases......Page 1283
Common Viral Respiratory Infections......Page 1289
Adenovirus Infections......Page 1296
Other Exanthematous Viral Infections......Page 1297
Enteroviruses That Produce Several Syndromes......Page 1299
Typhus Group......Page 1301
Spotted Fevers......Page 1304
Other Rickettsial & Rickettsial-Like Diseases......Page 1306
Kawasaki Disease......Page 1308
Infections Caused by Gram-Positive Bacteria......Page 1310
Infective Endocarditis......Page 1324
Infections Caused by Gram-Negative Bacteria......Page 1328
Actinomycosis......Page 1344
Infections Caused by Mycobacteria......Page 1345
Infections Caused by Chlamydiae......Page 1348
Syphilis......Page 1351
Non-Sexually Transmitted Treponematoses......Page 1359
Relapsing Fever......Page 1360
Rat-Bite Fever......Page 1361
Leptospirosis......Page 1362
Lyme Disease (Lyme Borreliosis)......Page 1363
African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness)......Page 1369
American Trypanosomiasis (Chagas Disease)......Page 1370
Leishmaniasis......Page 1372
Malaria......Page 1374
Babesiosis......Page 1383
Toxoplasmosis......Page 1384
Amebiasis......Page 1386
Infections with Pathogenic Free-Living Amebas......Page 1389
Coccidiosis (Cryptosporidiosis, Isosporiasis, Cyclosporiasis, Sarcocystosis) & Microsporidiosis......Page 1390
Giardiasis......Page 1392
Trichomoniasis......Page 1393
Trematode (Fluke) Infections......Page 1394
Liver, Lung, & Intestinal Flukes......Page 1396
Cestode Infections......Page 1397
Intestinal Nematode (Roundworm) Infections......Page 1400
Invasive Nematode (Roundworm) Infections......Page 1403
Filariasis......Page 1407
Candidiasis......Page 1411
Histoplasmosis......Page 1412
Coccidioidomycosis......Page 1413
Pneumocystosis (Pneumocystis jiroveci Pneumonia)......Page 1415
Cryptococcosis......Page 1417
Aspergillosis......Page 1418
Mucormycosis......Page 1419
Sporotrichosis......Page 1420
Mycetoma (Maduromycosis & Actinomycetoma)......Page 1421
Antifungal Therapy......Page 1423
Cold & Heat......Page 1424
Burns......Page 1429
Electrical Injury......Page 1433
Radiation Exposure......Page 1434
Near Drowning......Page 1436
Disorders Due to Environmental Factors......Page 1437
The Symptomatic Patient......Page 1441
Antidotes & Other Treatment......Page 1444
Diagnosis of Poisoning......Page 1447
Selected Poisonings......Page 1449
Modifiable Risk Factors......Page 1471
The Paraneoplastic Syndromes......Page 1472
Lung Cancer......Page 1473
Hepatobiliary Cancers......Page 1480
Alimentary Tract Cancers......Page 1486
Cancers of the Genitourinary Tract......Page 1505
Cancer Complications & Emergencies......Page 1515
Systemic Cancer Therapy......Page 1519
Toxicity & Dose Modification of Chemotherapeutic Agents......Page 1520
Prognosis......Page 1532
Acute Intermittent Porphyria......Page 1533
Alkaptonuria......Page 1534
Down Syndrome......Page 1535
Gaucher Disease......Page 1536
Disorders of Homocysteine Metabolism......Page 1537
Klinefelter Syndrome......Page 1538
Marfan Syndrome......Page 1539
Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia......Page 1540
41. Complementary & Alternative Medicine......Page 1541
Herbal Medicines......Page 1542
Dietary Supplements......Page 1548
Acupuncture......Page 1553
Mind-Body Medicine......Page 1555
Appendix: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring & Laboratory Reference Intervals......Page 1565
A......Page 1578
B......Page 1597
C......Page 1605
D......Page 1623
E......Page 1633
F......Page 1641
G......Page 1646
H......Page 1652
I......Page 1667
K......Page 1674
L......Page 1676
M......Page 1682
N......Page 1692
O......Page 1698
P......Page 1702
R......Page 1720
S......Page 1726
T......Page 1739
U......Page 1749
V......Page 1751
W......Page 1756
Z......Page 1758